A Fast PCR Test for the Simultaneous Identification of Species and Gender in Horses, Donkeys, Mules and Hinnies.
Abstract: Having considered that the current methods are costly and time-consuming, we designed an only 3 pairs primer-based PCR test to accurately identify the species and gender in horses, donkeys, mules and hinnies. Through a thorough sequence comparison between horse and donkey's highly similar genomes, and a vast amount of preliminary confirmation, we found that three fragments, CNGB3 gene on an autosome, displacement loop region on mitochondrial DNA and SRY genes on chromosome Y, within these equine DNA, are enough to enable us achieving our goal. The PCR test described here would be an economical, fast and accurate alternative for the most commonly-used methods, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, microsatellite assay, and sequencing.
Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Publication Date: 2021-04-27 PubMed ID: 34119210DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103458Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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The researchers have developed a fast, economical PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) test capable of identifying the species and gender of equines (horses, donkeys, mules, and hinnies). The method utilizes three specific gene fragments from each equine’s DNA, distinguishes them more effectively than current detection methods.
Research Context
- This research is carried out in response to the existing costly and time-consuming methods of identifying species and gender in equines. There was a need for a more economical and faster solution.
- The targeted animals for identification are horses, donkeys, mules, and hinnies, primarily because of highly similar genomes between them, which makes specific identification a challenge.
- The other identification methods mentioned include polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, microsatellite assay, and sequencing. Despite their widespread use, they are more complex and time-consuming.
Research Process
- The researchers carry out an extensive comparison of horse and donkey DNA sequences. The two animals have very similar genomes, so identifying differences was crucial for distinctive identification.
- The method mainly involves using a PCR test with only three pairs of primers, which helps to uniquely identify each species and their gender.
Key Findings
- The scientists found three specific DNA fragments in these equines that enabled accurate identification. These were the CNGB3 gene present on an autosome, a displacement loop region on mitochondrial DNA, and SRY genes on the Y chromosome. The combination of these fragments could clear indicate the species and gender of the equines.
- The new method is demonstrated to be a much faster and economical way to identify equines, promising to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of equine identification in practice.
Conclusion and Implications
- The research findings provide a more efficient, time-saving, and cost-effective solution for identifying equine species and their genders.
- This new method could potentially replace widespread methods simplifying the process of equine identification and gene testing in the biological and veterinary sciences.
Cite This Article
APA
Wang X, Bou G, Zhang X, Tao L, Shen Y, Na R, Liu G, Ren H, Ren X, Song L, Su S, Bai D, Zhao Y, Li B, Dugarjaviin M.
(2021).
A Fast PCR Test for the Simultaneous Identification of Species and Gender in Horses, Donkeys, Mules and Hinnies.
J Equine Vet Sci, 102, 103458.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103458 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- College of animal science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
- College of animal science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
- College of animal science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
- College of animal science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
- College of animal science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
- College of animal science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
- College of animal science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China; College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Ecological Feeding of Black Donkey, Shandong Donkey Industry Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, China.
- College of animal science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China; Vocational and Technical College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
- College of animal science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
- College of animal science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
- College of animal science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
- College of animal science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
- College of animal science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
- College of animal science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
- College of animal science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Equine Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China. Electronic address: dmanglai@163.com.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Equidae / genetics
- Horses / genetics
- Microsatellite Repeats / genetics
- Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary
- Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
- Y Chromosome
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