FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 10000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Veterinary ophthalmology2023; 26(5); 452-457; doi: 10.1111/vop.13136

A case of lipogranulomatous conjunctivitis in a horse.

Abstract: To describe a case of lipogranulomatous conjunctivitis in a horse. Methods: A client-owned 12-year-old Standardbred gelding presenting with chronic conjunctivitis and palpebral masses. Methods: Complete ophthalmic examination, surgical excision, histopathology, and bacterial culture of biopsy samples were performed. Results: Upper and lower eyelids of both eyes were affected, with multiple yellow-to-white nodules on the palpebral conjunctiva, adjacent to the eyelid margin. Nodule removal was achieved via partial tarsal plate excision. Histopathological examination revealed granulomatous inflammation and large droplets of presumed free lipid in the conjunctival lamina propria. The animal was diagnosed with lipogranulomatous conjunctivitis. No postoperative ocular discomfort was observed for months; however, 3 years later, new conjunctival nodules were noticed, requiring a second surgical procedure on three of the eyelids. Transient entropion in the left lower eyelid was observed 2 months after the second surgery, and no recurrence of conjunctival nodules was observed after 18 months of follow-up. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first report of lipogranulomatous conjunctivitis in horses.
© 2023 The Authors. Veterinary Ophthalmology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2023-07-30 PubMed ID: 37517078DOI: 10.1111/vop.13136Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Case Reports
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

Objective

This study aimed to document a case where a horse was affected by lipogranulomatous conjunctivitis.

Animal Studied

The subject was a 12-year-old horse, specifically a Standardbred gelding, brought in due to long-standing inflammation of the eye (conjunctivitis) and growths on the eyelids (palpebral masses).

Methods Used

  • A thorough eye examination was conducted.
  • The growths were surgically removed.
  • Tissue samples from the removed growths were studied under a microscope (histopathology) and also tested for bacterial presence.

Results

  • The condition affected both the upper and lower eyelids of the horse’s eyes. There were multiple yellowish-to-white growths on the inside lining of the eyelids, close to where the eyelashes grow.
  • The nodules were removed surgically by excising part of the tarsal plate, which provides structure to the eyelid.
  • Examining the tissue samples under a microscope showed that there was inflammation where the body tries to wall off and contain certain substances (granulomatous inflammation). Large amounts of what appeared to be free fats (lipids) were found in the deeper layers of the conjunctiva (conjunctival lamina propria).
  • The horse was thus diagnosed with lipogranulomatous conjunctivitis.
  • After the surgery, the horse did not show any signs of eye discomfort for several months. But, three years later, new growths appeared, which necessitated another surgery on three of the eyelids. Two months after this second surgery, the lower left eyelid temporarily turned inward (transient entropion). No new growths were seen for 18 months after this.

Conclusion

Based on available records, this is the first time lipogranulomatous conjunctivitis has been reported in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Jondeau C, Guyonnet A, Losada A, Laloy E, Reyes-Gomez E, Le Dudal M, Chahory S. (2023). A case of lipogranulomatous conjunctivitis in a horse. Vet Ophthalmol, 26(5), 452-457. https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.13136

Publication

Veterinary ophthalmology
ISSN: 1463-5224
NlmUniqueID: 100887377
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 26
Issue: 5
Pages: 452-457

Researcher Affiliations

Jondeau, C
  • Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, CHUVA, Unité d'Ophtalmologie, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Guyonnet, A
  • Centre Hospitalier Vétérinaire Atlantia, Unité d'Ophtalmologie, Nantes, France.
Losada, A
  • Clinique Vétérinaire Equine du Grand Renaud, Saint Saturnin, France.
Laloy, E
  • Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Unité d'Histologie et d'Anatomie pathologique, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Reyes-Gomez, E
  • Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Unité d'Histologie et d'Anatomie pathologique, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Le Dudal, M
  • Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Unité d'Histologie et d'Anatomie pathologique, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Chahory, S
  • Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, CHUVA, Unité d'Ophtalmologie, Maisons-Alfort, France.

