FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 10000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne2012; 53(6); 648-652;

Anesthetic management of a horse with traumatic pneumothorax.

Abstract: A traumatic pneumothorax and severe hemorrhage were present in a mare with a large thoracic wall defect, lung perforation, and multiple rib fractures. General anesthesia was induced to allow surgical exploration. We describe the anesthetic technique, and discuss the management of the ventilatory, hemodynamic, and metabolic disturbances encountered. Gestion de l’anesthésie générale d’un cheval avec un pneumothorax d’origine traumatique. Nous décrivons le cas d’une jument présentée avec un important déficit de la paroi thoracique d’origine traumatique, une perforation pulmonaire, ainsi que de multiples fractures costales, résultant en un pneumothorax et une hémorragie sévère. L’exploration chirurgicale a été réalisée sous anesthésie générale. Nous détaillons la gestion de l’anesthésie. De plus, les perturbations ventilatoires, hémodynamiques et métaboliques observées sont décrites et leur traitement discuté. (Traduit par les auteurs)
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2012-12-04 PubMed ID: 23204585PubMed Central: PMC3354825
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Case Reports
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study presents the successful anesthetic management and treatment of a horse suffering from traumatic pneumothorax and severe internal bleeding caused by a chest wound, lung perforation, and multiple rib fractures. The aim is to detail the treatment procedures and challenges encountered during anesthesia administration.

Anesthetic Management

  • The research aims to illuminate the complex process of providing anesthesia for a mare suffering from traumatic injuries including a severe thoracic wall defect, lung perforation, and multiple rib fractures.
  • This horse’s condition was further complicated by the presence of a traumatic pneumothorax, a condition where air or gas collects between the lung and the chest wall, leading to potential lung collapse, and a severe hemorrhage (serious internal bleeding).
  • The paper outlines the unique anesthetic techniques utilized to ensure the mare could be safely rendered unconscious for surgical exploration of her injuries.

Managing Ventilatory, Hemodynamic, and Metabolic Disturbances

  • One of the primary challenges faced was effectively managing the ventilatory, hemodynamic, and metabolic disturbances that presented as a result of the trauma and bodily damage.
  • Ventilatory complications – include issues with breathing – pose a particular risk, as the lung perforation and pneumothorax could potentially inhibit the horse’s ability to respirate normally under anesthesia.
  • In terms of hemodynamics – the study of blood flow – the severe hemorrhaging would present considerable risks, potentially leading to circulatory shock, where insufficient blood circulation leads to organ failure, or the formation of blood clots.
  • Metabolic disturbances, shifts in the regular biochemical processes of the body, can also prove hazardous, possibly triggering secondary issues such as acid/base imbalances or electrolyte abnormalities.
  • The researchers’ handling of these disturbances, ranging from the drugs used to administer anesthesia safely to the physical positioning of the horse, is detailed throughout the paper.

Significance and Conclusion

  • This case and the detailed documentation of anesthetic management strategies can serve as a valuable resource in the veterinary field for handling similar complex anesthetic situations.
  • The researchers not only successfully managed the surgical intervention, but also navigated the various anatomical and physiological challenges encountered due to the mare’s severe injuries. This highlights the importance of appropriate and strategic anesthetic, ventilatory, hemodynamic, and metabolic management in severely traumatic veterinary cases.

Cite This Article

APA
Chesnel MA, Aprea F, Clutton RE. (2012). Anesthetic management of a horse with traumatic pneumothorax. Can Vet J, 53(6), 648-652.

Publication

The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne
ISSN: 0008-5286
NlmUniqueID: 0004653
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 53
Issue: 6
Pages: 648-652

Researcher Affiliations

Chesnel, Maud-Aline
  • Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, the University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Midlothian, United Kingdom. mchesnel@staffmail.ed.ac.uk
Aprea, Francesco
    Clutton, R Eddie

      MeSH Terms

      • Anesthesia / methods
      • Anesthesia / veterinary
      • Animals
      • Fatal Outcome
      • Female
      • Hemodynamics / physiology
      • Hemorrhage / metabolism
      • Hemorrhage / surgery
      • Hemorrhage / veterinary
      • Horse Diseases / metabolism
      • Horse Diseases / surgery
      • Horses / injuries
      • Horses / surgery
      • Pneumothorax / metabolism
      • Pneumothorax / surgery
      • Pneumothorax / veterinary
      • Rib Fractures / metabolism
      • Rib Fractures / surgery
      • Rib Fractures / veterinary
      • Thoracic Injuries / metabolism
      • Thoracic Injuries / surgery
      • Thoracic Injuries / veterinary

