FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 9000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Home / Equine Research Bank / Arch Virol / Antigenic properties of some equine influenza viruses.
Archives of virology1982; 73(1); 15-24; doi: 10.1007/BF01341723

Antigenic properties of some equine influenza viruses.

Abstract: The antigenic relationships between the haemagglutinins of five A/equine-1 viruses and between six A/equine-2 viruses were examined using post-infection ferret and immunized pony sera. Similar results were obtained with sera from both species for the A/equine-1 viruses and these confirmed minor antigenic differences between the prototype A/Prague 1/56 virus and viruses isolated in England in 1973 and 1977. Considerable antigenic differences were found between five of the A/equine-2 viruses, using ferret sera, but these differences were less evident using pony sera. The response of ponies to the inactivated viruses indicated that there was little need to change the virus strains used in the manufacture of commercial equine influenza vaccines.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 1982-01-01 PubMed ID: 6181759DOI: 10.1007/BF01341723Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Comparative Study
  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article analyzes the antigenic differences between various strains of equine influenza viruses. It found minor antigenic variations in some strains while significant differences in others, yet implies current equine influenza vaccine compositions remain adequate.

Objective of the Research

  • The prime purpose of this research was to investigate the antigenic properties of different strains of equine influenza viruses, specifically the A/equine-1 viruses and A/equine-2 viruses.

Methodology

  • The antigenic relationships were examined using post-infection ferret and immunized pony sera.
  • The researchers aimed to validate the similarities and differences in the antigenic behaviours by juxtaposing their results from two different species, ferret and pony.

Findings

  • The results demonstrated minor antigenic differences between the A/Prague 1/56 virus (the prototype) and viruses isolated in England in 1973 and 1977.
  • Significant antigenic differences were observed between five of the A/equine-2 viruses, with the detection being more pronounced with ferret sera than with pony sera.

Implications of the Findings

  • The response of ponies to the inactivated viruses indicated that despite the observed antigenic differences, current strains used in manufacturing commercial equine influenza vaccines do not require modification.
  • The existing vaccines appear sufficiently robust to cope with the minor antigenic differences within A/equine-1 viruses and the noticeably considerable differences within A/equine-2 viruses.

Limited Scope

  • The study was limited to a small number of virus strains and further research is needed to establish a broader application of these findings.
  • The antigenic differences were distinctly less apparent with pony sera than with ferret sera, signalling potential gaps in our understanding of how different species may react to the viruses and consequently, to the vaccines.

Cite This Article

APA
Burrows R, Denyer M. (1982). Antigenic properties of some equine influenza viruses. Arch Virol, 73(1), 15-24. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01341723

Publication

Archives of virology
ISSN: 0304-8608
NlmUniqueID: 7506870
Country: Austria
Language: English
Volume: 73
Issue: 1
Pages: 15-24

Researcher Affiliations

Burrows, R
    Denyer, M

      MeSH Terms

      • Animals
      • Epitopes
      • Ferrets / immunology
      • Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests
      • Hemagglutinins, Viral / immunology
      • Horses / immunology
      • Immunization
      • Influenza A virus / immunology
      • Species Specificity

