The proteome of fetal fluids in mares with experimentally-induced placentitis.
Abstract: Placental inflammation (placentitis) is one of the leading causes of late-term abortion in mares. Although prognosis is good assuming early diagnosis and treatment, diagnostics are limited. To better characterize the disease and identify potential biomarkers, we analyzed the proteome of fetal fluids (amniotic and allantoic) in both control mares (n = 5) and mares with experimentally-induced placentitis (n = 5) using LTQ-Orbitrap mass-spectrometry. Placentitis was induced via trans-cervical inoculation of Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus. In total, 130 proteins were identified in either amniotic fluid, allantoic fluid, or both, with amniotic proteins being more prevalent and better conserved across samples. A total of 18 proteins were up-regulated in amniotic fluid during placentitis, including haptoglobin, plasminogen isoform X2 and plasminogen-like isoform X1 which were found exclusively in samples from mares with placentitis. Five allantoic proteins were up-regulated, of which four were also found to be up-regulated in amniotic fluid, including alpha-1-antiproteinase and transferrin family members. A total of 19 proteins were down-regulated in amniotic fluid, with none decreasing significantly in allantoic fluid. We have performed the first proteomic analysis of amniotic and allantoic fluid during placental infection in any domestic livestock species. We identified a number of proteins with significantly altered expression, primarily those related to immune function. These findings provide information on the physiology of placentitis as well as identify potential biomarkers for future diagnostic work.
Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2018-03-20 PubMed ID: 29626984DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2018.03.004Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This study examines the proteins found in fetal fluids of mares with induced placentitis. Researchers found notable proteins that could be future markers for diagnosing the disease.
Research Overview
In this study, researchers aimed to better understand placentitis, a leading cause of late-term abortion in mares, by identifying and analyzing proteins (the proteome) from fetal fluids (amniotic and allantoic) in healthy mares and those with induced placentitis. This was done through LTQ-Orbitrap mass-spectrometry of the collected fluids.
Methodology
- The mares were divided into control mares (n = 5) and experimentally-induced placentitis mares (n = 5).
- Placentitis was artificially introduced in the latter group via trans-cervical inoculation of Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus.
Findings
- Through this process, 130 proteins were identified either in amniotic fluid, allantoic fluid, or both. It was noted that amniotic proteins were more prevalent and better conserved across samples.
- The researchers discovered that 18 proteins were up-regulated (increased in response to a stimulus) in amniotic fluid during placentitis, including haptoglobin, plasminogen isoform X2 and plasminogen-like isoform X1, which were exclusively found in samples from mares with placentitis.
- Five allantoic proteins were up-regulated, four of which were also found to be up-regulated in amniotic fluid. These included alpha-1-antiproteinase and transferrin family members.
- Additionally, 19 proteins were down-regulated (decreased in response to a stimulus) in amniotic fluid, while no significant decrease was noted in allantoic fluid.
Significance and Future Applications
- This study represents the first proteomic analysis of amniotic and allantoic fluid during placental infection in any domestic livestock species, marking a significant advancement in research of placentitis.
- A number of proteins with significantly altered expression were identified—primarily those related to immune function—providing deeper insights into the physiology of placentitis.
- These findings have the potential to facilitate the identification of biomarkers for future diagnostic work, with the intention of improving early diagnosis and treatment.
Cite This Article
APA
Loux SC, Ball BA.
(2018).
The proteome of fetal fluids in mares with experimentally-induced placentitis.
Placenta, 64, 71-78.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2018.03.004 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, 1400 Nicholasville Rd., Lexington, KY, 40546, USA.
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, 1400 Nicholasville Rd., Lexington, KY, 40546, USA. Electronic address: b.a.ball@uky.edu.
MeSH Terms
- Amniotic Fluid / metabolism
- Animals
- Female
- Horses
- Placenta Diseases / metabolism
- Pregnancy
- Proteome
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Bigliardi E, Rizzi M, Bertocchi M, Denti L, Bresciani C, Vetere A, Di Ianni F. Evaluation of Biochemical Composition of Amniotic and Allantoic Fluids at Different Stages of Pregnancy in Queens.. Animals (Basel) 2022 May 30;12(11).
- Loux SC, Dini P, El-Sheikh Ali H, Kalbfleisch T, Ball BA. Characterization of the placental transcriptome through mid to late gestation in the mare.. PLoS One 2019;14(11):e0224497.
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