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The Journal of veterinary medical science2019; 81(9); 1234-1237; doi: 10.1292/jvms.19-0192

Actinobacillus species isolated from Japanese Thoroughbred racehorses in the last two decades.

Abstract: Actinobacillus species are known to be pathogenic to horses. To clarify etiological agents of actinobacillosis in Japanese adult horses, 27 isolates from Japanese Thoroughbred racehorses putatively identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry as Actinobacillus were further identified by PCR of the A. equuli toxin gene, by CAMP test, and by 16S rRNA sequencing analysis. Actinobacillus equuli subsp. haemolyticus was isolated most frequently (16/27) and was related to respiratory infections. Actinobacillus equuli subsp. equuli (4/27) was isolated from chronic cases or concomitant with other bacterial infections. The remainder were A. pleuropneumoniae, unclassified Actinobacillus species and Pasteurella caballi. Actinobacillus equuli including subsp. haemolyticus and subsp. equuli were the species most frequently isolated from equine actinobacillosis in Japan.
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Publication Date: 2019-07-11 PubMed ID: 31292334PubMed Central: PMC6785623DOI: 10.1292/jvms.19-0192Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article reveals that actinobacillus species, particularly Actinobacillus equuli, are the most common cause of actinobacillosis, a bacterial infection, in Japanese Thoroughbred racehorses.

Objective of the study

The researchers aimed at understanding the etiological agents causing actinobacillosis in adult Japanese Thoroughbred racehorses. This includes identifying the specific strains of Actinobacillus responsible for the infections.

Methodology of the research

To achieve their objective, the researchers:

  • Collected 27 isolates from the horses which were presumptively identified as Actinobacillus species.
  • Employed various techniques to further identify the said isolates. The techniques include matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), PCR of A. equuli toxin gene, CAMP tests and 16S rRNA sequencing analysis.

Findings of the study

Based on the analysis:

  • 16 out of 27 isolates were identified as A. equuli subspecies haemolyticus, a strain known to be the most associated with respiratory infections in horses.
  • Another 4 out of the 27 were A. equuli subsp. equuli, typically associated with chronic cases or infections occurring concurrently with other bacterial infections.
  • The remaining isolates were identified as A. pleuropneumoniae, unidentified Actinobacillus species, and Pasteurella caballi.

Conclusion of the research

The paper establishes that Actinobacillus equuli, including both subsp. haemolyticus and subsp. equuli, are the most prevalent Actinobacillus species responsible for causing actinobacillosis in the Japanese Thoroughbred racehorses. This highlights the significance of thorough screening and appropriate intervention methods as preventive measures for actinobacillosis in such horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Uchida-Fujii E, Niwa H, Kinoshita Y, Nukada T. (2019). Actinobacillus species isolated from Japanese Thoroughbred racehorses in the last two decades. J Vet Med Sci, 81(9), 1234-1237. https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.19-0192

Publication

The Journal of veterinary medical science
ISSN: 1347-7439
NlmUniqueID: 9105360
Country: Japan
Language: English
Volume: 81
Issue: 9
Pages: 1234-1237

Researcher Affiliations

Uchida-Fujii, Eri
  • Microbiology Division, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0412, Japan.
Niwa, Hidekazu
  • Microbiology Division, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0412, Japan.
Kinoshita, Yuta
  • Microbiology Division, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0412, Japan.
Nukada, Toshio
  • Microbiology Division, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0412, Japan.

MeSH Terms

  • Actinobacillus / classification
  • Actinobacillus / genetics
  • Actinobacillus / isolation & purification
  • Actinobacillus Infections / veterinary
  • Animals
  • Bacterial Proteins / genetics
  • DNA, Bacterial / analysis
  • Horse Diseases / etiology
  • Horse Diseases / microbiology
  • Horses
  • Japan
  • Pasteurella / isolation & purification
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
  • Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization / veterinary

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