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Acid-base indicators in the venous and arterial blood of horses affected by recurrent airway obstruction (RAO).
Abstract: The acid-base equilibrium is closely linked to gas exchange in the lungs, and respiratory exchange ratios are used to evaluate respiratory effectiveness and tissue oxygen levels. Acid-base indicators are determined in both arterial and venous blood samples. This study compares the usefulness of acid-base indicators of venous and arterial blood in monitoring the condition of horses with recurrent airway obstruction. Prior to treatment involving bronchodilating glucocorticoids, expectorant and mucolytic drugs, more pronounced changes were observed in venous blood (pH 7.283, pCO2 61.92 mmHg, pO2 35.541 mmHg, HCO3- 31.933 mmHg, BE 2.933 mmol/l, O2SAT 58.366%, ctCO2 38.333 mmol/l) than in arterial blood (pH 7.309, pCO2 53.478 mmHg, pO2 90.856 mmHg, HCO3- 28.50 mmHg, BE 3.133 mmol/l, O2SAT 93.375%, ctCO2 31.652 mmol/l), indicating compensated respiratory acidosis. The improvement of respiratory efficiency minimized acidosis symptoms in both venous blood (pH 7.365, pCO2 43.55 mmHg, pO2 47.80 mmHg, HCO3 30.325 mmHg, BE 3.050 mmol/l, O2SAT 80.10%, ctCO2 29.80 mmol/l) and arterial blood (pH 7.375, pCO2 39.268 mmHg, pO2 98.476 mmHg, HCO3- 26.651 mmHg, BE 4.956 mmol/l, O2SAT 98.475%, ctCO2 28.131 mmol/l). Venous blood parameters were marked by greater deviations from mean values, both before and after treatment. Acid-base indicators determined in venous blood are indicative of respiratory disturbances, but they do not support a comprehensive evaluation of gas exchange in the lungs.
Publication Date: 2012-12-12 PubMed ID: 23214365DOI: 10.2478/v10181-012-0071-xGoogle Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
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This research investigates the effectiveness of using acid-base indicators in venous and arterial blood to monitor the health of horses afflicted with recurrent airway obstruction (RAO). The results suggest that while venous blood parameters show more pronounced changes, they may not give a complete evaluation of gas exchange in the lungs.
Objective of the Research
- The purpose of this research was to assess the usefulness of using acid-base indicators in the arterial and venous blood to monitor the health condition of horses suffering from recurrent airway obstruction (RAO).
- The study compared the impact of the condition before and after treatment on acid-base equilibrium — a balance directly linked to gas exchange efficiency in the lungs.
Methodology of the Study
- The focus of the study was to measure and compare different parameters in both venous and arterial blood. These parameters include pH, pCO2, pO2, HCO3-, BE, O2SAT, and ctCO2.
- The condition of horses was evaluated before and after treatment. The treatment involved bronchodilating glucocorticoids, expectorant, and mucolytic drugs.
Key Findings of the Study
- The research showed more significant changes in the venous blood than in the arterial blood before the treatment. This change indicated a compensated respiratory acidosis — a condition of imbalanced gas exchange caused by RAO.
- After the treatment, respiratory efficiency improved and it minimized the acidosis symptoms in both venous and arterial blood.
- The results revealed that venous blood parameters deviated more from the mean values, both before and after the treatment.
Conclusions of the Study and its Implications
- While it was found that acid-base indicators determined in venous blood were indicative of respiratory disturbances, they were not sufficient to provide a comprehensive evaluation of gas exchange in the lungs in isolated consideration.
- This implies that while venous blood testing may map the severity and presence of respiratory issues, it’s less effective in a holistic evaluation of lung function, suggesting the need for concurrent monitoring of arterial blood parameters for a comprehensive assessment.
Cite This Article
APA
Stopyra A, Sobiech P, Waclawska-Matyjasik A.
(2012).
Acid-base indicators in the venous and arterial blood of horses affected by recurrent airway obstruction (RAO).
Pol J Vet Sci, 15(3), 463-467.
https://doi.org/10.2478/v10181-012-0071-x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department and Clinic of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 14, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland. astopyra@uwm.edu.pl
MeSH Terms
- Acetylcysteine / administration & dosage
- Acetylcysteine / therapeutic use
- Acid-Base Equilibrium / physiology
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents / administration & dosage
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents / therapeutic use
- Bronchodilator Agents / administration & dosage
- Bronchodilator Agents / therapeutic use
- Dexamethasone / administration & dosage
- Dexamethasone / therapeutic use
- Expectorants / administration & dosage
- Expectorants / therapeutic use
- Horse Diseases / blood
- Horse Diseases / metabolism
- Horses
- Ipratropium / administration & dosage
- Ipratropium / therapeutic use
- Lung Diseases, Obstructive / blood
- Lung Diseases, Obstructive / metabolism
- Lung Diseases, Obstructive / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 4 times.- Mainguy-Seers S, Lavoie JP. Glucocorticoid treatment in horses with asthma: A narrative review. J Vet Intern Med 2021 Jul;35(4):2045-2057.
- Niedzwiedz A, Jaworski Z. Oxidant-antioxidant status in the blood of horses with symptomatic recurrent airway obstruction (RAO). J Vet Intern Med 2014 Nov-Dec;28(6):1845-52.
- Niedzwiedz A, Jaworski Z, Tykalowski B, Smialek M. Neutrophil and macrophage apoptosis in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from healthy horses and horses with recurrent airway obstruction (RAO). BMC Vet Res 2014 Jan 24;10:29.
- Simões J, Tilley P. Decision Making in Severe Equine Asthma-Diagnosis and Monitoring. Animals (Basel) 2023 Dec 16;13(24).
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