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Schweizer Archiv fur Tierheilkunde2018; 160(11); 665-671; doi: 10.17236/sat00184

Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of blood culture isolates from foals in Switzerland.

Abstract: We report blood culture results of 43 foals admitted to an equine hospital for medical or surgical disorders and determine minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of different antibiotics. Eleven foals had a positive blood culture result despite prior administration of antibiotics in 10 of these animals. MIC values above EUCAST and/or CLSI breakpoints were identified in coagulase-negative staphylococci, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Enterococcus faecium. Gram-negative isolates were less frequently identified and did not appear to exhibit increased MIC values. This study shows that bloodstream infections in foals in Switzerland are caused by diverse bacteria including Gram-positive bacteria which exhibit resistance to several classes of antibiotics. Im Rahmen dieser Studie präsentieren wir Resultate von Blutkulturen von 43 Fohlen, die aufgrund einer internistischen oder chirurgischen Erkrankung in der Pferdeklinik vorgestellt wurden. Elf dieser Fohlen zeigten ein bakterielles Wachstum in der Blutkultur obwohl 10 von ihnen bereits vom Privattierarzt mit Antibiotika vorbehandelt wurden. Koagulase-negative Staphylokokken, Methicillin-resistente Staphylococcus aureus und Enterococcus faecium zeigten minimale Hemmstoffkonzentrationen oberhalb der EUCAST und/oder CLSI Referenzen. Gram-negative Bakterien wurden seltener identifiziert und zeigten keinen Anstieg minimaler Hemmstoffkonzentrationen. Diese Studie zeigt, dass septische Infektionen bei Fohlen in der Schweiz durch ein breites Spektrum an Bakterien verursacht werden können. Unter Anderem kommt in dieser Studie Gram-positiven Bakterien eine besondere Bedeutung zu, aufgrund der erhöhten Resistenzen gegen diverse Antibiotika. Nous rapportons les résultats d’hémoculture de 43 poulains admis dans un hôpital équin pour des affections médicales ou chirurgicales et déterminons les concentrations minimales inhibitrices (CMI) de différents antibiotiques. Le résultat de l’hémoculture a été positif pour onze poulains malgré l’administration préalable d’antibiotiques à 10 de ces animaux. Des valeurs de CMI supérieures aux seuils EUCAST et/ou CLSI ont été identifiées chez des staphylocoques coagulase négative, chez Staphylococcus aureus résistant à la méthicilline (MRSA) et chez Enterococcus faecium. Les isolats Gram négatifs étaient moins fréquemment identifiés et ne semblaient pas présenter de valeurs de CMI augmentées. Cette étude montre que les infections sanguines des poulains en Suisse sont causées par diverses bactéries, notamment des bactéries Gram positif, qui résistent à plusieurs classes d’antibiotiques. In questo studio vengono riportati i risultati delle emocolture di 43 puledri che sono stati ricoverati in un ospedale equino per dei disturbi medici o chirurgici e sono state determinate le concentrazioni minime inibitorie (MIC) di diversi antibiotici. Undici puledri hanno avuto un risultato positivo dell’emocoltura nonostante la precedente somministrazione di antibiotici in 10 di questi animali. I valori delle MIC superiori ai breakpoint EUCAST e/o CLSI sono stati identificati negli stafilococchi coagulasi-negativi, Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) resistente alla meticillina e Enterococcus faecium. Gli isolati Gram-negativi venivano identificati meno di frequente e non sembravano mostrare i valori delle MIC aumentati. Questo studio dimostra che le infezioni del sangue nei puledri in Svizzera sono causate da diversi batteri, tra cui i batteri Gram-positivi che mostrano resistenza a diverse classi di antibiotici.
Publication Date: 2018-11-01 PubMed ID: 30379134DOI: 10.17236/sat00184Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

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The research article reports on the susceptibility of bacteria isolated from blood cultures in foals to antibiotics. The study discovered a significant resistance of Gram-positive bacteria to several types of antibiotics in foals admitted to an equine hospital in Switzerland.

Research Method

  • The researchers obtained blood culture results from 43 foals that were admitted to an equine hospital for medical or surgical treatment.
  • They determined the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of different antibiotics. MIC refers to the lowest concentration of an antimicrobial (like an antifungal, antibiotic, etc.) that will inhibit the visible growth of a microorganism after overnight incubation.
  • Although 10 out of the total foals had been previously treated with antibiotics, 11 of them had a positive blood culture result indicating active bacterial infection.

Key Findings

  • High MIC values, indicating resistance to antibiotics, were identified in bacteria such as coagulase-negative staphylococci, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Enterococcus faecium.
  • Gram-negative bacteria were identified less often and did not appear to exhibit increased MIC values, suggesting that they were not as resistant to antibiotics.
  • Therefore, the research reveals that bloodstream infections in Swiss foals can be caused by a diverse range of bacteria, with Gram-positive bacteria showing noticeable resistance to several classes of antibiotics.

Implications

  • This research points out the growing problem of antibiotic resistance in veterinary medicine, specifically in the treatment of foals in Switzerland.
  • The findings suggest that current common treatments may be less effective, potentially leading to longer, more difficult treatment processes for these animals.
  • The study underscores the importance of ongoing research into novel antimicrobial agents and the prudent use of current ones to manage antibiotic resistance effectively.

Cite This Article

APA
Fouché N, Gerber V, Thomann A, Perreten V. (2018). Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of blood culture isolates from foals in Switzerland. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd, 160(11), 665-671. https://doi.org/10.17236/sat00184

Publication

ISSN: 0036-7281
NlmUniqueID: 0424247
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 160
Issue: 11
Pages: 665-671

Researcher Affiliations

Fouché, N
  • Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine (ISME), Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, and Agroscope, Switzerland.
Gerber, V
  • Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine (ISME), Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, and Agroscope, Switzerland.
Thomann, A
  • Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern.
Perreten, V
  • Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage
  • Bacteremia / blood
  • Bacteremia / microbiology
  • Bacteremia / veterinary
  • Bacteria / drug effects
  • Bacteria / isolation & purification
  • Blood Culture / veterinary
  • Drug Resistance, Bacterial
  • Horse Diseases / blood
  • Horse Diseases / drug therapy
  • Horse Diseases / microbiology
  • Horses
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Switzerland

Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
  1. Graham AE, Colgate VA, Floyd EF. Antibiograms of Bacterial Cultures From Equine Neonates at a United Kingdom Hospital: 381 Samples (2018-2023). J Vet Intern Med 2025 Sep-Oct;39(5):e70198.
    doi: 10.1111/jvim.70198pubmed: 40802493google scholar: lookup
  2. Scholtzek AD, Hanke D, Walther B, Eichhorn I, Stöckle SD, Klein KS, Gehlen H, Lübke-Becker A, Schwarz S, Feßler AT. Molecular Characterization of Equine Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Exhibiting Reduced Oxacillin Susceptibility. Toxins (Basel) 2019 Sep 13;11(9).
    doi: 10.3390/toxins11090535pubmed: 31540335google scholar: lookup