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BMC veterinary research2021; 17(1); 346; doi: 10.1186/s12917-021-03058-7

A pilot study evaluating the Calibrated Automated Thrombogram assay and application of plasma-thromboelastography for detection of hemostatic aberrations in horses with gastrointestinal disease.

Abstract: Critically ill horses, such as horses with gastrointestinal (GI) disease, often suffer from hemostatic aberrations. Global hemostatic tests examining the initiation of coagulation, clot strength and fibrinolysis, such as the Calibrated Automated Thrombogram (CAT) and plasma-thromboelastography (TEG) have not been evaluated in horses. This study aimed to evaluate CAT and apply plasma-TEG in horses. Test performance of CAT was evaluated on equine platelet poor plasma with intra- and inter-assay variability (CV) and a heparin dilution curve. To examine clinical performance of both tests, group comparisons were assessed comparing healthy horses, horses with mild and severe GI disease with both CAT and plasma-TEG. Results: For CAT, intra- and inter-assay CVs were established for lag-time (1.7, 4.7%), endogenous thrombin potential (1.6, 4.6%), peak (2.6, 3.9%) and time to peak (ttPeak) (1.9, 3.4%). Increasing heparin concentrations led to the expected decrease in thrombin generation. In the group comparison analysis, CAT showed significant higher peak (p = 0.04) and ttPeak (p = 0.008) in the severe GI disease group compared to horses with mild GI disease and healthy horses, respectively. Plasma-TEG showed an increased angle (p = 0.032), maximum amplitude (p = 0.017) and shear elastic force (G) (p = 0.017) in the severe GI disease group compared to healthy horses. Conclusions: CAT performed well in horses. Both CAT and plasma-TEG identified hemostatic aberrations in horses with severe GI disease compared to healthy horses. Further studies including more horses, are needed to fully appreciate the use of CAT and plasma-TEG in this species.
© 2021. The Author(s).
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Publication Date: 2021-11-08 PubMed ID: 34749707PubMed Central: PMC8573990DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-03058-7Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigates the use of two hemostatic tests – the Calibrated Automated Thrombogram (CAT) and plasma-thromboelastography (TEG) – for identifying coagulation problems in horses with gastrointestinal (GI) disease. The study concludes that both tests effectively detected hemostatic aberrations in critically ill horses compared to healthy ones, indicating their potential application in veterinary science.

Methodology

  • The researchers evaluated the performance of CAT on equine platelet poor plasma and measured intra- and inter-assay variability, as well as creating a heparin dilution curve.
  • Both CAT and plasma-TEG tests were used in group comparisons, which included healthy horses and horses with mild and severe GI diseases.

Results

  • For the CAT test, the researchers were able to establish intra- and inter-assay CVs for different metrics including lag-time, endogenous thrombin potential, peak, and time to peak (ttPeak).
  • The study observed that increasing concentrations of heparin, an anticoagulant, unsurprisingly resulted in a decrease in thrombin generation.
  • When comparing groups, the CAT test showed a significantly higher peak and time to peak in the severe GI disease group compared to both the mild GI disease group and the healthy group.
  • Similar observations were made using the plasma-TEG test: the severe GI disease group showed an increase in the angle, maximum amplitude, and shear elastic force (G) compared to the healthy group.

Conclusion

  • The performance of the CAT test in horses was satisfactory, indicating the test’s applicability in this species.
  • Both CAT and plasma-TEG tests successfully identified hemostatic aberrations in horses with severe GI disease compared to healthy animals.
  • The researchers recommend more extensive studies with larger horse populations to better understand and validate the use of CAT and plasma-TEG tests in this species.

Cite This Article

APA
Honoré ML, Pihl TH, Nielsen LN. (2021). A pilot study evaluating the Calibrated Automated Thrombogram assay and application of plasma-thromboelastography for detection of hemostatic aberrations in horses with gastrointestinal disease. BMC Vet Res, 17(1), 346. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-03058-7

Publication

BMC veterinary research
ISSN: 1746-6148
NlmUniqueID: 101249759
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 17
Issue: 1
Pages: 346
PII: 346

Researcher Affiliations

Honoré, Marie Louise
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (SUND), University of Copenhagen, Hoejbakkegaard Allé 5a, 2630, Taastrup, Denmark. mlhj@sund.ku.dk.
Pihl, Tina Holberg
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (SUND), University of Copenhagen, Hoejbakkegaard Allé 5a, 2630, Taastrup, Denmark.
Nielsen, Lise Nikolic
  • Section for Internal Medicine, Oncology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences (SUND), University of Copenhagen, Dyrlaegevej 16, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Blood Coagulation Tests / methods
  • Blood Coagulation Tests / veterinary
  • Female
  • Gastrointestinal Diseases / blood
  • Gastrointestinal Diseases / veterinary
  • Hemostasis
  • Horse Diseases / blood
  • Horses
  • Male
  • Pilot Projects
  • Thrombelastography / methods
  • Thrombelastography / veterinary

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. Honoré ML, Pihl TH, Busk-Anderson TM, Flintrup LL, Nielsen LN. Investigation of two different human d-dimer assays in the horse. BMC Vet Res 2022 Jun 15;18(1):227.
    doi: 10.1186/s12917-022-03313-5pubmed: 35705958google scholar: lookup
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