A retrospective analysis of renal carcinoma in the horse.
Abstract: Renal carcinoma is a rare tumor of horses. Objective: Presenting complaints and clinical signs of this disease are vague and early diagnosis increases survival time. Methods: Data were collected from the medical records of 4 horses presented to Washington State University as well as the 23 previously published case reports of horses with renal carcinoma. Methods: Retrospective study. Results: Renal carcinoma affects horses of all ages with most cases observed in geldings and Thoroughbreds. The most common presenting complaints are nonspecific and usually do not occur until late in the course of the disease. Routine laboratory results generally are unremarkable with no evidence of renal dysfunction. Urine and peritoneal fluid analyses are consistently abnormal, but the changes usually are nonspecific. Rectal palpation often allows detection of an abnormal kidney or a mass in the area of the kidney. Renal ultrasound examination is the most rewarding imaging procedure, and when combined with renal biopsy, antemortem diagnosis can be achieved. Renal carcinoma is both locally invasive and metastatic, necessitating careful staging for metastasis using thoracic radiography and abdominal ultrasound examination. If the tumor is localized to 1 kidney, nephrectomy is the treatment of choice. No chemotherapy or radiation treatment for renal carcinoma has been reported in the horse. Median survival for this series of cases was 11 days (0 days-1 year). Conclusions: Prognosis is poor to grave.
Publication Date: 2009-05-30 PubMed ID: 19496911DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2009.0326.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research investigates the occurrence and diagnosis of renal carcinoma (a rare kidney tumor) in horses. Using medical records and previous case studies, it concludes that while diagnostic methods are available, prognosis is invariably poor due to the disease’s late development symptoms and its invasive nature.
Study Objective and Methods
- The study aims to understand the manifestations, diagnosis, and prognosis of renal carcinoma in horses. This rare condition doesn’t show specific symptoms early on, complicating its detection and treatment.
- To achieve its objective, the researchers conducted a retrospective analysis of the disease using existing medical records of four horses treated at Washington State University along with 23 previous case reports.
Key Findings
- The study found that renal carcinoma can affect horses of any age, but it is most common in geldings and Thoroughbreds.
- Its symptoms are generally nonspecific and typically surface only in the late stages of the disease. Therefore, regular checkup results do not frequently identify renal dysfunction.
- The analysis results of urine and peritoneal fluid are continually irregular, yet these alterations are nonspecific.
- Rectal palpation can often detect an irregular kidney or a mass near the kidney area. More rewarding diagnostic procedures include renal ultrasound examination combined with renal biopsy, which can offer an antemortem diagnosis.
- The disease is both locally invasive and metastatic, necessitating careful staging for metastasis using thoracic radiography and abdominal ultrasound examination.
- If the cancer is limited to a single kidney, nephrectomy (surgical removal of the kidney) is the preferred treatment method. No chemotherapy or radiation treatment has been reported to treat renal carcinoma in horses.
Survival and Prognosis
- The analysis showed a median survival rate of 11 days following diagnosis, ranging between zero days and one year.
- The prognosis for horses with renal carcinoma is generally poor to grave, presumably due to the late-stage manifestation of discernable symptoms and the aggressive nature of the disease.
Cite This Article
APA
Wise LN, Bryan JN, Sellon DC, Hines MT, Ramsay J, Seino KK.
(2009).
A retrospective analysis of renal carcinoma in the horse.
J Vet Intern Med, 23(4), 913-918.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2009.0326.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA. nwise@vetmed.wsu.edu
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell / diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell / pathology
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell / therapy
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell / veterinary
- Horse Diseases / diagnosis
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horse Diseases / therapy
- Horses
- Kidney Neoplasms / diagnosis
- Kidney Neoplasms / pathology
- Kidney Neoplasms / therapy
- Kidney Neoplasms / veterinary
- Retrospective Studies
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Brinker EJ, Ceriotti S, Naskou MC, Spangler EA, Groover ES, Neto RLALT. Cancer of unknown primary in a mare: case report and comparative pathology review.. J Vet Diagn Invest 2021 Nov;33(6):1142-1146.
- Samuelson JP, Echeverria KO, Foreman JH, Fredrickson RL, Sauberli D, Whiteley HE. Metastatic myxosarcoma in a Quarter Horse gelding.. J Vet Diagn Invest 2018 Jan;30(1):121-125.
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