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Clinical and experimental immunology1987; 68(1); 86-92;

Anti-pseudomonas activity of anti-lipopolysaccharide hyperimmune equine plasma.

Abstract: Passive immunotherapy with anti-lipopolysaccharide hyperimmune equine plasma (Anti-LPS) is effective in treating experimental Gram-negative bacterial infections. The bactericidal activity of anti-LPS towards five different Pseudomonas species, including two multiresistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates was tested here, as well as the ability of anti-LPS to inhibit the quantitative chromogenic limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) assay. Anti-LPS caused a mean reduction of 84.4 +/- 3.2% (P less than 0.001) in the number of colony forming units (cfu) of all isolates, whereas saline and complement inactivated anti-LPS induced no reduction. Nonimmune control plasma caused a small reduction in % cfu but much less than anti-LPS hyperimmune plasma (13.5% vs 84.4%, P less than 0.001). In order to cause 99% inhibition of the LAL test of 5 ng/ml Pseudomonas aeruginosa LPS, IgG antibodies were required in 10(5)-fold excess. These results suggest that anti-LPS has potential in the therapy and prophylaxis of Gram-negative bacterial infections, especially where LPS is involved in the disease process.
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Publication Date: 1987-04-01 PubMed ID: 3115643PubMed Central: PMC1542696
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study investigated the effectiveness of using anti-lipopolysaccharide hyperimmune equine plasma (Anti-LPS) as a passive immunotherapy method against multiple resistant Pseudomonas bacterial infections, demonstrating that it significantly reduces the number of colony-forming bacteria and inhibits their activity.

Study Method and Findings

  • The researchers tested the bactericidal activity of anti-LPS on five different Pseudomonas species, specifically focusing on two resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. They used a quantitative chromogenic limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) assay to measure the effectiveness of this intended therapy.
  • The results indicated that anti-LPS caused an average reduction of about 84.4% in the colony-forming units (CFUs) of all tested bacterial isolates. In contrast, saline and complement-inactivated anti-LPS had no effect on the number of CFUs.
  • The study further compared the effectiveness of anti-LPS with nonimmune control plasma. The control plasma only managed a minor reduction of colony-forming units (about 13.5%) which was significantly lower than the amount reduced by the anti-LPS hyperimmune plasma.
  • To achieve a 99% inhibition rate on the LAL test of Pseudomonas aeruginosa LPS, the researchers concluded that IgG antibodies had to be present in a 10(5)-fold excess.

Implications of the Study

  • This study suggests that anti-LPS could be a potential therapy and preventative measure against Gram-negative bacterial infections, especially in cases where lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is involved in the disease process.
  • The effectiveness of anti-LPS against even resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa indicates its promise in combating rising antibiotic resistance in different bacterial species.
  • However, the requirement for IgG antibodies to be in 10(5)-fold excess for significant bacterial inhibition underscores the need for optimal conditions and concentrated use of anti-LPS for it to be truly effective.

Cite This Article

APA
Wells M, Gaffin SL. (1987). Anti-pseudomonas activity of anti-lipopolysaccharide hyperimmune equine plasma. Clin Exp Immunol, 68(1), 86-92.

Publication

Clinical and experimental immunology
ISSN: 0009-9104
NlmUniqueID: 0057202
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 68
Issue: 1
Pages: 86-92

Researcher Affiliations

Wells, M
  • Department of Physiology, University of Natal Medical School, Congella, South Africa.
Gaffin, S L

    MeSH Terms

    • Animals
    • Blood Bactericidal Activity
    • Horses
    • Immunization, Passive
    • Immunoglobulin G / immunology
    • Limulus Test
    • Lipopolysaccharides / immunology
    • Pseudomonas / immunology
    • Pseudomonas aeruginosa / immunology

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