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Home / Equine Research Bank / Virol J / Antiviral potency and functional analysis of tetherin orthol...
Virology journal2014; 11; 151; doi: 10.1186/1743-422X-11-151

Antiviral potency and functional analysis of tetherin orthologues encoded by horse and donkey.

Abstract: Tetherin is an interferon-inducible host cell factor that blocks the viral particle release of the enveloped viruses. Most knowledge regarding the interaction between tetherin and viruses has been obtained using the primate lentiviral system. However, much less is known about the functional roles of tetherin on other lentiviruses. Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) is an important macrophage-tropic lentivirus that has been widely used as a practical model for investigating the evolution of the host-virus relationship. The host range of EIAV is reported to include all members of the Equidae family. However, EIAV has different clinical responses in horse and donkey. It's intriguing to investigate the similarities and differences between the tetherin orthologues encoded by horse and donkey. Results: We report here that there are two equine tetherin orthologues. Compared to horse tetherin, there are three valine amino acid deletions within the transmembrane domain and three distinct mutations within the ectodomain of donkey tetherin. However, the antiviral activity of donkey tetherin was not affected by amino acid deletion or substitution. In addition, both tetherin orthologues encoded by horse and donkey are similarly sensitive to EIAV Env protein, and equally activate NF-κB signaling. Conclusions: Our data suggest that both tetherin orthologues encoded by horse and donkey showed similar antiviral activities and abilities to induce NF-κB signaling. In addition, the phenomenon about the differential responses of horses and donkeys to infection with EIAV was not related with the differences in the structure of the corresponding tetherin orthologues.
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Publication Date: 2014-08-27 PubMed ID: 25158826PubMed Central: PMC4152588DOI: 10.1186/1743-422X-11-151Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research investigated differences in a specific antiviral protein, tetherin, found in horses and donkeys, and how these differences might influence susceptibility to a particular virus, EIAV. Despite structural differences, both horse and donkey versions of tetherin were found to be similarly effective at suppressing the virus and inducing a particular immune response.

Objectives and Background

  • The overall objective of this research was to comprehend the functional roles and viral interaction of tetherin. Tetherin plays a crucial role in blocking the release of enveloped viruses. However, most of the available knowledge is based on primate lentiviral systems, and less is known about its effect on lentiviruses like EIAV.
  • EIAV, a lentivirus that infects macrophages, is known to affect all members of the Equidae family, which includes horses and donkeys. But it was observed that EIAV has different clinical responses in both these animals. The research thus targeted to explore the role of tetherin in these distinct responses.

Methods and Findings

  • Your researchers identified two types of tetherin in equids (horses and donkeys). The donkey’s version of the protein had three redundant valine amino acids in its transmembrane domain and three distinct mutations in its ectodomain compared to the horse’s version.
  • Despite these differences, the donkey’s version of tetherin was found to be as effective as the horse’s at blocking the virus. This effectiveness was not affected by the amino acid deletions or substitutions in the donkey’s tetherin.
  • Both versions of tetherin were equally sensitive to the EIAV Env protein and had similar capabilities to activate NF-κB signaling, an immune response.

Conclusions

  • The research concluded that both horse and donkey tetherin, despite their structural differences, showed similar antiviral activities and abilities to induce NF-κB signaling.
  • The differences in the clinical responses of horses and donkeys to EIAV was determined as not related to the differences between their corresponding tetherin proteins.

Cite This Article

APA
Yin X, Guo M, Gu Q, Wu X, Wei P, Wang X. (2014). Antiviral potency and functional analysis of tetherin orthologues encoded by horse and donkey. Virol J, 11, 151. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-11-151

Publication

Virology journal
ISSN: 1743-422X
NlmUniqueID: 101231645
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 11
Pages: 151
PII: 151

Researcher Affiliations

Yin, Xin
    Guo, Miaomiao
      Gu, Qinyong
        Wu, Xingliang
          Wei, Ping
          • College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China. weiiping@163.com.
          Wang, Xiaojun

            MeSH Terms

            • Amino Acid Sequence
            • Animals
            • Antigens, CD / genetics
            • Antigens, CD / metabolism
            • Antigens, CD / pharmacology
            • Antiviral Agents / pharmacology
            • Cells, Cultured
            • Cloning, Molecular
            • Equidae / genetics
            • Equidae / metabolism
            • Gene Expression Regulation
            • Humans
            • Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine / drug effects
            • Macrophages / metabolism
            • Membrane Glycoproteins / genetics
            • Membrane Glycoproteins / metabolism
            • Membrane Glycoproteins / pharmacology
            • Molecular Sequence Data
            • Mutation
            • NF-kappa B / genetics
            • NF-kappa B / metabolism
            • Protein Isoforms
            • Signal Transduction
            • T-Lymphocytes / metabolism

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            Citations

            This article has been cited 1 times.
            1. Lee W, Park KD, Taye M, Lee C, Kim H, Lee HK, Shin D. Analysis of cross-population differentiation between Thoroughbred and Jeju horses.. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2018 Aug;31(8):1110-1118.
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