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Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc2022; 34(3); 448-457; doi: 10.1177/10406387221077969

Activated platelets and platelet-leukocyte aggregates in the equine systemic inflammatory response syndrome.

Abstract: In humans, activated platelets contribute to sepsis complications and to multiple organ failure. In our prospective analytical study of cases of the equine systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), we adapted a standard human protocol for the measurement of activated platelets and platelet-leukocyte aggregates (PLAs) in equine platelet-leukocyte-rich plasma (PLRP) by flow cytometry, and we investigated the hypothesis that activated platelets and PLAs are increased in clinical cases of SIRS. We included 17 adult horses and ponies fulfilling at least 2 SIRS criteria, and 10 healthy equids as controls. Activation of platelets was determined by increased expression of CD62P on platelets. Activated platelets and PLAs were measured before and after in vitro activation of platelets with collagen. Median expression of CD62P on platelets was significantly increased after activation in the control group: 1.45% (interquartile range [IQR]: 1.08-1.99%) initially versus 8.78% (IQR: 6.79-14.78%,  = 0.002) after activation. The equids with SIRS had significantly more activated platelets and PLAs in native PLRP than controls: CD62P 4.92% (median, IQR: 2.21-12.41%) versus 1.45% in controls (median, IQR: 1.08-1.99%,  = 0.0007), and PLAs 4.16% (median, IQR: 2.50-8.58%) versus 2.95% in controls (median, IQR: 1.57-3.22%,  = 0.048). To our knowledge, increased platelet activation and PLAs have not been demonstrated previously with flow cytometry in clinical cases of equine SIRS.
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Publication Date: 2022-02-15 PubMed ID: 35168432PubMed Central: PMC9066687DOI: 10.1177/10406387221077969Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research examines the role of activated platelets and platelet-leukocyte aggregates (PLAs) in instances of equine systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), based on a human measurement protocol. The findings indicate that SIRS cases have significantly more activated platelets and PLAs, suggesting a similar link to sepsis complications and organ failure as observed in humans.

Research Methodology

  • The researchers conducted a prospective analytical study on 17 adult horses and ponies diagnosed with SIRS and compared them with 10 healthy equids (a control group) to investigate differences in platelet activation.
  • A standard human protocol was adapted to measure activated platelets and PLAs in equine platelet-leukocyte-rich plasma (PLRP) through flow cytometry.
  • The activation of platelets was determined by detecting increased expression of CD62P, a platelet activation marker.
  • Two sets of measurements were taken for each group, one before and one after in vitro activation of the equids’ platelets using the protein collagen.

Main Findings

  • In the control group, there was a significant increase in the expression of CD62P on platelets after in vitro activation with collagen.
  • Equids diagnosed with SIRS presented significantly more activated platelets and PLAs in their native PLRP compared to the controls.
  • In the control group, platelet CD62P expression was 1.45% initially but increased to 8.78% after activation, while in the SIRS group, the median CD62P expression was 4.92%.
  • Furthermore, in the control group, PLAs amounted to 2.95%, whereas in the SIRS group, the median amount was 4.16%.

Significance of the Research

  • This research provides new insight regarding the presence of activated platelets and PLAs in equine SIRS cases. It is pioneering in demonstrating with flow cytometry increased platelet activation and PLAs in clinical instances of equine SIRS.
  • The findings may offer a parallel to human medical research, providing further ground to the linkage between activated platelets and the severity of sepsis complications and organ failures.
  • Such discoveries can potentially contribute to improving treatment strategies for both equine SIRS and human sepsis by focusing on the role of platelets and PLAs.

Cite This Article

APA
Theuerkauf K, Obach-Schröck C, Staszyk C, Moritz A, Roscher KA. (2022). Activated platelets and platelet-leukocyte aggregates in the equine systemic inflammatory response syndrome. J Vet Diagn Invest, 34(3), 448-457. https://doi.org/10.1177/10406387221077969

Publication

Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc
ISSN: 1943-4936
NlmUniqueID: 9011490
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 34
Issue: 3
Pages: 448-457

Researcher Affiliations

Theuerkauf, Kim
    Obach-Schröck, Carmen
    • Equine Clinic, Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science (Theuerkauf, Roscher), Institute of Veterinary-Anatomy, -Histology and -Embryology (Obach-Schröck, Staszyk), Clinical Pathophysiology and Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science (Moritz), Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
    Staszyk, Carsten
    • Equine Clinic, Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science (Theuerkauf, Roscher), Institute of Veterinary-Anatomy, -Histology and -Embryology (Obach-Schröck, Staszyk), Clinical Pathophysiology and Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science (Moritz), Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
    Moritz, Andreas
    • Equine Clinic, Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science (Theuerkauf, Roscher), Institute of Veterinary-Anatomy, -Histology and -Embryology (Obach-Schröck, Staszyk), Clinical Pathophysiology and Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science (Moritz), Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
    Roscher, Katja A
    • Equine Clinic, Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science (Theuerkauf, Roscher), Institute of Veterinary-Anatomy, -Histology and -Embryology (Obach-Schröck, Staszyk), Clinical Pathophysiology and Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science (Moritz), Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.

    MeSH Terms

    • Animals
    • Blood Platelets / physiology
    • Flow Cytometry / veterinary
    • Horse Diseases
    • Horses
    • Leukocytes / metabolism
    • Platelet Activation
    • Platelet Aggregation
    • Prospective Studies
    • Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome / veterinary

    Conflict of Interest Statement

    The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

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    Citations

    This article has been cited 3 times.
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    3. Miglio A, Falcinelli E, Mezzasoma AM, Busechian S, Rueca F, Gresele P, Antognoni MT. Biomarkers of in vivo platelet activation in thoroughbreds during their first long-term training. Front Vet Sci 2024;11:1395423.
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