MeSH Terms

  • Horses
  • Male
  • Animals
  • Eyelids / surgery
  • Conjunctivitis / diagnosis
  • Conjunctivitis / veterinary
  • Conjunctiva / pathology
  • Entropion / surgery
  • Entropion / veterinary
  • Granuloma / pathology
  • Granuloma / veterinary
  • Horse Diseases / diagnosis
  • Horse Diseases / surgery
  • Horse Diseases / pathology

References

This article includes 39 references
  1. Read RA, Lucas J. Lipogranulomatous conjunctivitis: clinical findings from 21 eyes in 13 cats. Vet Ophthalmol 2001;4(2):93-98.
    doi: 10.1046/j.1463-5224.2001.00176.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  2. Kerlin RL, Dubielzig RR. Lipogranulomatous conjunctivitis in cats. Vet Comp Ophthalmol USA 1997;7:177-179.
  3. Barlaam A, Traversa D, Papini R, Giangaspero A. Habronematidosis in equids: current status, advances, future challenges. Front Vet Sci 2020;7:358.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00358google scholar: lookup
  4. Gasthuys FM, van Heerden M, Vercruysse J. Conjunctival habronemiosis in a horse in Belgium. Vet Rec 2004;154(24):757-758.
    doi: 10.1136/vr.154.24.757google scholar: lookup
  5. Rebhun WC, Mirro EJ, Georgi ME, Kern TJ. Habronemic blepharoconjunctivitis in horses. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1981;179(5):469-472.
  6. Verhaar N, Hermans H, van Rooij E, van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan MS, Ensink J. Case series: periocular habronemiasis in five horses in The Netherlands. Vet Rec 2018;182(26):746.
    doi: 10.1136/vr.104265google scholar: lookup
  7. Østevik L, Gunnes G, de Souza GA, Wien TN, Sørby R. Nasal and ocular amyloidosis in a 15-year-old horse. Acta Vet Scand 2014;56(1):50.
    doi: 10.1186/s13028-014-0050-6google scholar: lookup
  8. Mould JR, Munroe GA, Eckersall PD, Conner JG, McNeil PE. Conjunctival and nasal amyloidosis in a horse. Equine Vet J Suppl 1990;10:8-11.
    doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1990.tb04701.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  9. Stoppini R, Gilger BC, Malarkey DE, Ratto A, Brigati G. Bilateral nodular lymphocytic conjunctivitis in a horse. Vet Ophthalmol 2005;8(2):129-134.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1463-5224.2005.00349.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  10. Moore CP, Grevan VL, Champagne ES, Collins BK, Collier LL. Equine conjunctival pseudotumors. Vet Ophthalmol 2000;3(2-3):57-63.
    doi: 10.1046/j.1463-5224.2000.00135.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  11. Saroglu M, Aktas M, Olgun D, Arun SS. Limbal pseudotumor in a cob pony. Vet Ophthalmol 2005;8(2):135-138.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1463-5224.2005.00350.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  12. Byam-Cook KL, Henson FMD, Slater JD. Treatment of periocular and non-ocular sarcoids in 18 horses by interstitial brachytherapy with iridium-192. Vet Rec 2006;159(11):337-341.
    doi: 10.1136/vr.159.11.337google scholar: lookup
  13. Giraldo A, Pinard CL, Plattner BL, Dubois MS. Periocular sarcoid with bone invasion in a thoroughbred mare. Can Vet J Rev Veterinaire Can 2020;61(4):415-419.
  14. Knottenbelt DC, Kelly DF. The diagnosis and treatment of periorbital sarcoid in the horse: 445 cases from 1974 to 1999. Vet Ophthalmol 2000;3(2-3):169-191.
    doi: 10.1046/j.1463-5224.2000.3230169.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  15. Komáromy AM, Andrew SE, Brooks DE, Detrisac CJ, Gelatt KN. Periocular sarcoid in a horse. Vet Ophthalmol 2004;7(3):141-146.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1463-5224.2004.04027.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  16. Lavach JD, Sullins KE, Roberts SM, Severin GA, Wheeler C, Lueker DC. BCG treatment of periocular sarcoid. Equine Vet J 1985;17(6):445-448.
    doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1985.tb02552.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  17. Lavach JD, Severin GA, Lueker D. Immunotherapy of periocular sarcoids in horses. Vet Clin North Am Large Anim Pract 1984;6(3):513-518.
    doi: 10.1016/s0196-9846(17)30007-1google scholar: lookup
  18. Owen RA, Jagger DW. Clinical observations on the use of BCG cell wall fraction for treatment of periocular and other equine sarcoids. Vet Rec 1987;120(23):548-552.
    doi: 10.1136/vr.120.23.548google scholar: lookup
  19. Lavach JD, Severin GA. Neoplasia of the equine eye, adnexa, and orbit: a review of 68 cases. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1977;170(2):202-203.
