A comparison of ELISA, FAST-ELISA and gel diffusion tests for detecting antibody to equine infectious anaemia virus.
Abstract: Sera of sixteen horses with clinical signs of EIA from six different outbreaks and sera of 100 uninfected horses were used to validate an ELISA for EIA diagnosis. The antigen used was a recombinant protein derived from the amino-terminal portion of the transmembrane envelope protein of EIA (gp45). Reactivity between positive and negative sera could be clearly distinguished. Comparison with the traditional agar gel immunodiffusion test (commonly called the Coggins test) showed that the ELISA was superior in sensitivity. Comparison of this ELISA with the FAST-ELISA system showed that the latter was less sensitive. Although the FAST-ELISA was much faster to perform, it could not be recommended as a diagnostic test in its present form, because the margin between reactivity by a positive serum and a negative serum was not high.
Publication Date: 1993-01-01 PubMed ID: 8383374DOI: 10.1016/0378-1135(93)90002-oGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Antibodies
- Antigen
- Clinical Study
- Comparative Study
- Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Technique
- Disease Diagnosis
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
- Epidemiology
- Equine Diseases
- Equine Health
- Equine Infectious Anemia
- Horses
- Immunology
- Infection
- Infectious Disease
- Laboratory Methods
- Serology
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Research
- Virus
Summary
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The research article assesses the effectiveness of different antibody detection tests for diagnosing equine infectious anemia (EIA), stating that Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) shows increased sensitivity in comparison to other methods.
Review of Tested Methods
- The three test methods evaluated in this study were ELISA, FAST-ELISA, and agar gel immunodiffusion tests, commonly known as the Coggins test.
- These tests were performed on sera from 16 horses showing clinical signs of EIA and 100 uninfected horses (the control group).
- The researchers used an antigen, a recombinant protein derived from the amino-terminal portion of the EIA virus transmembrane envelope protein (gp45), in the testing procedures.
Comparative Analysis
- Through this testing, it was observed that the reactivity between positive and negative sera could be clearly distinguished with the ELISA method.
- When the ELISA method was compared to the Coggins test, it was found to be more sensitive, implying it was more reliable in detecting presence/absence of EIA virus antibodies.
- The findings also highlighted a comparison between the standard ELISA and FAST-ELISA systems.
Findings about FAST-ELISA
- Although the FAST-ELISA system was faster to execute, it displayed less sensitivity than the standard ELISA method.
- The margin between the reactivity shown by a positive serum and a negative serum was not pronounced in the FAST-ELISA system, making it difficult to reliably discern negative and positive cases.
- Consequently, the researchers advised against using the FAST-ELISA as a diagnostic test in its present form and recommended further refinements.
Cite This Article
APA
Lew AM, Thomas LM, Huntington PJ.
(1993).
A comparison of ELISA, FAST-ELISA and gel diffusion tests for detecting antibody to equine infectious anaemia virus.
Vet Microbiol, 34(1), 1-5.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-1135(93)90002-o Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, PO Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Vic., Australia.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral / isolation & purification
- Disease Outbreaks / veterinary
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / methods
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / veterinary
- Equine Infectious Anemia / blood
- Equine Infectious Anemia / diagnosis
- Equine Infectious Anemia / epidemiology
- Horses
- Immunodiffusion / veterinary
- Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine / isolation & purification
Citations
This article has been cited 4 times.- Zhang J, Cui D, Zuo Y, Zheng Z, Wu F, Li W, Zhang Y, Huo S, Li N, Li L, Guan Y, Zhong F. Donkey-derived anti-CDV IgG, as a passive immunotherapy agent, can effectively increase survival rates of the experimental CDV-infected dogs. BMC Vet Res 2021 Aug 6;17(1):266.
- Nardini R, Autorino GL, Issel CJ, Cook RF, Ricci I, Frontoso R, Rosone F, Scicluna MT. Evaluation of six serological ELISA kits available in Italy as screening tests for equine infectious anaemia surveillance. BMC Vet Res 2017 Apr 14;13(1):105.
- Albayrak H, Ozan E. Serosurveillance for equine infectious anaemia in the Ardahan province of Turkey. Trop Anim Health Prod 2010 Dec;42(8):1593-5.
- Paré J, Simard C. Comparison of commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and agar gel immunodiffusion tests for the serodiagnosis of equine infectious anemia. Can J Vet Res 2004 Oct;68(4):254-8.
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