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Veterinary sciences2025; 12(3); 255; doi: 10.3390/vetsci12030255

Absolute Quantitative Lipidomics Reveals Differences in Lipid Compounds in the Blood of Trained and Untrained Yili Horses.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between blood lipid levels and the differences in cardiac structure and function of trained and untrained Yili horses as related to exercise performance. We utilized quantitative lipidomics technology to elucidate how the differences in lipid compounds in the blood influenced performance outcomes. Sixteen 18-month-old Yili horses were selected, ten of which received a 15-week training regimen, and six were kept as untrained controls. Cardiac structure and function were assessed by echocardiography, while plasma lipid metabolites were detected and identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that key cardiac structural indices, such as left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, left ventricular end-systolic diameter, and left ventricular posterior wall thickness, were significantly greater in the trained group compared with the untrained group, indicating that exercise training promotes adaptive cardiac remodeling. Regarding lipid metabolites, significant differences were observed between the trained and untrained groups, with a total of 281 lipids identified-212 upregulated and 69 downregulated. These differentially expressed lipids were primarily enriched in pathways such as necroptosis, ether lipid metabolism, and sphingolipid signaling, which are associated with cell migration, survival, proliferation, and regulation of lipid metabolism. Further correlation analysis revealed that differences in certain lipids, such as PE (20:4_18:0), PC (17:0_18:1), and LPC subclasses, were significantly correlated with exercise-mediated cardiac structural and functional changes and exercise performance enhancement. These findings provide novel molecular insights into the effects of exercise training on cardiac structure and lipid metabolism in horses and can serve as a reference for training strategies and preserving cardiac health in performance horses.
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Publication Date: 2025-03-10 PubMed ID: 40266993PubMed Central: PMC11945474DOI: 10.3390/vetsci12030255Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study provides insight into how blood lipid levels affect the training outcomes and cardiac function in Yili horses. The researchers used lipidomics technology and found significant differences in certain lipid compounds between trained and untrained horses, suggesting these compounds may play key roles in exercise and performance health.

Objective of the Study

  • This research aimed to understand how lipid compounds in the blood affect physical performance and influence differences in the cardiac structure and function of trained and untrained Yili horses.

Methodology of the Study

  • The researchers chose sixteen 18-month-old Yili horses for the study. Ten of these horses underwent a 15-week training regimen, while the remaining six were kept as untrained controls.
  • To assess the variation in cardiac structure and function, the team used echocardiography, a diagnostic tool to visualize the heart’s structure and functioning.
  • They utilized liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to detect and identify plasma lipid metabolites in the horses. This procedure separates components of a mixture and measures the characteristic mass spectrum to identify the compounds.

Findings of the Study

  • The research showed that key cardiac structural indices, like left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, left ventricular end-systolic diameter, and left ventricular posterior wall thickness, were significantly higher in the trained group compared to the untrained group. This suggests that exercise training promotes adaptive cardiac remodeling.
  • A significant difference was observed in lipid metabolites between trained and untrained groups. The researchers identified a total of 281 lipids, with 212 upregulated (increased) and 69 downregulated (decreased).
  • The differentially expressed lipids were primarily in pathways associated with cell migration, survival, proliferation, and regulation of lipid metabolism. These pathways include necroptosis, ether lipid metabolism, and sphingolipid signaling.
  • Further correlation analysis indicated that differences in certain lipids, like PE (20:4_18:0), PC (17:0_18:1), and LPC subclasses, were significantly correlated with training-induced cardiac structural and functional changes and exercise performance enhancement.

Significance of the Study

  • This study offers novel molecular insights into how exercise training influences cardiac structure and lipid metabolism in horses. The identified correlations between specific lipid compounds and exercise outcomes can guide future training strategies and contribute to maintaining cardiac health in performance horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Wang T, Meng J, Wang J, Ren W, Yang X, Adina W, Bao Y, Zeng Y, Yao X. (2025). Absolute Quantitative Lipidomics Reveals Differences in Lipid Compounds in the Blood of Trained and Untrained Yili Horses. Vet Sci, 12(3), 255. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12030255

Publication

Veterinary sciences
ISSN: 2306-7381
NlmUniqueID: 101680127
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 12
Issue: 3
PII: 255

Researcher Affiliations

Wang, Tongliang
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Horse Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Horse Industry Research Institute, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Meng, Jun
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Horse Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Horse Industry Research Institute, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Wang, Jianwen
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Horse Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Horse Industry Research Institute, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Ren, Wanlu
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Horse Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Horse Industry Research Institute, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Yang, Xixi
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Horse Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Horse Industry Research Institute, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Adina, Wusiman
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Bao, Yike
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Zeng, Yaqi
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Horse Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Horse Industry Research Institute, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Yao, Xinkui
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Horse Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Horse Industry Research Institute, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.

Grant Funding

  • 32202667 / National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Program
  • 2022A02013-1 / Major Science and Technology Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
  • 2521KJTXM / Key Laboratory Project of Xinjiang Horse Breeding and Exercise Physiology
  • 2024D01B40 / Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Natural Science Foundation Youth Science Fund
  • ZYYD2025JD02 / Central Guidance for Local Science and Technology Development Fund

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
  1. Bao Y, Wang T, Adina W, Yao R, Chu H, Yao X, Meng J, Wang J, Ren W, Zeng Y. Gut microbial signatures and cardiac-microbiota axis in Yili horses with divergent exercise-induced cardiac remodeling. Front Microbiol 2025;16:1689293.
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  2. Wang T, Yang X, Ren W, Meng J, Yao X, Chu H, Yao R, Zhai M, Zeng Y. Multi-Omics Deciphers Divergent Mechanisms in Differentially Cardiac-Remodeled Yili Horses Under Conditions of Equivalent Power Output. Animals (Basel) 2025 Nov 9;15(22).
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