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Home / Equine Research Bank / Biology (Basel) / A Genetic Make Up of Italian Lipizzan Horse Through Uniparen...
Biology2024; 13(12); 1087; doi: 10.3390/biology13121087

A Genetic Make Up of Italian Lipizzan Horse Through Uniparental Markers to Preserve Historical Pedigrees.

Abstract: Lipizzan is a famous horse breed dating back to 1580 when the original stud of Lipica was established by the Hasburg Archduke Charles II. Currently, the Italian State Stud of Lipizzan Horses (ASCAL) is a conservation nucleus managed through strict mating rules where mitochondrial DNA sequences are used to verify the correct assignment of mares to a historical pedigree maternal lineage. Here, we analyzed the D-loop sequences of Lipizzan horses from the ASCAL in Monterotondo (Rome, Italy) in order to confirm their pedigree assignment to known female founder families. The concurrent investigation of the paternal counterpart based on variation in the male-specific region of the Y chromosome (MSY) showed a prevalence of HT02 (80%), typical of the Neapolitan/Oriental wave. The mtDNA polymorphisms identified shaped nine haplotypes that were unequivocally assigned to each of nine classical mare families of the stud (Africa, Almerina, Argentina, Deflorata, Djebrin, Fistula, Ivanka, Sardinia, Spadiglia), while the Europa and Theodorosta families shared a tenth haplotype. New polymorphisms were identified in a not previously studied region (np 16100-16350). The mtDNA phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Lipizzans of the Monterotondo stud belong to six haplogroups (B, C, G, L, M, Q), out of the 18 recorded for the equine species. This work enabled us to identify and preserve ten haplotypes from the historical maternal lines in a small stud kept in genetic segregation for over 100 years.
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Publication Date: 2024-12-23 PubMed ID: 39765754PubMed Central: PMC11673153DOI: 10.3390/biology13121087Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

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The research article mainly deals with the genetic investigation of the Italian Lipizzan horse breed, particularly focusing on confirming the pedigree assignment to known female founder families and understanding the paternal lineage based on Y chromosome variation.

Background

  • The Lipizzan is a celebrated breed of horse with roots tracing back to 1580, cultivated through the establishment of the original stud of Lipica by Hasburg Archduke Charles II.
  • The Italian State Stud of Lipizzan Horses (ASCAL) at Monterotondo, Rome, is a conservation nucleus where strict mating rules are implemented, employing mitochondrial DNA sequences to certify the correct assignment of mares to historical pedigree maternal lineages.

Aim of Research

  • The purpose of this research was to analyze the D-loop sequences of Lipizzan horses from the ASCAL in Monterotondo in order to verify their pedigree assignment to known female founder families.
  • The research also aimed to examine the paternal lineage of the horses by focusing on the variation in the male-specific region of the Y chromosome (MSY).

Findings

  • The investigation revealed a prevalence of HT02 (80%), typical of the Neapolitan/Oriental wave, indicating that the most common paternal lineage among the studied horses belongs to this group.
  • The mtDNA polymorphisms identified resulted in nine different haplotypes, each being linked to the nine classical mare families of the stud (Africa, Almerina, Argentina, Deflorata, Djebrin, Fistula, Ivanka, Sardinia, Spadiglia).
  • The Europa and Theodorosta families, on the other hand, shared a tenth haplotype that was identified in this study.
  • New polymorphisms were identified in a not previously studied region (np 16100-16350).
  • The mtDNA phylogenetic analysis ascertained that the Lipizzans of the Monterotondo stud belong to six haplogroups (B, C, G, L, M, Q) out of the 18 recorded for the equine species.

Conclusion

  • Through this research, ten distinct haplotypes from historical maternal lines, which have been kept in genetic segregation for over a century, were identified and preserved in the stud.
  • These findings contribute significantly to the ongoing efforts to conserve and understand the genetic makeup of the Lipizzan horse breed.

Cite This Article

APA
Crisà A, Cardinali I, Giontella A, Silvestrelli M, Lancioni H, Buttazzoni L. (2024). A Genetic Make Up of Italian Lipizzan Horse Through Uniparental Markers to Preserve Historical Pedigrees. Biology (Basel), 13(12), 1087. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13121087

Publication

Biology
ISSN: 2079-7737
NlmUniqueID: 101587988
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 13
Issue: 12
PII: 1087

Researcher Affiliations

Crisà, Alessandra
  • Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA), Research Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture, Via Salaria 31, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy.
Cardinali, Irene
  • Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
Giontella, Andrea
  • Centro di Studio del Cavallo Sportivo, Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Perugia, Via S. Costanzo, 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
Silvestrelli, Maurizio
  • Centro di Studio del Cavallo Sportivo, Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Perugia, Via S. Costanzo, 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
Lancioni, Hovirag
  • Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
Buttazzoni, Luca
  • Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA), Research Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture, Via Salaria 31, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy.

Grant Funding

  • Decree n.273791 (26/05/2023) / Italian Ministry of Agriculture, Food Sovereignty and Forestry (MASAF)
  • Decree n. 1032 (06/17/2022) / Italian Ministry of University and Research (MUR)
  • PRIN2022 2022SNEBJY / Italian Ministry of University and Research (MUR)

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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