      References

      This article includes 36 references
      1. Burbidge HM. Penetrating thoracic wound in a Hackney mare.. Equine Vet J 1982;14:94–95.
        pubmed: 7084188
      2. Laverty S, Lavoie JP, Pascoe JR, Ducharme N. Penetrating wounds of the thorax in 15 horses.. Equine Vet J 1996;28:220–224.
        pubmed: 28976713
      3. Boy MG, Sweeney CR. Pneumothorax in horses: 40 cases (1980–1997). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2000;216:1955–1959.
        pubmed: 10863596
      4. Robinson NE. How horses breathe: The respiratory muscles and the airways.. .
      5. Bennett RA, Orton EC, Tucker A, Heiller CL. Cardiopulmonary changes in conscious dogs with induced progressive pneumothorax.. Am J Vet Res 1989;50:280–284.
        pubmed: 2719395
      6. Abe K, Shimizu T, Takashina M, Shiozaki H, Yoshiya I. The effect of propofol, isoflurane, and sevoflurane on oxygenation and shunt fraction during one-lung ventilation.. Anaesth Analg 1998;87:1164–1169.
        pubmed: 9806702
      7. Beck DH, Doepfmer UR, Sinemus C, Bloch A, Schenk MR, Kox WJ. Effects of sevoflurane and propofol on pulmonary shunt fraction during one-lung ventilation for thoracic surgery.. Br J Anaesth 2001;86:38–43.
        pubmed: 11575407
      8. Pruszkowski O, Dalibon N, Moutafis M. Effects of propofol vs. sevoflurane on arterial oxygenation during one lung ventilation.. Br J Anaesth 2007;98:539–544.
        pubmed: 17347180
      9. Lennon P, Murray P. Attenuated hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction during isoflurane anesthesia is abolished by cyclooxygenase inhibition in chronically instrumented dogs.. Anesthesiology 1996;84:404–414.
        pubmed: 8602673
      10. Steffey EP, Mama KR, Galey FD, Puschner B, Woliner MJ. Effects of sevoflurane dose and mode of ventilation on cardiopulmonary function and blood biochemical variables in horses.. Am J Vet Res 2005;66:606–614.
        pubmed: 15900940
      11. Karanovic N, Pecotic R, Valic M. The acute hypoxic ventilatory response under halothane, isoflurane, and sevoflurane anaesthesia in rats.. Anaesthesia 2010;65:227–234.
        pubmed: 20003117
      12. Gleed RD, Dobson A. Improvement in arterial oxygen tension with change in posture in anaesthetised horses.. Res Vet Sci 1988;44:255–259.
        pubmed: 3133731
      13. Kerr CL, McDonell WN. Oxygen supplementation and ventilatory support.. .
      14. Robertson SA, Bailey JE. Aerosolized salbutamol improves PaO2 in hypoxemic anaesthetised horses — a prospective clinical trial in 81 horses.. Vet Anaesth Analg 2002;29:212–218.
        pubmed: 28404365
      15. Moens Y, Lagerweij E, Gootjes P, Poortman J. Influence of tidal volume and positive end-expiratory pressure on inspiratory gas distribution and gas exchange during mechanical ventilation in horses positioned in lateral recumbency.. Am J Vet Res 1998;59:307–312.
        pubmed: 9522950
      16. Moens Y, Gootjes P, Lagerweij E. A tracheal tube in tube technique for the functional separation of the lungs in the horse.. Equine Vet J 1994;24:103–106.
        pubmed: 1582386
      17. Ishibe Y, Gui X, Uno H, Shiokawa Y, Umeda T, Suekane K. Effect of sevoflurane on hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in the rabbit lung.. Anesthesiology 1993;79:1348–1353.
        pubmed: 8267210
      18. Lesitsky M, Davis S, Murray P. Preservation of hypoxic vasoconstriction during sevoflurane and desflurane anesthesia compared to the conscious state in chronically instrumented dogs.. Anesthesiology 1998;89:1501–1508.
        pubmed: 9856726
      19. Eger EI, Severinghaus JW. Effect of uneven pulmonary distribution of blood and gas on induction with inhalation anaesthetics.. Anesthesiology 1964;25:620–626.
        pubmed: 14211488
