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Veterinary pathology2015; 52(5); 803-818; doi: 10.1177/0300985815588611

Animal Models of Osteoarthritis: Comparisons and Key Considerations.

Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is unquestionably one of the most important chronic health issues in humans, affecting millions of individuals and costing billions of dollars annually. Despite widespread awareness of this disease and its devastating impact, the pathogenesis of early OA is not completely understood, hampering the development of effective tools for early diagnosis and disease-modifying therapeutics. Most human tissue available for study is obtained at the time of joint replacement, when OA lesions are end stage and little can be concluded about the factors that played a role in disease development. To overcome this limitation, over the past 50 years, numerous induced and spontaneous animal models have been utilized to study disease onset and progression, as well as to test novel therapeutic interventions. Reflecting the heterogeneity of OA itself, no single "gold standard" animal model for OA exists; thus, a challenge for researchers lies in selecting the most appropriate model to answer a particular scientific question of interest. This review provides general considerations for model selection, as well as important features of species such as mouse, rat, guinea pig, sheep, goat, and horse, which researchers should be mindful of when choosing the "best" animal model for their intended purpose. Special consideration is given to key variations in pathology among species as well as recommended guidelines for reporting the histologic features of each model.
© The Author(s) 2015.
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Publication Date: 2015-06-10 PubMed ID: 26063173DOI: 10.1177/0300985815588611Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article presents an in-depth analysis of different animal models utilized over the years for studying the onset and progression of Osteoarthritis (OA), a chronic health problem in humans. The research also sheds light on the considerations for selecting the most appropriate animal model to answer particular research questions.

Understanding Osteoarthritis and the Need for Animal Models

  • As outlined in the research, Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, debilitating condition that affects millions of individuals and has huge financial implications, costing billions of dollars annually.
  • Despite widespread knowledge of the disease and its impact, the root causes of the earliest stages of OA remain unclear. This lack of understanding impedes the development of effective tools for early diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
  • Most human tissue samples used for studying OA are obtained during joint replacement surgeries, during which the disease is in its end stage. Hence, such samples offer little insight into the factors contributing to the disease’s development.
  • To get around this limitation, scientists have turned to many induced and spontaneous animal models over the past 50 years to study the disease’s onset and progression, and to test new therapeutic interventions.

Selecting Appropriate Animal Models for OA Research

  • According to the article, there’s no single “gold standard” animal model for OA research, reflecting the disease’s multifaceted nature. Therefore, researchers face challenges in choosing the most suitable model to address specific scientific questions or aims.
  • The study provides general considerations for selecting animal models. It also discusses crucial characteristics of different species — including mice, rats, guinea pigs, sheep, goats, and horses — that researchers need to consider when determining the “best” animal model for their specific purposes.
  • The authors underscore the importance of recognizing the key differences in pathology among these species. They also recommend the best ways of reporting the histologic features (the microscopic tissue anatomy that’s relevant to the disease) of each model.

Implications for OA Research and Treatment

  • The information provided in the research can help researchers select the most appropriate animal models for studying OA, potentially leading to more accurate understanding of the disease and its progression.
  • Such insights can further support the development of more effective diagnostic tools and disease-modifying treatments for OA — providing significant health benefits and cost savings.

Cite This Article

APA
McCoy AM. (2015). Animal Models of Osteoarthritis: Comparisons and Key Considerations. Vet Pathol, 52(5), 803-818. https://doi.org/10.1177/0300985815588611

Publication

Veterinary pathology
ISSN: 1544-2217
NlmUniqueID: 0312020
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 52
Issue: 5
Pages: 803-818

Researcher Affiliations

McCoy, A M
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA mccoya@illinois.edu.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Dogs
  • Goats
  • Guinea Pigs
  • Horses
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Osteoarthritis / pathology
  • Osteoarthritis / veterinary
  • Rabbits
  • Rats
  • Sheep

Citations

This article has been cited 188 times.
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