[Training of the immune system of foals against ERP virus infections by frequent vaccination with presently available commercial vaccines].
Abstract: During 3 foaling seasons around 150 Lipizzaner foals were vaccinated against ERP with commercial vaccines and groups thereof were serotested in CF and SN for their humoral immune response. In addition, 6 horses of cheaper common breeds were vaccinated on the University premises, were continuously serologically screened and subjected to virulent nasal test infection. The live-virus vaccine Prevaccinol interfered so profoundly and up to the 20th week of life with maternal antibodies that its further use was discontinued. The inactivated vaccine Pneumabort-K proved to be of impressive immunogenicity, but without any doubt must be used 4 times instead of 3 times only during the first year of life as recommended by its manufacturer. Proofs that the vaccination intervals as recommended on the packing slips are too far-spaced and that 3 basic doses of vaccine induce unsatisfactory protection became apparent under two aspects. Firstly, yearling mares experienced an enzootic field infection by subtype 1 of EHV 1 while on summer pasture. Secondly, experimental nasal infection of horses of the University herd gave takes certified clinically, virologically, and serologically. Data as well as arguments are brought forward which shed doubt on the merits of CF-titers as indicators of immunity as recommended by other authors; SN-titers were shown to be more dependable parameters. With regard to the frequently needed revaccinations there is an absolute "must" for the producer of Pneumabort-K to purify this product before marketing it.
Publication Date: 1989-04-01 PubMed ID: 2540944
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- English Abstract
- Journal Article
Summary
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During a study spanning three foaling seasons, around 150 Lipizzaner foals were vaccinated against Equine Rhinopneumonitis (ERP) and tested for their immune response. While the live-virus vaccine Prevaccinol interfered with maternal antibodies, the inactivated vaccine Pneumabort-K showed strong immune response but required more frequent doses than recommended by the manufacturer.
Further evidence suggested that the recommended vaccination intervals were too long. Additionally, the study questioned the reliability of certain tests as indicators of immunity, favoring the SN-titers over the CF-titers. The study also emphasizes the need for the producer of Pneumabort-K to purify the product before selling it.
Study Overview
- Over three foaling seasons, about 150 Lipizzaner foals were vaccinated against ERP and tested for their immune response.
- Additionally, 6 horses of different breeds were vaccinated and subjected to a test infection.
Vaccine Evaluation
- The live-virus vaccine, Prevaccinol:
- Significantly interfered with maternal antibodies up to the foal’s 20th week.
- Its use was discontinued due to this interference.
- The inactivated vaccine, Pneumabort-K:
- Displayed strong immune response.
- However, it needs to be administered four times during the first year, contrary to the manufacturer’s recommendation of three times.
Challenges with Vaccination
- Two key issues highlighted the need for more frequent doses of Pneumabort-K:
- Yearling mares got infected by subtype 1 of EHV 1 in the wild.
- Experimental infection of the University’s horses showed clinical, virological, and serological evidence of the disease.
- There were doubts about the use of CF-titers as reliable indicators of immunity. SN-titers appeared to be more dependable.
Recommendations
- Given the need for frequent revaccinations, the producer of Pneumabort-K should ensure the vaccine’s purity before it is marketed.
Cite This Article
APA
Bürki F, Nowotny N, Rossmanith W, Pallan C, Möstl K.
(1989).
[Training of the immune system of foals against ERP virus infections by frequent vaccination with presently available commercial vaccines].
Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr, 96(4), 162-165.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral / biosynthesis
- Female
- Herpesviridae / immunology
- Herpesviridae Infections / immunology
- Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / immunology
- Horse Diseases / immunology
- Horses
- Vaccination / veterinary
- Viral Vaccines / administration & dosage
- Viral Vaccines / immunology
Citations
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