      References

      This article includes 14 references
      1. Estola T, Neuvonen E. Experience of the efficacy of equine influenza vaccinations.. Nord Vet Med 1976 Jul-Aug;28(7-8):353-6.
        pubmed: 958867
      2. Burrows R, Denyer M, Goodridge D, Hamilton F. Field and laboratory studies of equine influenza viruses isolated in 1979.. Vet Rec 1981 Oct 17;109(16):353-6.
        pubmed: 6275599doi: 10.1136/vr.109.16.353google scholar: lookup
      3. DAVIE J. A COMPLEMENT FIXATION TECHNIQUE FOR THE QUANTITATIVE MEASUREMENT OF ANTIGENIC DIFFERENCES BETWEEN STRAINS OF THE VIRUS OF FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE.. J Hyg (Lond) 1964 Dec;62(4):401-11.
        pubmed: 14239920doi: 10.1017/s0022172400040146google scholar: lookup
      4. van Oirschot JT, Masurel N, Huffels AD, Anker WJ. Equine influenza in the Netherlands during the winter of 1978-1979; antigenic drift of the A-equi 2 virus.. Vet Q 1981 Apr;3(2):80-4.
        pubmed: 7245173doi: 10.1080/01652176.1981.9693801google scholar: lookup
      5. . A revision of the system of nomenclature for influenza viruses: a WHO memorandum.. Bull World Health Organ 1980;58(4):585-91.
        pubmed: 6969132
      6. Oxford JS, Haaheim LR, Slepushkin A, Werner J, Kuwert E, Schild GC. Strain specificity of serum antibody to the haemagglutinin of influenza A (H3N2) viruses in children following immunization or natural infection.. J Hyg (Lond) 1981 Feb;86(1):17-26.
        pubmed: 7462596doi: 10.1017/s0022172400068704google scholar: lookup
      7. Powell DG, Thomson GR, Spooner P, Plowright W, Burrows R, Schild GC. The outbreak of equine influenza in England April-May 1973.. Vet Rec 1974 Mar 30;94(13):282-7.
        pubmed: 4826197doi: 10.1136/vr.94.13.282google scholar: lookup
      8. Burrows R, Spooner PR, Goodridge D. A three-year evaluation of four commercial equine influenza vaccines in ponies maintained in isolation.. Dev Biol Stand 1977 Jun 1-3;39:341-6.
        pubmed: 604118
      9. ARCHETTI I, HORSFALL FL Jr. Persistent antigenic variation of influenza A viruses after incomplete neutralization in ovo with heterologous immune serum.. J Exp Med 1950 Nov 1;92(5):441-62.
        pubmed: 14778924doi: 10.1084/jem.92.5.441google scholar: lookup
      10. Wadey CN, Faragher JT. Australian infectious bronchitis viruses: identification of nine subtypes by a neutralisation test.. Res Vet Sci 1981 Jan;30(1):70-4.
        pubmed: 6264556doi: 10.1016/S0034-5288(18)32611-0google scholar: lookup
      11. Bürki F, Lamatsch O. Surveillance for immunity against equine influenza virus infections.. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 1981;4(3-4):267-78.
        pubmed: 6174266doi: 10.1016/0147-9571(81)90012-6google scholar: lookup
      12. Thomson GR, Mumford JA, Spooner PR, Burrows R, Powell DG. The outbreak of equine influenza in England: January 1976.. Vet Rec 1977 May 28;100(22):465-8.
        pubmed: 17942doi: 10.1136/vr.100.22.465google scholar: lookup
      13. Burrows R, Goodridge D, Denyer M, Hutchings G, Frank CJ. Equine influenza infections in Great Britain, 1979.. Vet Rec 1982 May 22;110(21):494-7.
        pubmed: 6287694doi: 10.1136/vr.110.21.494google scholar: lookup
      14. John TJ, Fulginiti VA. Parainfluenza 2 virus: increase in hemagglutinin titer on treatment with Tween-80 and ether.. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1966 Jan;121(1):109-11.
        pubmed: 4285503doi: 10.3181/00379727-121-30711google scholar: lookup

      Citations

      This article has been cited 5 times.
      1. Reemers S, Sonnemans D, Horspool L, van Bommel S, Cao Q, van de Zande S. Determining Equine Influenza Virus Vaccine Efficacy-The Specific Contribution of Strain Versus Other Vaccine Attributes.. Vaccines (Basel) 2020 Sep 3;8(3).
        doi: 10.3390/vaccines8030501pubmed: 32899189google scholar: lookup
      2. Paillot R. A Systematic Review of Recent Advances in Equine Influenza Vaccination.. Vaccines (Basel) 2014 Nov 14;2(4):797-831.
        doi: 10.3390/vaccines2040797pubmed: 26344892google scholar: lookup
      3. Binns MM, Daly JM, Chirnside ED, Mumford JA, Wood JM, Richards CM, Daniels RS. Genetic and antigenic analysis of an equine influenza H 3 isolate from the 1989 epidemic.. Arch Virol 1993;130(1-2):33-43.
        doi: 10.1007/BF01318994pubmed: 8503788google scholar: lookup
      4. Denyer MS, Crowther JR, Wardley RC, Burrows R. Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of specific antibodies against an H7N7 and an H3N8 equine influenza virus.. J Hyg (Lond) 1984 Dec;93(3):609-20.
        doi: 10.1017/s0022172400065189pubmed: 6512260google scholar: lookup
      5. Mumford J, Wood JM, Scott AM, Folkers C, Schild GC. Studies with inactivated equine influenza vaccine. 2. Protection against experimental infection with influenza virus A/equine/Newmarket/79 (H3N8).. J Hyg (Lond) 1983 Jun;90(3):385-95.
        doi: 10.1017/s0022172400029016pubmed: 6306098google scholar: lookup
      Subscribe to our newsletter
      Join 99,344 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.