Acute-phase protein profile in horses subjected to different exercise protocols.
- Clinical Trial
- Veterinary
- Journal Article
- Arabian Horses
- Biochemistry
- Blood
- Blood Analysis
- Clinical Pathology
- Clinical Study
- Creatine Kinase
- Diagnostic Technique
- Disease Diagnosis
- Equine Health
- Exercise
- Exercise Physiology
- Exercise Test
- Fibrinogen
- Fitness
- Hematocrit
- Hematology
- High-performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
- Horses
- Injury
- Laboratory Methods
- Muscle
- Plasma
- Protein
- Serum
- Treadmill Exercise
- Veterinary Research
- Veterinary Science
Summary
The research investigates the impact of two different exercise regimes on muscle injury and subsequent physiological response in horses, and distinct changes in the profiles of certain serum proteins following these exercise protocols.
Objective of the Study
The study primarily aimed to determine the influence of different levels and types of exercise – rapid, short-duration (TRA) and slow, long-duration (TLD) workouts – on the acute-phase response (APR) in purebred Arabian and Criollo horses. This response was measured by changes in the profile of serum proteins in the horses’ blood before and after the exercise protocols. The results were then compared to whether there was evidence of muscle injury as a result of the exercises.
Study Design and Methodology
- The study involved ten horses: five Arabian and five Criollo. These horses underwent two separate treadmill exercise regimes: one of short-duration, high-intensity (TRA) and the other of long-duration, low-intensity (TLD).
- Blood samples were collected before the exercises (represented as T0 in the study) and at six subsequent points immediately post-workout: after (T1) and 30 min (T2), 3 hr (T3), 12 hr (T4), 24 hr (T5), and 48 hr (T6) after exercise.
- The following measurements were then made: hematocrit levels, plasma fibrinogen concentration, total serum protein (TP) content, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and serum activity of creatine-kinase (CK)
Significant Findings
- Fibrinogen was determined by the heat precipitation method in microhematocrit capillary tubes. It was found that the estimated concentrations of a protein called haptoglobin significantly decreased after the rapid, short-duration exercise (TRA).
- The study also found that the estimated concentrations of alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (AGP), another protein, significantly increased after both types of exercises at the 30-minute mark (T2).
- Additionally, an increase in albumin was noted after the slow, long-duration workout (TLD).
Implication of Study Results
- The changes noted in hematocrit, haptoglobin, and albumin concentrations in the horses are attributed to a natural physiological response stemming from hemoconcentration and hemolysis, i.e., an increase in the concentration of cells and solids in the blood and the destruction of red blood cells respectively.
- The increase of AGP, particularly in the TLD exercise session, is hypothesized to be a response to the release of catecholamines, substances released by the body during stress or exercise. This reaction protects the body from potential oxidative damage to tissues.
Cite This Article
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Rua Prof. Doutor Walter Mauricio Correa, s/n bairro UNESP, Botucatu Campus, SP Botucatu, São Paulo 18618.618-681, Brazil.
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Rua Prof. Doutor Walter Mauricio Correa, s/n bairro UNESP, Botucatu Campus, SP Botucatu, São Paulo 18618.618-681, Brazil.
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Rua Prof. Doutor Walter Mauricio Correa, s/n bairro UNESP, Botucatu Campus, SP Botucatu, São Paulo 18618.618-681, Brazil.
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Rua Prof. Doutor Walter Mauricio Correa, s/n bairro UNESP, Botucatu Campus, SP Botucatu, São Paulo 18618.618-681, Brazil.
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Rua Prof. Doutor Walter Mauricio Correa, s/n bairro UNESP, Botucatu Campus, SP Botucatu, São Paulo 18618.618-681, Brazil.
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Rua Prof. Doutor Walter Mauricio Correa, s/n bairro UNESP, Botucatu Campus, SP Botucatu, São Paulo 18618.618-681, Brazil.
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Rua Prof. Doutor Walter Mauricio Correa, s/n bairro UNESP, Botucatu Campus, SP Botucatu, São Paulo 18618.618-681, Brazil.
MeSH Terms
- Acute-Phase Proteins / metabolism
- Adaptation, Physiological
- Animals
- Female
- Horses / blood
- Horses / genetics
- Horses / metabolism
- Male
- Physical Conditioning, Animal / physiology
- Time Factors
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