Alveolar ridge regeneration with equine spongy bone: a clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical case series.
Abstract: In the case of localized ridge atrophy, a ridge augmentation procedure, with the use of bone substitutes and barrier membranes, may then be necessary. Objective: The aim of the present study was a clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical evaluation of an equine spongy bone in alveolar ridge augmentation procedures. Methods: Five patients showing horizontal mandibular ridge defects participated in this study. A ridge augmentation was performed through an onlay apposition of equine bone covered by a titanium-reinforced membrane. After 6 months of healing, five bone cores from nonaugmented sites (control) and five from augmented sites (test) were retrieved. Results: In test sites, no postoperative complications occurred. Horizontal bone width increased from 24 to 37 mm. In control sites, the newly formed bone represented 33%, and in test sites, 35% of the total area. The mean value of the microvessel density was 25.6 +/- 3.425 per mm(2) in controls, while 33.3 +/- 2.5 vessels per mm(2) in the test sites were found (p < .05). Both groups showed a high intensity (++) of vascular endothelial growth factor expression in the newly formed bone, while a low intensity (+) was found in the mature bone. Conclusions: Equine bone appeared to be biocompatible and to be associated with new vessel ingrowth. Within the limits of the small sample size, the present study indicated that equine bone could be used in mandibular ridge augmentations.
Publication Date: 2008-09-09 PubMed ID: 18783426DOI: 10.1111/j.1708-8208.2008.00104.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research paper is about evaluating the use of equine spongy bone for alveolar ridge augmentation, a procedure that may be necessary in cases of localized ridge atrophy. The study concludes that equine bone is biocompatible and can encourage new blood vessel growth, suggesting its potential use in mandibular ridge augmentations.
Objective and Methods of the Study
- The aim of the study was a clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical evaluation of an equine spongy bone when used in alveolar ridge augmentation procedures, focused on the potential of the equine bone in regenerating alveolar ridge.
- Five patients suffering from horizontal mandibular ridge defects were incorporated in the study.
- The study applied a ridge augmentation procedure, where an onlay apposition of equine bone covered by a titanium-reinforced membrane was performed on the patients.
- The researchers took five bone cores from nonaugmented sites (used as control) and five from the augmented sites (test) after a healing period of six months.
Results of the Study
- No postoperative complications were observed in the test sites where augmentation was conducted.
- There was an increase in horizontal bone width from 24 to 37 mm, signifying growth. In the control sites, newly formed bone represented 33% of the total area, while in test sites, it was slightly higher at 35%.
- The mean value of microvessel density, which refers to the density of blood vessels in the tissue, was found to be higher in the test sites, about 33.3 vessels per mm, compared to 25.6 in control sites.
- Both groups showed a high intensity of vascular endothelial growth factor expression in the newly formed bone, indicating that formation of blood vessels was stimulated, while mature bone had a low intensity of such expression.
Conclusions from the Research
- The study concludes that equine bone appears to be biocompatible, indicates no postoperative complications, and seems to promote new vessel growth.
- The authors consider these findings to suggest that equine bone could potentially be used in mandibular ridge augmentations, particularly to regenerate alveolar ridge, especially considering the lack of complications and the promotion of new vessel growth. However, they caution that the conclusions are drawn on the basis of a small sample size.
Cite This Article
APA
Di Stefano DA, Artese L, Iezzi G, Piattelli A, Pagnutti S, Piccirilli M, Perrotti V.
(2008).
Alveolar ridge regeneration with equine spongy bone: a clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical case series.
Clin Implant Dent Relat Res, 11(2), 90-100.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1708-8208.2008.00104.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Dental School, University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy.
MeSH Terms
- Adult
- Alkaline Phosphatase / analysis
- Alveolar Process / blood supply
- Alveolar Process / pathology
- Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / methods
- Animals
- Biocompatible Materials / therapeutic use
- Bone Regeneration / physiology
- Bone Transplantation / methods
- Bone Transplantation / pathology
- Cephalometry
- Endothelium, Vascular / pathology
- Female
- Guided Tissue Regeneration / instrumentation
- Guided Tissue Regeneration / methods
- Haversian System / pathology
- Horses
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Male
- Mandible / blood supply
- Mandible / pathology
- Mandible / surgery
- Membranes, Artificial
- Microvessels / pathology
- Middle Aged
- Osteocytes / pathology
- Osteogenesis / physiology
- Polytetrafluoroethylene
- Tissue Preservation / methods
- Titanium
- Transplantation, Heterologous
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / analysis
Citations
This article has been cited 19 times.- Christensen JG, Grønlund GP, Georgi SR, Starch-Jensen T, Bruun NH, Jensen SS. Horizontal Alveolar Ridge Augmentation with Xenogenic Block Grafts Compared with Autogenous Bone Block Grafts for Implant-retained Rehabilitation: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.. J Oral Maxillofac Res 2023 Apr-Jun;14(2):e1.
