Ultrastructural analysis of healthy synovial fluids in three mammalian species.
Abstract: A better knowledge of synovial fluid (SF) ultrastructure is required to further understand normal joint lubrication and metabolism. The aim of the present study was to elucidate SF structural features in healthy joints from three mammalian species of different size compared with features in biomimetic SF. High-resolution structural analysis was performed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and environmental SEM/wet scanning transmission electron microscopy mode complemented by TEM and SEM cryogenic methods. Laser-scanning confocal microscopy (LCM) was used to locate the main components of SF with respect to its ultrastructural organization. The present study showed that the ultrastructure of healthy SF is built from a network of vesicles with a size range from 100 to a few hundred nanometers. A multilayered organization of the vesicle membranes was observed with a thickness of about 5 nm. LCM study of biological SF compared with synthetic SF showed that the microvesicles consist of a lipid-based membrane enveloping a glycoprotein gel. Thus, healthy SF has a discontinuous ultrastructure based on a complex network of microvesicles. This finding offers novel perspectives for the diagnosis and treatment of synovial joint diseases.
Publication Date: 2014-03-18 PubMed ID: 24641871DOI: 10.1017/S1431927614000415Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Animal Health
- Comparative Study
- Confocal Microscopy
- Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Technique
- Disease Diagnosis
- Disease Treatment
- Equine Health
- Glycoproteins
- Joint Health
- Lipids
- Metabolism
- Microscopy
- Scanning Electron Microscopy
- Species Comparison
- Synovial Fluid
- Transmission Electron Microscopy
- Ultrastructure
- Veterinary Science
Summary
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The research studied the underlying structure of healthy synovial fluid in the joints of three different mammal species, using various types of high-resolution microscopic analysis. The ultrastructure of this fluid, crucial for understanding joint function and disease, was found to be made up of a network of microscopic vesicles with lipid-based membranes enveloping a gel-like substance made of glycoproteins.
Objective and Aim
- The research was motivated by the need for a more detailed understanding of the synovial fluid’s ultrastructure involved in joint lubrication and metabolism. The purpose of this study was to unveil the structural attributes of synovial fluid in healthy joints among three different mammal species.
Methods Used
- The researchers relied on a variety of microscopic techniques, including Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Laser-scanning Confocal Microscopy (LCM). In addition, the study used cryogenic methods. Each method offers a different level and type of detail to reveal the physical structure of the synovial fluid and its components.
Results and Findings
- The ultrastructure of the synovial fluid was found to consist of a network of vesicles ranging in size from 100 to several hundred nanometers. They also observed a multilayered structure of the vesicle membranes, with an approximate thickness of 5 nm.
- The researchers applied LCM to compare biological synovial fluid with synthetic versions, discovering that the vesicles are composed of a lipid-based membrane encapsulating a glycoprotein gel.
Implications
- The results of the study provide a unique perspective on the structure of synovial fluid, highlighting the intricate network of vesicles that make up its composition. This new information might improve the diagnosis and treatment of joint diseases, especially those affecting the synovial fluid.
Cite This Article
APA
Matei CI, Boulocher C, Boulé C, Schramme M, Viguier E, Roger T, Berthier Y, Trunfio-Sfarghiu AM, Blanchin MG.
(2014).
Ultrastructural analysis of healthy synovial fluids in three mammalian species.
Microsc Microanal, 20(3), 903-911.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927614000415 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- 1LaMCoS UMR5259,INSA-Lyon,CNRS,University of Lyon,69621 Villeurbanne,France.
- 4UPSP ICE 2011-03-101,VetAgro Sup,Veterinary Campus,University Claude Bernard Lyon 1,University of Lyon,69280 Marcy l'Etoile,France.
- 3CTmu,University Claude Bernard Lyon 1,University of Lyon,69622 Villeurbanne,France.
- 4UPSP ICE 2011-03-101,VetAgro Sup,Veterinary Campus,University Claude Bernard Lyon 1,University of Lyon,69280 Marcy l'Etoile,France.
- 4UPSP ICE 2011-03-101,VetAgro Sup,Veterinary Campus,University Claude Bernard Lyon 1,University of Lyon,69280 Marcy l'Etoile,France.
- 4UPSP ICE 2011-03-101,VetAgro Sup,Veterinary Campus,University Claude Bernard Lyon 1,University of Lyon,69280 Marcy l'Etoile,France.
- 1LaMCoS UMR5259,INSA-Lyon,CNRS,University of Lyon,69621 Villeurbanne,France.
- 1LaMCoS UMR5259,INSA-Lyon,CNRS,University of Lyon,69621 Villeurbanne,France.
- 2ILM,UMR5306-CNRS,University Claude Bernard Lyon 1,University of Lyon,69622 Villeurbanne,France.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Dogs
- Horses
- Joints / physiology
- Microscopy, Confocal
- Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
- Microscopy, Electron, Scanning Transmission
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Rats
- Synovial Fluid
- Transport Vesicles / chemistry
- Transport Vesicles / ultrastructure
Citations
This article has been cited 8 times.- Filali S, Darragi-Raies N, Ben-Trad L, Piednoir A, Hong SS, Pirot F, Landoulsi A, Girard-Egrot A, Granjon T, Maniti O, Miossec P, Trunfio-Sfarghiu AM. Morphological and Mechanical Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles and Parent Human Synoviocytes under Physiological and Inflammatory Conditions.. Int J Mol Sci 2022 Oct 30;23(21).
- Ben-Trad L, Matei CI, Sava MM, Filali S, Duclos ME, Berthier Y, Guichardant M, Bernoud-Hubac N, Maniti O, Landoulsi A, Blanchin MG, Miossec P, Granjon T, Trunfio-Sfarghiu AM. Synovial Extracellular Vesicles: Structure and Role in Synovial Fluid Tribological Performances.. Int J Mol Sci 2022 Oct 9;23(19).
- Kosinska MK, Eichner G, Schmitz G, Liebisch G, Steinmeyer J. A comparative study on the lipidome of normal knee synovial fluid from humans and horses.. PLoS One 2021;16(4):e0250146.
- Mustonen AM, Capra J, Rilla K, Lehenkari P, Oikari S, Kääriäinen T, Joukainen A, Kröger H, Paakkonen T, Matilainen J, Nieminen P. Characterization of hyaluronan-coated extracellular vesicles in synovial fluid of patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021 Mar 6;22(1):247.
- Boere J, Malda J, van de Lest CHA, van Weeren PR, Wauben MHM. Extracellular Vesicles in Joint Disease and Therapy.. Front Immunol 2018;9:2575.
- Veselack T, Aldebert G, Trunfio-Sfarghiu AM, Schmid TM, Laurent MP, Wimmer MA. Phospholipid Vesicles in Media for Tribological Studies against Live Cartilage.. Lubricants 2018;6(1).
- Boere J, van de Lest CH, Libregts SF, Arkesteijn GJ, Geerts WJ, Nolte-'t Hoen EN, Malda J, van Weeren PR, Wauben MH. Synovial fluid pretreatment with hyaluronidase facilitates isolation of CD44+ extracellular vesicles.. J Extracell Vesicles 2016;5:31751.
- Schiera G, Di Liegro CM, Di Liegro I. Extracellular Membrane Vesicles as Vehicles for Brain Cell-to-Cell Interactions in Physiological as well as Pathological Conditions.. Biomed Res Int 2015;2015:152926.
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