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Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Res Commun / Analysis of equine cisterna magna cerebrospinal fluid for th...
Veterinary research communications1989; 13(3); 237-249; doi: 10.1007/BF00142050

Analysis of equine cisterna magna cerebrospinal fluid for the presence of some monoamine neurotransmitters and transmitter metabolites.

Abstract: Small volumes (0.05 ml) of cisterna magna cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 23 neurologically normal horses were analysed for the monoamine neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, serotonin and their metabolites using high pressure liquid chromatography and electrochemical detection. Two metabolites, homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) were present in all CSF samples. The deaminated and methylated metabolite of dopamine, HVA, was present at a mean concentration of 42.33 +/- 3.14 ng/ml of CSF. The deaminated metabolite of serotonin, 5-HIAA, was present at a mean concentration of 45.52 +/- 3.65 ng/ml of CSF. A positive correlation was found between the CSF concentrations of HVA and 5-HIAA (r = 0.72, p = 0.0003). The mean ratio of HVA to 5-HIAA concentrations was 1.07 +/- 0.05. The ratios of HVA to 5-HIAA concentrations were found to be more indicative of the serotonergic metabolite 5-HIAA (r = -0.62, p = 0.0016) than the dopaminergic metabolite HVA (r = 0.11, p = 0.60). There was a stronger relationship between the concentrations of 5-HIAA and the ratios of HVA to 5-HIAA in male CSF (r = -0.85, p = 0.0006) than in female CSF (r = -0.54, p = 0.01). Concentrations of CSF neurotransmitter metabolites were evaluated in horses grouped by age (0-4, 5-9 and 10-13 years). The youngest group of horses had a significantly (p = 0.003) greater CSF concentration of HVA than of 5-HIAA. The 10-13-year-old horses had a significantly (p = 0.02) lower mean CSF HVA concentration than the 0-4-year-old horses. No age-related differences in CSF 5-HIAA concentrations were detected.
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Publication Date: 1989-01-01 PubMed ID: 2476887DOI: 10.1007/BF00142050Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

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The research analyzed the cisterna magna cerebrospinal fluid in healthy horses to determine the presence of certain monoamine neurotransmitters and their metabolites. The study found the presence of metabolites homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in all samples, with a correlation between their concentrations and varying findings based on horse’s age and sex.

Methodology

  • The research sampled a small volume of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the cisterna magna of 23 neurologically normal horses.
  • Detection of monoamine neurotransmitters, specifically dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and serotonin, as well as their metabolites, was undertaken using high-pressure liquid chromatography and electrochemical detection methods.

Results

  • Two metabolites, HVA (the deaminated and methylated metabolite of dopamine) and 5-HIAA (the deaminated metabolite of serotonin) were found in all CSF samples.
  • The average concentration of HVA was 42.33 +/- 3.14 ng/ml, while that of 5-HIAA was 45.52 +/- 3.65 ng/ml.
  • A positive correlation was found between CSF concentrations of HVA and 5-HIAA. The mean ratio of HVA to 5-HIAA was 1.07 +/- 0.05.
  • The ratio of HVA to 5-HIAA concentrations was more closely associated with 5-HIAA (r = -0.62, p = 0.0016) than HVA (r = 0.11, p = 0.60), indicating that the serotonergic metabolite 5-HIAA was more significant than the dopaminergic metabolite HVA.
  • Notably, concentration-ratio relationships between 5-HIAA and HVA to 5-HIAA were stronger in male horses than in female ones.

Age-Based Evaluation

  • Researchers categorized the horses into three age groups—0-4 years, 5-9 years, and 10-13 years—to evaluate the concentrations of CSF neurotransmitter metabolites based on age.
  • Younger horses (0-4 years) had a significantly higher concentration of HVA than of 5-HIAA.
  • CSF HVA concentration was significantly lower in the oldest group (10-13 years) than in the youngest group, but no age-related changes in CSF 5-HIAA concentration were observed.

Cite This Article

APA
Vaughn DM, Smyth GB, Whitmer WL, Satjawatcharaphong C. (1989). Analysis of equine cisterna magna cerebrospinal fluid for the presence of some monoamine neurotransmitters and transmitter metabolites. Vet Res Commun, 13(3), 237-249. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00142050

Publication

Veterinary research communications
ISSN: 0165-7380
NlmUniqueID: 8100520
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 13
Issue: 3
Pages: 237-249

Researcher Affiliations

Vaughn, D M
  • Medicinal Biochemistry Laboratory, Scott-Ritchey Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Alabama 36849-5525.
Smyth, G B
    Whitmer, W L
      Satjawatcharaphong, C

        MeSH Terms

        • 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid / cerebrospinal fluid
        • Aging
        • Animals
        • Biogenic Monoamines / cerebrospinal fluid
        • Cisterna Magna / analysis
        • Female
        • Homovanillic Acid / cerebrospinal fluid
        • Horses / cerebrospinal fluid
        • Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid / cerebrospinal fluid
        • Male
        • Neurotransmitter Agents / cerebrospinal fluid

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        Citations

        This article has been cited 1 times.
        1. Vaughn DM, Smyth GB. Different gradients for neurotransmitter metabolites and protein in horse cerebrospinal fluid. Vet Res Commun 1989;13(6):413-9.
          doi: 10.1007/BF00402561pubmed: 2483597google scholar: lookup
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