- Alqutub MN, Mukhtar AH, Alali Y, Vohra F, Abduljabbar T. Osteogenic Differentiation of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells Seeded on Equine-Derived Xenograft in Osteogenic Growth Media.. Medicina (Kaunas) 2022 Oct 25;58(11).
- Di Stefano DA, Orlando F, Ottobelli M, Fiori D, Garagiola U. A comparison between anorganic bone and collagen-preserving bone xenografts for alveolar ridge preservation: systematic review and future perspectives.. Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg 2022 Jul 12;44(1):24.
- Smeets R, Matthies L, Windisch P, Gosau M, Jung R, Brodala N, Stefanini M, Kleinheinz J, Payer M, Henningsen A, Al-Nawas B, Knipfer C. Horizontal augmentation techniques in the mandible: a systematic review.. Int J Implant Dent 2022 May 9;8(1):23.
- Silva ER, Balan VF, Botticelli D, Soldini C, Okamoto R, Xavier SP. Histomorphometric, Immunohistochemical and Microtomographic Comparison between Autogenous and Xenogenous Bone Blocks for Mandibular Lateral Augmentation in Rabbits.. Materials (Basel) 2021 Oct 13;14(20).
- Falco A, Bataccia F, Vittorini Orgeas L, Perfetti F, Basile M, Di Pietro R. A Clinical and Histological Study about the Socket Preservation in a Patient under Oral Bisphosphonates Treatment: A Case Report.. Biology (Basel) 2021 Mar 25;10(4).
- De Cicco D, Colella G, Tartaro G, Zerbinati N, Fragola R, Rauso R. Wide Anterior Maxillary Reconstruction with Equine Bone Xenograft: A Case Report of 24-Month Follow-Up.. Case Rep Surg 2020;2020:8890935.
- Di Stefano DA, Greco G, Gherlone E. A Preshaped Titanium Mesh for Guided Bone Regeneration with an Equine-Derived Bone Graft in a Posterior Mandibular Bone Defect: A Case Report.. Dent J (Basel) 2019 Aug 1;7(3).
- Di Stefano DA, Zaniol T, Cinci L, Pieri L. Chemical, Clinical and Histomorphometric Comparison between Equine Bone Manufactured through Enzymatic Antigen-Elimination and Bovine Bone Made Non-Antigenic Using a High-Temperature Process in Post-Extractive Socket Grafting. A Comparative Retrospective Clinical Study.. Dent J (Basel) 2019 Jul 1;7(3).
- de Azambuja Carvalho PH, Dos Santos Trento G, Moura LB, Cunha G, Gabrielli MAC, Pereira-Filho VA. Horizontal ridge augmentation using xenogenous bone graft-systematic review.. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019 Sep;23(3):271-279.
- Cirligeriu L, Cimpean AM, Calniceanu H, Vladau M, Sarb S, Raica M, Nica L. Hyaluronic Acid/Bone Substitute Complex Implanted on Chick Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane Induces Osteoblastic Differentiation and Angiogenesis, but not Inflammation.. Int J Mol Sci 2018 Dec 19;19(12).
- Lo Giudice R, Rizzo G, Centofanti A, Favaloro A, Rizzo D, Cervino G, Squeri R, Costa BG, La Fauci V, Lo Giudice G. Steam Sterilization of Equine Bone Block: Morphological and Collagen Analysis.. Biomed Res Int 2018;2018:9853765.
- Lee JS, Cha JK, Kim CS. Alveolar ridge regeneration of damaged extraction sockets using deproteinized porcine versus bovine bone minerals: A randomized clinical trial.. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2018 Oct;20(5):729-737.
- Mattioli B, Iacoviello P, Aldiano C, Verrina G. Subcranial Le Fort III Advancement with Equine-Derived Bone Grafts to Correct Syndromic Midfacial Hypoplasia: A Case Report.. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2018 Sep;17(3):296-300.
- Di Stefano DA, Greco GB, Riboli F. Guided Bone Regeneration of an Atrophic Mandible with a Heterologous Bone Block.. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr 2016 Mar;9(1):88-93.
- Berberi A, Samarani A, Nader N, Noujeim Z, Dagher M, Kanj W, Mearawi R, Salemeh Z, Badran B. Physicochemical characteristics of bone substitutes used in oral surgery in comparison to autogenous bone.. Biomed Res Int 2014;2014:320790.
- Shalash MA, Rahman HA, Azim AA, Neemat AH, Hawary HE, Nasry SA. Evaluation of horizontal ridge augmentation using beta tricalcium phosphate and demineralized bone matrix: A comparative study.. J Clin Exp Dent 2013 Dec 1;5(5):e253-9.
- Tetè S, Vinci R, Zizzari VL, Zara S, La Scala V, Cataldi A, Gherlone E, Piattelli A. Maxillary sinus augmentation procedures through equine-derived biomaterial or calvaria autologous bone: immunohistochemical evaluation of OPG/RANKL in humans.. Eur J Histochem 2013 Feb 27;57(1):e10.
- Kim TI, Chung CP, Heo MS, Park YJ, Rhee SH. Periodontal regeneration capacity of equine particulate bone in canine alveolar bone defects.. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2010 Oct;40(5):220-6.
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