TNF-alpha SNP haplotype frequencies in equidae.
Abstract: Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a crucial role in the regulation of inflammatory and immune responses. In all vertebrate species the genes encoding TNF-alpha are located within the major histocompatability complex. In the horse TNF-alpha has been ascribed a role in a variety of important disease processes. Previously two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been reported within the 5' un-translated region of the equine TNF-alpha gene. We have examined the equine TNF-alpha promoter region further for additional SNPs by analysing DNA from 131 horses (Equus caballus), 19 donkeys (E. asinus), 2 Grant's zebras (E. burchellii boehmi) and one onager (E. hemionus). Two further SNPs were identified at nucleotide positions 24 (T/G) and 452 (T/C) relative to the first nucleotide of the 522 bp polymerase chain reaction product. A sequence variant at position 51 was observed between equidae. SNaPSHOT genotyping assays for these and the two previously reported SNPs were performed on 457 horses comprising seven different breeds and 23 donkeys to determine the gene frequencies. SNP frequencies varied considerably between different horse breeds and also between the equine species. In total, nine different TNF-alpha promoter SNP haplotypes and their frequencies were established amongst the various equidae examined, with some haplotypes being found only in horses and others only in donkeys or zebras. The haplotype frequencies observed varied greatly between different horse breeds. Such haplotypes may relate to levels of TNF-alpha production and disease susceptibility and further investigation is required to identify associations between particular haplotypes and altered risk of disease.
Publication Date: 2006-05-05 PubMed ID: 16671944DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00581.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research article investigates the role of Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, in various diseases in horses. The study looks for additional Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TNF-alpha gene across different breeds of horses, donkeys, and zebras. Findings revealed nine different TNF-alpha promoter SNP haplotypes, their distribution varied significantly among different horse breeds and species.
Objective of the Research
- This study aimed to explore the TNF-alpha promoter region for additional SNPs in different species and breeds within the equidae family.
- It sought to understand the variations in gene frequencies and their possible implications on TNF-alpha production as well as disease susceptibility.
Methodology of the Study
- The researchers analyzed the DNA of 131 horses, 19 donkeys, 2 Grant’s zebras, and one onager.
- They identified two new SNPs at nucleotide positions 24 and 452, in addition to the two previously reported SNPs.
- The team then conducted SNaPSHOT genotyping assays for these SNPs on 457 horses from seven different breeds and 23 donkeys.
Results of the Study
- The team discovered a total of nine different TNF-alpha promoter SNP haplotypes across the equidae species examined.
- Some of these haplotypes were exclusive to horses, while others were found only in donkeys or zebras.
- The observed haplotype frequencies varied significantly between different horse breeds.
Implications of the Findings
- The outcomes of the research elucidate the genetic variability in TNF-alpha gene across different breeds and species within the equidae family.
- The variation in TNF-alpha promoter SNP haplotypes may relate to different levels of TNF-alpha production and varying disease susceptibilities.
- Further research can delve into potential associations between specific haplotypes and disease risks, offering substantial insights into disease prevention and breeding practices among equidae.
Cite This Article
APA
Brown JJ, Ollier WE, Thomson W, Matthews JB, Carter SD, Binns M, Pinchbeck G, Clegg PD.
(2006).
TNF-alpha SNP haplotype frequencies in equidae.
Tissue Antigens, 67(5), 377-382.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00581.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Centre for Integrated Genomic Medical Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. jason.brown@manchester.ac.uk
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Equidae / genetics
- Equidae / immunology
- Gene Frequency
- Haplotypes
- Pedigree
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / genetics
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Mukhopadhyay A, Cook SR, SanMiguel P, Ekenstedt KJ, Taylor SD. TLR4 and MD2 variation among horses with differential TNFα baseline concentrations and response to intravenous lipopolysaccharide infusion.. Sci Rep 2023 Jan 27;13(1):1486.
- Osman AE, Brema I, AlQurashi A, Al-Jurayyan A, Bradley B, Hamza MA. Single nucleotide polymorphism rs 2070874 at Interleukin-4 is associated with increased risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus independently of human leukocyte antigens.. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2022 Jan-Dec;36:3946320221090330.
- Chowdhary BP, Raudsepp T. The horse genome derby: racing from map to whole genome sequence.. Chromosome Res 2008;16(1):109-27.
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