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Journal of equine science2019; 30(2); 25-31; doi: 10.1294/jes.30.25

A retrospective comparison of induction with thiopental/guaifenesin and propofol/ketamine in Thoroughbred racehorses anesthetized with sevoflurane and medetomidine during arthroscopic surgery.

Abstract: This study compares clinical characteristics between induction with thiopental/guaifenesin and propofol/ketamine in Thoroughbred racehorses anesthetized with sevoflurane and medetomidine. Clinical records of 214 horses that underwent arthroscopic surgery between 2015 and 2016 were retrospectively retrieved. Horses were premedicated with medetomidine and midazolam to sedate at the adequate level for smooth induction, and then induced with either thiopental (4.0 mg/kg) and guaifenesin (100 mg/kg) in Group TG (n=91) or propofol (1.0 mg/kg) and ketamine (1.0 mg/kg) in Group PK (n=123). Anesthesia was maintained using sevoflurane with constant rate infusion of medetomidine. Quality of induction/recovery, sevoflurane requirement, cardiovascular function and recovery characteristics were evaluated. Anesthetic induction scores (median, range) for Group TG (5, 2-5) and Group PK (5, 2-5) were not significantly different. There were no significant differences in end-tidal sevoflurane concentration (mean ± standard deviation) between Group TG and Group PK (both 2.4 ± 0.2%). Dobutamine infusion rate (µg/kg/min) required for keeping mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) above 70 mmHg in Group PK (0.43, 0.10-1.40) was significantly lower than in Group TG (0.67, 0.08-1.56). Recovery score in Group PK (5, 2-5) was significantly higher than in Group TG (4, 2-5). Both propofol/ketamine and thiopental/guaifenesin provided a smooth induction of anesthesia. Moreover, induction with propofol/ketamine resulted in lower dobutamine requirements for keeping MAP above 70 mmHg during maintenance, and better quality of recovery. Induction with propofol/ketamine would be preferable to thiopental/guaifenesin in Thoroughbred racehorses anesthetized with sevoflurane and medetomidine during arthroscopic surgery.
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Publication Date: 2019-07-03 PubMed ID: 31285690PubMed Central: PMC6606449DOI: 10.1294/jes.30.25Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research compares two methods of anesthetic induction – one with thiopental/guaifenesin and the other with propofol/ketamine – in Thoroughbred racehorses undergoing arthroscopic surgery. In summary, both methods provided smooth induction, but horses induced with propofol/ketamine needed less dobutamine to maintain blood pressure and had better recovery than horses induced with thiopental/guaifenesin.

Study Methodology

  • The researchers conducted a retrospective study looking at clinical records of 214 Thoroughbred racehorses that underwent arthroscopic surgery between 2015 and 2016.
  • The horses were premedicated with medetomidine and midazolam to reach an adequate level of sedation for smooth induction. They were then induced with either thiopental/guaifenesin (Group TG) or propofol/ketamine (Group PK).
  • Anesthesia maintenance was performed using sevoflurane combined with a constant infusion of medetomidine.
  • The team assessed differing factors including the quality of induction and recovery, sevoflurane requirements, cardiovascular function and recovery characteristics.

Findings

  • While both methods provided effective induction, there were no significant differences in anesthetic induction scores between both groups. Likewise, the end-tidal sevoflurane concentration was comparable in both groups.
  • The rate of dobutamine infusion required to maintain mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) above 70mmHg was significantly lower in the propofol/ketamine group than the thiopental/guaifenesin group. This suggests that the propofol/ketamine combination was more effective at keeping the horses’ blood pressure steady during the surgery.
  • Recovery was also rated significantly better in horses in the propofol/ketamine group compared to those in the thiopental/guaifenesin group. This indicates that horses anesthetized with propofol/ketamine woke up more easily and with fewer side effects.

Conclusion

  • The study concludes that while both methods performed well for inducing anesthesia, propofol/ketamine was the preferable choice due to lower dobutamine requirements and its association with a superior recovery experience.
  • The findings suggest that using propofol/ketamine as the method of induction in Thoroughbred racehorses who undergo arthroscopic surgery and are anesthetized with sevoflurane and medetomidine may lead to smoother and safer surgical experiences for the animals.

Cite This Article

APA
Tokushige H, Araki M, Kusano K, Arima D, Ito H, Yamazaki Y, Urayama S, Kambayashi Y, Tateno O, Ohta M. (2019). A retrospective comparison of induction with thiopental/guaifenesin and propofol/ketamine in Thoroughbred racehorses anesthetized with sevoflurane and medetomidine during arthroscopic surgery. J Equine Sci, 30(2), 25-31. https://doi.org/10.1294/jes.30.25

Publication

Journal of equine science
ISSN: 1340-3516
NlmUniqueID: 9503751
Country: Japan
Language: English
Volume: 30
Issue: 2
Pages: 25-31

Researcher Affiliations

Tokushige, Hirotaka
  • Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi 329-0412, Japan.
Araki, Masanari
  • Racehorse Clinic, Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Ibaraki 300-0493, Japan.
Kusano, Kanichi
  • Racehorse Clinic, Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Ibaraki 300-0493, Japan.
Arima, Daisuke
  • Racehorse Clinic, Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Ibaraki 300-0493, Japan.
Ito, Hideki
  • Racehorse Clinic, Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Ibaraki 300-0493, Japan.
Yamazaki, Yosuke
  • Racehorse Clinic, Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Ibaraki 300-0493, Japan.
Urayama, Shuntaro
  • Racehorse Clinic, Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Ibaraki 300-0493, Japan.
Kambayashi, Yoshinori
  • Racehorse Clinic, Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Ibaraki 300-0493, Japan.
Tateno, Oki
  • Racehorse Clinic, Miho Training Center, Japan Racing Association, Ibaraki 300-0493, Japan.
Ohta, Minoru
  • Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi 329-0412, Japan.

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Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
  1. Gozalo-Marcilla M, Ringer SK. Recovery after General Anaesthesia in Adult Horses: A Structured Summary of the Literature. Animals (Basel) 2021 Jun 14;11(6).
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  2. Otsuka T, Araki M, Mita H, Kambayashi Y, Yoshihara E, Ohta M. Total intravenous anesthesia with propofol-ketamine-xylazine with or without remifentanil in thoroughbred horses undergoing castration. J Equine Sci 2024 Oct;35(3):35-41.
    doi: 10.1294/jes.35.35pubmed: 39411213google scholar: lookup
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