A Summary of New Findings on the Biological Effects of Selenium in Selected Animal Species-A Critical Review.
Abstract: Selenium is an essential trace element important for many physiological processes, especially for the functions of immune and reproductive systems, metabolism of thyroid hormones, as well as antioxidant defense. Selenium deficiency is usually manifested by an increased incidence of retention of placenta, metritis, mastitis, aborts, lowering fertility and increased susceptibility to infections. In calves, lambs and kids, the selenium deficiency demonstrates by WMD (white muscle disease), in foals and donkey foals, it is associated with incidence of WMD and yellow fat disease, and in pigs it causes VESD (vitamin E/selenium deficiency) syndrome. The prevention of these health disorders can be achieved by an adequate selenium supplementation to the diet. The review summarizes the survey of knowledge on selenium, its biological significance in the organism, the impact of its deficiency in mammalian livestock (comparison of ruminants vs. non-ruminants, herbivore vs. omnivore) and possibilities of its peroral administration. The databases employed were as follows: Web of Science, PubMed, MEDLINE and Google Scholar.
Publication Date: 2017-10-21 PubMed ID: 29065468PubMed Central: PMC5666889DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102209Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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This research article reviews the biological importance of selenium, an essential trace element, in different animal species, highlighting its role in immune and reproductive systems, thyroid hormone metabolism, and antioxidant defense. It outlines the consequences of selenium deficiency in these animals and how supplementation can prevent such health disorders.
Biological Significance of Selenium
- The researched detailed the vital role of selenium, an essential trace element. This mineral is required for the proper functioning of many physiological processes.
- Primarily, it is crucial for the functioning of both the immune and reproductive systems in animals. It also plays a significant role in the metabolism of thyroid hormones and in the antioxidant defense mechanisms that protect the body from free radical damage.
Impact of Selenium Deficiency
- Selenium deficiency can lead to various health disorders in different animal species. This includes an increase in the incidence of retention of placenta, metritis, mastitis, abortion, and a decrease in fertility in livestock. This deficiency also makes animals more susceptible to infections.
- In certain animal populations such as calves, lambs, foals, donkey foals, and kids, selenium deficiency may cause a disease known as White Muscle Disease (WMD). In pigs, it results in a condition known as VESD (vitamin E/selenium deficiency) syndrome.
Selenium Supplementation and its Prevention Role
- The research study noted that preventing these health disorders associated with selenium deficiency can be achieved through sufficient selenium supplementation in the animals’ diet.
- It emphasized the importance of monitoring and ensuring animal diets are well supplemented to avoid significant health issues.
Comparative Analysis on Selenium Deficiency
- The study carried out a comparative analysis of Selenium deficiency in two categories: ruminant vs. non-ruminant animals and herbivore vs. omnivore animals.
- Such comparisons help in a better understanding of the biological impact of selenium in diverse species and dietary requirements.
Databases Used for the Study
- The study utilized a range of databases to gather its information. These included Web of Science, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar.
Cite This Article
APA
Hosnedlova B, Kepinska M, Skalickova S, Fernandez C, Ruttkay-Nedecky B, Malevu TD, Sochor J, Baron M, Melcova M, Zidkova J, Kizek R.
(2017).
A Summary of New Findings on the Biological Effects of Selenium in Selected Animal Species-A Critical Review.
Int J Mol Sci, 18(10).
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18102209 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Valtická 337, CZ-691 44 Lednice, Czech Republic. bozena.hosnedlova@post.cz.
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analyses, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland. zalewska.m@gmail.com.
- Central Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic. sylvie.skalickova@gmail.com.
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen AB107GJ, UK. c.fernandez@rgu.ac.uk.
- Central Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic. brano.ruttkay@seznam.cz.
- Department of Physics, University of the Free State, P. Bag X13, Phuthaditjhaba 9866, South Africa. malevu.td@gmail.com.
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Valtická 337, CZ-691 44 Lednice, Czech Republic. jiri.sochor@mendelu.cz.
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Valtická 337, CZ-691 44 Lednice, Czech Republic. mojmir.baron@mendelu.cz.
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic. magdalena.melcova@vscht.cz.
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technicka 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic. Jarmila.Zidkova@vscht.cz.
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analyses, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland. kizek@sci.muni.cz.
- Central Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic. kizek@sci.muni.cz.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Dietary Supplements
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Mammals / metabolism
- Selenium / deficiency
- Selenium / metabolism
- Selenium / physiology
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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