      20. Clutton RE, Boyd CM, Richards DLS, Welker FW, Modransky P. Anaesthetic problems caused by diaphragmatic hernia in the horse: A review of four cases.. Equine Vet J Suppl 1992;11:30–33.
        pubmed: 9109956
      21. Ko JCH, Weil AB, Inoue T. Effects of carprofen and morphine on the minimal alveolar concentration of isoflurane in dogs.. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2009;45:19–23.
        pubmed: 19122060
      22. Criado AB, Gómez de Segura IA, Tendillo FJ, Marsico F. Reduction of isoflurane MAC with buprenorphine and morphine in rats.. Lab Anim 2000;34:252–259.
        pubmed: 11037118
      23. Steffey EP, Eisele JH, Baggot JD. Interaction of morphine and isoflurane in horses.. Am J Vet Res 2003;64:166–175.
        pubmed: 12602585
      24. Clark L, Clutton RE, Blissitt KJ, Chase-Topping ME. Effect of peri-operative morphine administration during halothane anaesthesia in horses.. Vet Anaesth Analg 2005;32:10–15.
        pubmed: 15663734
      25. Julian LM, Lawrence JH, Berlin NI, Hyde GM. Blood volume, body water and body fat of the horse.. J Appl Physiol 1956;8:651–653.
        pubmed: 13331852
      26. Schmall LM, Muir WW, Robertson JT. Haemodynamic effects of small volume hypertonic saline in experimentally induced haemorrhagic shock.. Equine Vet J 1990;22:273–277.
        pubmed: 2209524
      27. Trim CM, Eaton SA, Parks AH. Severe nasal hemorrhage in an anaesthetised horse.. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1997;210:1324–1327.
        pubmed: 9143539
      28. Riddez L, Drobin D, Sjöstrand F, Svensén C, Hahn R. Lower dose of hypertonic saline dextran reduce the risk of lethal rebleeding in uncontrolled hemorrhage.. Shock 2002;17:377–382.
        pubmed: 12022757
      29. Kentner R, Safar P, Prueckner S. Titrated hypertonic/hyperoncotic solution for hypotensive fluid resuscitation during uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock in rats.. Resuscitation 2005;65:87–95.
        pubmed: 15797280
      30. Dubick MA, Brittig SP, Wade CE. Issues of concern regarding the use of hypertonic/hyperoncotic fluid resuscitation of hemorrhagic hypotension.. Shock 2006;25:321–328.
        pubmed: 16670632
      31. Hellyer PW, Wagner AE, Mama KR, Gaynor JS. The effect of dobutamine and ephedrine on packed cell volume, total protein, heart rate, and blood pressure in anaesthetised horse.. J Vet Pharm Therap 1998;21:497–499.
        pubmed: 9885974
      32. Langeron O, Doelberg M, Ang ET, Bonnet F, Capdevilla XX, Coriat P. Voluven®, a lower substituted Novel Hydroxyethyl starch (HES 130/0.4), causes fewer effects on coagulation in major orthopaedic surgery than HES 200/0.5.. Anesth Analg 2001;92:855–862.
        pubmed: 11273914
      33. Standl T, Burmeister MA, Schroeder F. Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.4 provides larger and faster increases in tissue oxygen tension in comparison with prehemodilution values than HES 70/0.5 or HES 200/0.5 in volunteers undergoing acute normovolemic hemodilution.. Anesth Analg 2003;96:936–943.
        pubmed: 12651637
      34. Schusser GF, Rieckhoff K, Ungemach FR, Huskamp NH, Scheidemann W. Effect of hydroxyethyl starch solution in normal horses and horses with colic or acute colitis.. J Vet Med 2007;54:592–598.
        pubmed: 18045345
      35. Jones PA, Tomasic M, Gentry PA. Oncotic, hemodilutional, and hemostatic effects of isotonic saline and hydroxyethyl starch solutions in clinically normal ponies.. Am J Vet Res 1997;58:541–548.
        pubmed: 9140565
      36. James MFM, Latoo MY, Mythen MG. Plasma volume changes associated with two hydroxyethyl starch colloids following acute hypovolaemia in volunteers.. Anaesthesia 2004;59:738–742.
        pubmed: 15270962

      Citations

      This article has been cited 0 times.
      Subscribe to our newsletter
      Join 99,780 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.