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Home / Equine Research Bank / Anim Genet / Analysis of ROH patterns in the Noriker horse breed reveals ...
Animal genetics2019; 50(4); 334-346; doi: 10.1111/age.12797

Analysis of ROH patterns in the Noriker horse breed reveals signatures of selection for coat color and body size.

Abstract: Overlapping runs of homozygosity (ROH islands) shared by the majority of a population are hypothesized to be the result of selection around a target locus. In this study we investigated the impact of selection for coat color within the Noriker horse on autozygosity and ROH patterns. We analyzed overlapping homozygous regions (ROH islands) for gene content in fragments shared by more than 50% of horses. Long-term assortative mating of chestnut horses and the small effective population size of leopard spotted and tobiano horses resulted in higher mean genome-wide ROH coverage (S ) within the range of 237.4-284.2 Mb, whereas for bay, black and roan horses, where rotation mating is commonly applied, lower autozygosity (S from 176.4-180.0 Mb) was determined. We identified seven common ROH islands considering all Noriker horses from our dataset. Specific islands were documented for chestnut, leopard spotted, roan and bay horses. The ROH islands contained, among others, genes associated with body size (ZFAT, LASP1 and LCORL/NCAPG), coat color (MC1R in chestnut and the factor PATN1 in leopard spotted horses) and morphogenesis (HOXB cluster in all color strains except leopard spotted horses). This study demonstrates that within a closed population sharing the same founders and ancestors, selection on a single phenotypic trait, in this case coat color, can result in genetic fragmentation affecting levels of autozygosity and distribution of ROH islands and enclosed gene content.
© 2019 The Authors. Animal Genetics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Stichting International Foundation for Animal Genetics.
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Publication Date: 2019-06-14 PubMed ID: 31199540PubMed Central: PMC6617995DOI: 10.1111/age.12797Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research aims to analyze how the process of selection for specific traits such as coat color and body size impacts the genetic patterns in the Noriker horse breed. Understanding runs of homozygosity (ROH islands) and autozygosity can highlight how genomic selection can cause genetic fragmentation.

Objective and Methodology

  • The study focused on understanding the impact of selection for coat color within the Noriker horse breed on autozygosity and ROH patterns. It examined overlapping homozygous regions, or ROH islands, by considering gene content in fragments shared by more than 50% of the horse population. It studied the genomic changes resulting from long-term assortative mating of chestnut horses and the small effective population size of leopard spotted and tobiano horses.

Findings

  • The researchers found higher mean genome-wide ROH coverage in chestnut, leopard spotted, and tobiano horses due to long-term assortative mating and a small effective population size. For other color strains like bay, black, and roan horses where rotation mating is commonly applied, lower autozygosity was determined.
  • Seven common ROH islands were identified considering all Noriker horses from the study’s dataset. Additionally, specific islands were found for chestnut, leopard spotted, roan, and bay horses.
  • The researchers identified certain genes within the ROH islands that were associated with traits such as body size, coat color, and morphogenesis. These included ZFAT, LASP1, LCORL/NCAPG associated with body size, MC1R connected with chestnut coat color, PATN1 factor in leopard spotted horses, and the HOXB cluster tied to morphogenesis in all color strains except leopard spotted horses.

Conclusions

  • The study concluded that within a closed population that shares the same founders and ancestors, selection based on a single phenotypic trait, such as coat color, can result in genetic fragmentation and therefore affect levels of autozygosity and the distribution of ROH islands and enclosed gene content. This research demonstrates how the genetics of a breed can be influenced by the active selection of certain traits.

Cite This Article

APA
Grilz-Seger G, Druml T, Neuditschko M, Mesarič M, Cotman M, Brem G. (2019). Analysis of ROH patterns in the Noriker horse breed reveals signatures of selection for coat color and body size. Anim Genet, 50(4), 334-346. https://doi.org/10.1111/age.12797

Publication

Animal genetics
ISSN: 1365-2052
NlmUniqueID: 8605704
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 50
Issue: 4
Pages: 334-346

Researcher Affiliations

Grilz-Seger, G
  • Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Sciences Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, Vienna, A-1210, Austria.
Druml, T
  • Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Sciences Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, Vienna, A-1210, Austria.
Neuditschko, M
  • Swiss National Stud Farm, Agroscope, Les Longs Prés, Avenches, CH-1580, Switzerland.
Mesarič, M
  • Clinic for Reproduction and Large Animals, University of Ljubljana, Veterinary Faculty, Cesta v Mestni log 47, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia.
Cotman, M
  • Institute for Preclinical Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Veterinary Faculty, Gerbičeva 60, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia.
Brem, G
  • Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Sciences Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, Vienna, A-1210, Austria.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Body Size
  • Genetics, Population
  • Genotyping Techniques
  • Hair Color
  • Homozygote
  • Horses / classification
  • Horses / genetics
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

Grant Funding

  • 101332 / Bundesministerium fu00fcr Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft
  • P4-0053 / Slovenian Research Agency
  • 843464 / u00d6sterreichische Forschungsfu00f6rderungsgesellschaft

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

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