Antibody Responses Against Equine Influenza Virus Induced by Concurrent and by Consecutive Use of an Inactivated Equine Influenza Virus Vaccine and a Modified Live Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 Vaccine in Thoroughbred Racehorses.
Abstract: An inactivated equine influenza virus (EIV) vaccine and a live equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) vaccine are usually administered concurrently to Thoroughbred racehorses in Japan. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether concurrent administration of an inactivated EIV vaccine and a live EHV-1 vaccine in Thoroughbred racehorses influences the antibody response against EIV. We compared the antibody response against EIV in horses administered both vaccines on the same day (Group A; n = 27) and the response in horses administered an inactivated EIV vaccine first and then a live EHV-1 vaccine 1-2 weeks later (Group B; n = 20). In both groups, geometric mean hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers against A/equine/Ibaraki/1/2007 and A/equine/Yokohama/aq13/2010 increased significantly after EIV vaccination. However, the percentage of horses that showed a twofold increase or greater in HI titers against A/equine/Yokohama/aq13/2010 was significantly higher in Group B (75%) than in Group A (37%; P = .02). These results suggest that the concurrent use of an inactivated EIV vaccine and a live EHV-1 vaccine reduced the immune response against EIV to some extent, and it would be better to use these vaccines consecutively, especially for naïve horses or horses whose vaccination history is incomplete.
Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier Inc.
Publication Date: 2020-08-07 PubMed ID: 33077093DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103221Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This study evaluated the immune response of Thoroughbred racehorses in Japan to concurrent and sequential administration of an inactivated equine influenza virus (EIV) vaccine and a live equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) vaccine. The results suggested that sequential administration might prompt a stronger immune response.
Objective and Approach
- The research aimed to determine whether the concurrent (at the same time) or consecutive (one after another) usage of an inactivated EIV and live EHV-1 vaccine influences the antibody response against EIV in Thoroughbred racehorses.
- The study was conducted on two groups of horses: Group A (27 horses) that received both vaccines on the same day, and Group B (20 horses) that were first given the EIV vaccine followed by the EHV-1 vaccine 1-2 weeks later.
Methodology and Parameters Used
- After immunization, researchers examined the horses’ antigen-antibody reactions using tests for hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers against two strains of the EIV.
- The main parameter of interest was the percentage of horses that demonstrated a twofold increase or more in HI titers, a measure of successful immune response, against a specific EIV variant.
Findings and Implications
- Both groups showed a significant increase in HI titers against the EIV strains after vaccination, thus indicating a considerable immune response.
- However, the proportion of horses that exhibited a twofold or greater increase in HI titers was notably higher in Group B (75%) compared to Group A (37%), suggesting a more potent immune response.
- The results imply that concurrent application of the inactivated EIV vaccine and the live EHV-1 vaccine may somewhat diminish the immune response against EIV.
- The research suggests easing the use of these vaccines consecutively, especially in horses that are either unexposed to these diseases (naïve) or have an incomplete vaccination history.
Cite This Article
APA
Ohta M, Bannai H, Nemoto M, Kambayashi Y, Tamura N, Tsujimura K.
(2020).
Antibody Responses Against Equine Influenza Virus Induced by Concurrent and by Consecutive Use of an Inactivated Equine Influenza Virus Vaccine and a Modified Live Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 Vaccine in Thoroughbred Racehorses.
J Equine Vet Sci, 94, 103221.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103221 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Molecular Biology Division, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan. Electronic address: minoru_ota@jra.go.jp.
- Molecular Biology Division, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
- Molecular Biology Division, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
- Molecular Biology Division, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
- Clinical Veterinary Medicine Division, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
- Molecular Biology Division, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral
- Antibody Formation
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid
- Horse Diseases / prevention & control
- Horses
- Influenza Vaccines
- Japan
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Lee DH, Lee EB, Seo JP, Ko EJ. Evaluation of concurrent vaccinations with recombinant canarypox equine influenza virus and inactivated equine herpesvirus vaccines. J Anim Sci Technol 2022 May;64(3):588-598.
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