Antiproteins in Horse Sera: III. Antibodies to Rabbit Serum Albumin and Their Reaction with Antigen.
Abstract: 1. Two horses were injected subcutaneously with alum-precipitated rabbit serum albumin. 2. The resulting antibody resembled diphtheria antitoxin and anti-egg albumin in the horse in giving a sharp zone of flocculation with antigen, in being water-soluble, in reactivity toward an anti-antibody rabbit serum, and in its electrophoretic properties. 3. The effect of continued immunization, and of variation in volume and temperature on the reactivity of the antibody are discussed. 4. Intravenous injection of the same antigen into horses did not give rise to detectable amounts of antibody of the same type.
Publication Date: 1947-07-31 PubMed ID: 19871668PubMed Central: PMC2135715DOI: 10.1084/jem.86.2.83Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research aimed to investigate how horse bodies react to rabbit serum albumin, an antigen. Through injections, they studied antibody responses and the effects of additional immunization, different temperatures and volumes on the reactivity of the antibody.
Introduction and Methodology
- The researchers performed an experiment on two horses wherein they were injected subcutaneously (under the skin) with alum-precipitated rabbit serum albumin. Rabbit serum albumin is a protein in rabbit’s blood that can function as an antigen – a substance that triggers an immune response.
- The aim was to stimulate an immune response in the horses and study the antibodies produced as a result. These antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that can recognize and neutralize specific antigens.
Findings
- The resulting antibody from the horses resembled diphtheria antitoxin and anti-egg albumin. These antibodies also produced a precise zone of aggregation when in contact with the antigen, indicating a strong immune response.
- The produced antibody showcased similarities in multiple aspects. It was water soluble, reacted actively to anti-antibody rabbit serum, and exhibited similar electrophoretic properties (behaviour under the influence of an electric field).
Continued Immunization and Variable Conditions
- The researchers studied the effect of continued immunization on the antibodies produced. They also varied the volume and temperature during the experiment, observing any change in the reactivity of the antibody towards the antigen.
- These results were considered critical as they can provide insights into how these conditions might impact the immune response in real-world scenarios.
Intravenous Injection Findings
- As a part of the study, the same antigen was directly injected into the horses’ bloodstream. However, this method did not seem to generate any significant amounts of the same type of antibody.
- This suggests that the route of administration (subcutaneous vs intravenous) influences the type and degree of immune responses, which could prove useful in designing more effective treatment or vaccination strategies.
Cite This Article
APA
Treffers HP, Heidelberger M, Freund J.
(1947).
Antiproteins in Horse Sera: III. Antibodies to Rabbit Serum Albumin and Their Reaction with Antigen.
J Exp Med, 86(2), 83-94.
https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.86.2.83 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and the Presbyterian Hospital; and the Bureau of Laboratories of the Department of Health, New York.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antibodies
- Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic
- Antigens
- Horses
- Immunization
- Immunologic Factors
- Rabbits
- Serum Albumin
References
This article includes 15 references
- Treffers HP, Moore DH, Heidelberger M. QUANTITATIVE EXPERIMENTS WITH ANTIBODIES TO A SPECIFIC PRECIPITATE : III. ANTIGENIC PROPERTIES OF HORSE SERUM FRACTIONS ISOLATED BY ELECTROPHORESIS AND BY ULTRACENTRIFUGATION.. J Exp Med 1942 Jan 31;75(2):135-50.
- Hottle GA, Pappenheimer AM. A QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF THE SCARLET FEVER TOXIN-ANTITOXIN FLOCCULATION REACTION.. J Exp Med 1941 Nov 30;74(6):545-56.
- Heidelberger M, Kendall FE. THE PRECIPITIN REACTION BETWEEN TYPE III PNEUMOCOCCUS POLYSACCHARIDE AND HOMOLOGOUS ANTIBODY : II. CONDITIONS FOR QUANTITATIVE PRECIPITATION OF ANTIBODY IN HORSE SERA.. J Exp Med 1935 Mar 31;61(4):559-62.
- Heidelberger M. ANTIPROTEINS IN HORSE SERA : II. ANTIBODIES TO PNEUMOCOCCUS NUCLEOPROTEIN AND THEIR REACTION WITH ANTIGEN.. J Exp Med 1947 Jul 31;86(2):77-81.
- Pappenheimer AM. ANTI-EGG ALBUMIN ANTIBODY IN THE HORSE.. J Exp Med 1940 Jan 31;71(2):263-9.
- Treffers HP, Heidelberger M. QUANTITATIVE EXPERIMENTS WITH ANTIBODIES TO A SPECIFIC PRECIPITATE. I.. J Exp Med 1941 Jan 1;73(1):125-40.
- Heidelberger M, Kendall FE, Soo Hoo CM. QUANTITATIVE STUDIES ON THE PRECIPITIN REACTION : ANTIBODY PRODUCTION IN RABBITS INJECTED WITH AN AZO PROTEIN.. J Exp Med 1933 Jul 31;58(2):137-52.
- Tiselius A, Kabat EA. AN ELECTROPHORETIC STUDY OF IMMUNE SERA AND PURIFIED ANTIBODY PREPARATIONS.. J Exp Med 1939 Jan 1;69(1):119-31.
- Pappenheimer AM, Lundgren HP, Williams JW. STUDIES ON THE MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF DIPHTHERIA TOXIN, ANTITOXIN, AND THEIR REACTION PRODUCTS.. J Exp Med 1940 Jan 31;71(2):247-62.
- Smetana H, Shemin D. STUDIES ON PHOTO-OXIDATION OF ANTIGEN AND ANTIBODIES.. J Exp Med 1941 Jan 31;73(2):223-42.
- Treffers HP, Heidelberger M, Freund J. ANTIPROTEINS IN HORSE SERA : IV. ANTIBODIES TO RABBIT SERUM GLOBULIN AND THEIR INTERACTION WITH ANTIGEN.. J Exp Med 1947 Jul 31;86(2):95-106.
- Heidelberger M, Kendall FE. A QUANTITATIVE THEORY OF THE PRECIPITIN REACTION : III. THE REACTION BETWEEN CRYSTALLINE EGG ALBUMIN AND ITS HOMOLOGOUS ANTIBODY.. J Exp Med 1935 Oct 31;62(5):697-720.
- Julianelle LA. REACTIONS OF RABBITS TO INTRACUTANEOUS INJECTIONS OF PNEUMOCOCCI AND THEIR PRODUCTS : I. THE ANTIBODY RESPONSE.. J Exp Med 1930 Feb 28;51(3):441-8.
- Heidelberger M, Kabat EA. CHEMICAL STUDIES ON BACTERIAL AGGLUTINATION : I. A METHOD.. J Exp Med 1934 Oct 31;60(5):643-53.
- Heidelberger M, Treffers HP, Mayer M. A QUANTITATIVE THEORY OF THE PRECIPITIN REACTION : VII. THE EGG ALBUMIN-ANTIBODY REACTION IN ANTISERA FROM THE RABBIT AND HORSE.. J Exp Med 1940 Jan 31;71(2):271-82.
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Treffers HP, Heidelberger M, Freund J. ANTIPROTEINS IN HORSE SERA : IV. ANTIBODIES TO RABBIT SERUM GLOBULIN AND THEIR INTERACTION WITH ANTIGEN. J Exp Med 1947 Jul 31;86(2):95-106.
- KRUEGER RC, HEIDELBERGER M. Effect of the removal of lipids on specific precipitation. J Exp Med 1950 Nov 1;92(5):383-91.
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