Alterations to the synovial invaginations of the navicular bone are associated with pathology of both the navicular apparatus and distal interphalangeal joint when evaluated using high field MRI.
Abstract: Limited information exists regarding associations between distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ) abnormalities and synovial invagination changes in the distal sesamoid (navicular) bone. This retrospective, analytical study aimed to measure specific characteristics of the synovial invaginations of the navicular bone to determine whether any single characteristic was associated with abnormalities in the DIPJ or navicular apparatus (NA) using high field MRI and a sample of 200 horses' feet. The DIPJ and NA were graded independently by three scorers. The grades were averaged, creating a global pathology score for the DIPJ, NA, and synovial invaginations. Higher global scores represented more severe pathology. The number of invaginations, depth of penetration, invagination shape, and cross-sectional area (CSA) of the largest invagination were recorded. Interobserver agreement was measured using Cohen's Kappa. Associations of global scores of the DIPJ and NA with individual invagination characteristics were assessed using linear mixed modeling. A significant relationship was found between the number of invaginations and global DIPJ score, with higher invagination numbers associated with higher DIPJ scores. For invagination depth and CSA, a significant relationship was noted with global scores of both the DIPJ and NA. Reliable relationships between the shape of synovial invaginations and global scores of DIPJ and NA were not found, likely due to poor interobserver scoring (0.305). These findings suggest that primary DIPJ disease and NA pathology should be considered when noticing alterations to navicular synovial invaginations on MRI. This contrasts traditional views that synovial invagination abnormalities are indicative solely of NA pathology.
© 2022 The Authors. Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Radiology.
Publication Date: 2022-08-15 PubMed ID: 35969227PubMed Central: PMC10087238DOI: 10.1111/vru.13140Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research is about the relationship between the alterations in the synovial invaginations of the navicular bone, and the pathology of both the navicular apparatus and distal interphalangeal joint, studied using high field MRI in horses.
Objective of the Study
- The main purpose of the study is to investigate whether changes in synovial invaginations of the navicular bone are associated with abnormalities in the distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ) or navicular apparatus (NA), as observed through high-field MRI.
Methods
- The study is a retrospective and analytical one, involving a sample size of 200 horses’ feet.
- The DIPJ and NA were independently graded by three professionals.
- An average of these grades then provided a global pathology score for DIPJ, NA, and synovial invaginations, with higher scores indicating more severe pathology.
- The researchers recorded the number of invaginations, penetration depth, invagination shape, and the cross-sectional area of the largest invagination.
- Interobserver agreement was measured using Cohen’s Kappa, a statistical technique to demonstrate the level of agreement between ratings.
Findings
- The study found a significant relationship between the number of invaginations and global DIPJ score, indicating that higher invagination numbers were associated with higher DIPJ scores.
- A significant association was also observed between the depth of invaginations and the cross-sectional area of the largest invagination with both DIPJ and NA global scores.
- No reliable correlation was found between invagination shape and the global DIPJ and NA scores probably due to low interobserver scoring (0.305).
Implications and Conclusion
- The findings of the study suggest that veterinary practitioners should consider potential primary DIPJ disease and NA pathology when they observe alterations to the synovial invaginations of the navicular bone during an MRI scan.
- The study challenges the traditional understanding that abnormalities in synovial invagination are only indicative of NA pathology.
Cite This Article
APA
McParland TJ, Horne CR, Robertson JB, Schnabel LV, Nelson NC.
(2022).
Alterations to the synovial invaginations of the navicular bone are associated with pathology of both the navicular apparatus and distal interphalangeal joint when evaluated using high field MRI.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 64(1), 9-17.
https://doi.org/10.1111/vru.13140 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27607, USA.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27607, USA.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27607, USA.
- Office of Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27607, USA.
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27607, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Horses
- Retrospective Studies
- Joints
- Tarsal Bones / diagnostic imaging
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging / veterinary
- Foot
- Horse Diseases
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors have declared no conflict of interest.
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