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Home / Equine Research Bank / Mamm Genome / Zoo-FISH with microdissected arm specific paints for HSA2, 5...
Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society1998; 9(1); 44-49; doi: 10.1007/s003359900677

Zoo-FISH with microdissected arm specific paints for HSA2, 5, 6, 16, and 19 refines known homology with pig and horse chromosomes.

Abstract: Microdissected arm specific paints (ASPs) for human (HSA) chromosomes (Chrs) 2, 5, 6, 16, and 19 were used as probes on pig (SSC) and horse (ECA) metaphase chromosomes. Regions homologous to individual human arms were delineated in the two species studied. Of the ten ASPs used, HSA6 and 16 ASPs showed complete synteny conservation of individual arms as single blocks/ arms both in pig and horse. A similar trend was, in general, also observed for HSA19 ASPs. However, contrary to these observations, synteny conservation of individual arms of HSA2 and HSA5 was not observed in pig and horse. The arm specific painting data, coupled with the available gene mapping data, showed that, although HSA2 corresponded to two arms/chromosomes each in pig and horse, the breakpoint of this synteny in humans was not located at the centromere, but at HSA2q13 band. Similarly, arm specific paints for HSA5 showed that of the two blocks/ chromosomes painted in pig and horse, one corresponded to HSA5q13-pter, the other to HSA5q13-qter. The findings suggest that 5q13 band may also be an evolutionary break point, similar to the one detected on HSA2q13. The microdissected human arm specific painting probes used in the present work provide more accurate and refined comparative information on pig and horse chromosomes than that available through the use of human whole chromosome specific paints.
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Publication Date: 1998-01-22 PubMed ID: 9434944DOI: 10.1007/s003359900677Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research focuses on using microdissected arm specific paints (ASPs) for specific human chromosomes in order to refine the understanding of homology among pig and horse chromosomes.

Experimental Method

  • The researchers used microdissected arm specific paints (ASPs) for human (HSA) chromosomes 2, 5, 6, 16, and 19 as probes on pig (SSC) and horse (ECA) metaphase chromosomes. Arm specific paints are fluorescent markers that allow individual chromosome arms, or parts of a chromosome, to be differentiated under a microscope.
  • The areas or regions that were homologous (similar due to being inherited from a common ancestor) to individual human arms were outlined in the pig and horse chromosomes.

Observations

  • Out of the ten arm specific paints used, the ASPs for human chromosomes HSA6 and 16 showed complete synteny conservation in both pig and horse. Synteny conservation refers to the preservation of blocks of order within two sets of chromosomes that are being compared. This means these chromosome arms have remained unchanged during evolution in all three species.
  • On the other hand, ASPs for HSA2 and HSA5 did not show this complete synteny conservation in pig and horse, suggesting a different evolutionary path for these chromosome arms.
  • HSA19 ASPs showed an intermediate trend of mostly maintaining synteny.

Findings

  • Chromosome HSA2 corresponded to two arms/chromosomes each in pig and horse. However, the breakpoint of this synteny in humans was not located at the centromere (the part where two chromatids are attached in a chromosome), but at HSA2q13 band. A band is a part of a chromosome which is clearly distinguishable from its adjacent segments by appearing darker or lighter under a microscope. This suggests a significant divergence in the evolutionary path of this chromosome arm.
  • ASPs for HSA5 showed that two different regions painted in pig and horse corresponded to different parts of the human HSA5 chromosome. This again suggests different evolutionary trajectories.
  • The findings suggest that the 5q13 band may also be an evolutionary break point, similar to the HSA2q13. An evolutionary break point is a location within the genome that is prone to breaking and reorganizing, leading to structural variation in the chromosome.

Implications

  • The microdissected human arm specific painting probes used in the present work provide more accurate and refined comparative information on pig and horse chromosomes.
  • This helps refine our understanding of chromosome structures and can provide further insights into mammalian evolution and potentially into genetic diseases.

Cite This Article

APA
Chaudhary R, Raudsepp T, Guan XY, Zhang H, Chowdhary BP. (1998). Zoo-FISH with microdissected arm specific paints for HSA2, 5, 6, 16, and 19 refines known homology with pig and horse chromosomes. Mamm Genome, 9(1), 44-49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003359900677

Publication

Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society
ISSN: 0938-8990
NlmUniqueID: 9100916
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Pages: 44-49

Researcher Affiliations

Chaudhary, R
  • Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
Raudsepp, T
    Guan, X Y
      Zhang, H
        Chowdhary, B P

          MeSH Terms

          • Animals
          • Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16
          • Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19
          • Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2
          • Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5
          • Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6
          • Horses / genetics
          • Humans
          • In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence / methods
          • Swine / genetics

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          Citations

          This article has been cited 9 times.
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          4. Raudsepp T, Chowdhary BP. Correspondence of human chromosomes 9, 12, 15, 16, 19 and 20 with donkey chromosomes refines homology between horse and donkey karyotypes.. Chromosome Res 2001;9(8):623-9.
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