A Comparison of Multiple Allergen Simultaneous Tests Using Allergen-Specific IgE Concentration and Intradermal Skin Tests in Atopic Horses With Pollen Allergy.
Abstract: Intradermal tests (IDTs) and measurement of specific immunoglobulin E class (sIgE) levels in sera are the most common and reliable methods used in allergological clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to explore the sensitization of pollen allergy in atopic horses with pollinosis and to assess the diagnostic value of the multiple allergen simultaneous tests (MASTs) compared with that of the IDT. Twenty-one Malopolski horses with typical skin hypersensitivity symptoms during pollen seasons were enrolled. Intradermal tests were performed, and allergen-specific IgE concentrations in sera were measured using a monoclonal anti-IgE antibody to pollens of grass, weeds, trees, and cultivated plants. The highest sensitization rate was for Secale cereale (IDT, 76%; MAST, 66.7%), grass (IDT, 71%; MAST, 57%), and Brassica napus (IDT, 52.4%; MAST, 57%). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) showed that Betula spp., Alnus spp., and Corylus spp. had the highest AUC at 0.854, followed by Secale cereale (AUC = 0.796), Plantago lanceolata (AUC = 0.726), Brassica napus (AUC = 0.704), and a grass allergen mixture (AUC = 0.695). The mean AUC for all allergens was 0.712 (0.604-0.867). The overall sensitivity of the sIgE plant horse panel was 78% (range, 68%-90%), the specificity was 86.3% (range, 64%-100%), and the accuracy was 79% (range, 64%-87%). Statistical kappa (κ) agreement between the MAST and IDT was reached for tree (κ = 0.767), rye (κ = 0.687), colza (κ = 0.671), and grass (κ = 0.664) pollen. The MAST showed a favorable agreement with the IDT and can be used for the detection of sIgE in atopic horses with pollinosis.
Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2020-03-17 PubMed ID: 32534770DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2020.102992Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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The research shows that Multiple Allergen Simultaneous Tests (MASTs) have potential for diagnosing pollen allergy in atopic horses, with comparable results to Intradermal tests (IDTs). The study included 21 Malopolski horses showing skin hypersensitivity symptoms during pollen season.
The Allergy Diagnosis Methods
- The research used two main diagnostic tools for identifying allergies in horses: IDTs and MASTs.
- Both techniques aim at analyzing the body’s immunological response to specific allergies.
- An Intradermal Test (IDT) involves injections of allergens into the skin and observing for reactions. In contrast, a MAST involves measuring the concentration of specific immunoglobulin E class (sIgE) in the blood serum, which will elevate in response to an allergy.
Research Methodology and Findings
- Researchers conducted both Intradermal tests and measured allergen-specific IgE concentrations in the horses’ serum in response to pollens from grass, weeds, trees, and cultivated plants.
- The results displayed a higher sensitization rate for Secale cereale (rye), grass, and Brassica napus (rapeseed) using both testing methods. Specifically, rye and grass showed stronger reactions in IDTs, while Brassica napus was equally responsive in both tests.
- Advanced statistics, namely Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, showed some allergens exhibited higher values, signifying a more accurate test result. Notably, the pollens from Betula spp. (birch), Alnus spp. (alder), and Corylus spp. (hazel) presented the highest AUC scores, followed by rye, Plantago lanceolata (common plantain), Brassica napus (rapeseed), and a mixture of grass allergens.
Comparison and Agreement between MAST and IDT
- The study observed strong statistical agreement, represented by the Kendall’s kappa (κ), between the MAST and IDT results for tree, rye, Brassica napus, and grass pollen. This demonstrated good consistency between the two methods.
- The MAST was found to be 78% sensitive and 86.3% specific for the detection of allergen-specific IgE in the atopic horses, with an accuracy of 79%.
- This suggests that MAST can be a reliable alternative to IDTs for diagnosing pollen allergies in horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Wilkołek P, Szczepanik M, Rodzik B, Sitkowski W, Pluta M, Taszkun I, Gołyński M.
(2020).
A Comparison of Multiple Allergen Simultaneous Tests Using Allergen-Specific IgE Concentration and Intradermal Skin Tests in Atopic Horses With Pollen Allergy.
J Equine Vet Sci, 90, 102992.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2020.102992 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Sub-Department of Diagnostics and Veterinary Dermatology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 30, 20-612 Lublin, Poland. Electronic address: pwilku@poczta.onet.pl.
- Sub-Department of Diagnostics and Veterinary Dermatology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 30, 20-612 Lublin, Poland.
- Institute of Mathematics, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland.
- Sub-Department of Diagnostics and Veterinary Dermatology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 30, 20-612 Lublin, Poland.
- Equine Breeding and Management Unit, Department of Biology and Animal Breeding,University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
- Sub-Department of Diagnostics and Veterinary Dermatology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 30, 20-612 Lublin, Poland.
- Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Torun, Poland.
MeSH Terms
- Allergens
- Animals
- Horse Diseases
- Horses
- Immunoglobulin E
- Intradermal Tests / veterinary
- Pollen
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / diagnosis
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / veterinary
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