  20. Dugan SJ, Roberts SM, Curtis CR, Severin GA. Prognostic factors and survival of horses with ocular/adnexal squamous cell carcinoma: 147 cases (1978-1988). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1991;198(2):298-303.
  21. King TC, Priehs DR, Gum GG, Miller TR. Therapeutic management of ocular squamous cell carcinoma in the horse: 43 cases (1979-1989). Equine Vet J 1991;23(6):449-452.
    doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1991.tb03759.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  22. Schwink K. Factors influencing morbidity and outcome of equine ocular squamous cell carcinoma. Equine Vet J 1987;19(3):198-200.
    doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1987.tb01378.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  23. Stein L, Sledge D, Smedley R, Kiupel M, Thaiwong T. Squamous cell carcinoma with clear cell differentiation in an equine eyelid. J Vet Diagn Investig off Publ Am Assoc Vet Lab Diagn Inc 2019;31(2):259-262.
    doi: 10.1177/1040638718824377google scholar: lookup
  24. Rebhun WC, Bertone A. Equine lymphosarcoma. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1984;184(6):720-721.
  25. Glaze MB, Gossett KA, McCoy DJ, Kreeger JM. A case of equine adnexal lymphosarcoma. Equine Vet J Suppl 1990;10:83-84.
    doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1990.tb04719.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  26. Fleury C, Bérard F, Balme B, Thomas L. The study of cutaneous melanomas in Camargue-type gray-skinned horses (1): clinical-pathological characterization. Pigment Cell Res 2000;13(1):39-46.
    doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0749.2000.130108.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  27. Flores AR, Azinhaga A, Pais E. Equine ocular mast cell tumor: histopathological and immunohistochemical description. J Equine Sci 2017;28(4):149-152.
    doi: 10.1294/jes.28.149google scholar: lookup
  28. Hum S, Bowers JR. Ocular mastocytosis in a horse. Aust Vet J 1989;66(1):32.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1989.tb09712.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  29. Vestre WA, Turner TA, Carlton WW. Conjunctival hemangioma in a horse. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1982;180(12):1481-1482.
  30. Bolton JR, Lees MJ, Robinson WF, Thomas JB, Klein KT. Ocular neoplasms of vascular origin in the horse. Equine Vet J Suppl 1990;10:73-75.
    doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1990.tb04717.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  31. Hacker DV, Moore PF, Buyukmihci NC. Ocular angiosarcoma in four horses. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1986;189(2):200-203.
  32. Stades FC, van der Woerdt A. Disease and surgery of the canine eyelid. In: Kirk N, ed. Veterinary Ophthalmology. Vol 1. 6th ed. Wiley Blackwell; 2021:971.
  33. Palella Gómez A, Mazzucchelli S, Scurrell E, Smith K, Pinheiro de Lacerda R. Evaluation of partial tarsal plate excision using a transconjunctival approach for the treatment of distichiasis in dogs. Vet Ophthalmol 2020;23(3):506-514.
    doi: 10.1111/vop.12748google scholar: lookup
  34. Bedford PG. Distichiasis and its treatment by the method of partial tarsal plate excision. J Small Anim Pract 1973;14(1):1-5.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.1973.tb06889.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  35. Monclin SJ, Farnir F, Grauwels M. Determination of tear break-up time reference values and ocular tolerance of tetracaine hydrochloride eyedops in healthy horses. Equine Vet J 2011;43(1):74-77.
    doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00119.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  36. Peruccio C. Diagnostic and therapeutic approach to diseases of lacrimal functional unit and ocular surface in dogs and cats. Vet Cremona 2018;32(1):7-26.
  37. Viñas M, Maggio F, D'Anna N, Rabozzi R, Peruccio C. Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), as diagnosed by non-contact infrared Meibography, in dogs with ocular surface disorders (OSD): a retrospective study. BMC Vet Res 2019;15(1):443.
    doi: 10.1186/s12917-019-2203-3google scholar: lookup
  38. Kim Y, Kang S, Kim S, Shim J, Go S, Seo K. Reference values for selected dry eye tests in normal beagle dogs: a pilot study. J Vet Sci 2021;23(1):e10.
    doi: 10.4142/jvs.21169google scholar: lookup
  39. Cattaneo A, Peruccio C, Guandalini A. Preliminary Observations of Ocular Surface Disorders in Horses Diagnosed with Keratitis and Examined with OSA-Vet. Oral presentation presented at ECVO meeting. 2022.

Citations

This article has been cited 0 times.
Subscribe to our newsletter
Join 100,151 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.