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Application of a type-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for equine herpesvirus types 1 and 4 (EHV-1 and -4) to horse populations inoculated with inactivated EHV-1 vaccine.
Abstract: A type-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using equine herpesvirus types 1 (EHV-1) and 4 (EHV-4) glycoprotein G was applied for sero-epizootiology of EHV infections in Japan. Recently, an inactivated EHV-1 vaccine has been administered to racehorses for prevention of upper respiratory disease. To examine the effect of the vaccination on the result of the ELISA, 6 horses were experimentally inoculated three times intramuscularly or intranasally with inactivated EHV-1 vaccine. Sera collected from these horses were used to the type-specific ELISA and complement-fixation (CF) test. Although the CF test detected a significant increase of antibody elicited by vaccination, the ELISA did not detect any antibody response. Next, sera collected from thirty-eight horses, which were intramuscularly inoculated with inactivated EHV-1 twice at an interval of four weeks, were used in the ELISA and CF test. The results also indicated that CF titers increased by vaccine inoculation, but ELISA titers did not. To examine epizootiology of EHVs serologically in racehorse populations at two Training Centers of the Japan Racing Association, the type-specific ELISA and CF test were carried out using paired sera collected from racehorses before and after the winter season. The results showed that the ELISA could distinguish EHV-1 and EHV-4 infections in vaccinated horses serologically. In conclusion, the type-specific ELISA is considered to be useful for sero-diagnosis and sero-epizootiological research on EHV-1 and EHV-4 infections not only in unvaccinated horses, but also in vaccinated horses in Japan.
Publication Date: 2000-08-17 PubMed ID: 10945284DOI: 10.1292/jvms.62.687Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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This research article delves into using a specific ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) for equine herpesvirus types 1 (EHV-1) and 4 (EHV-4) in horses that have been vaccinated with an inactivated EHV-1 vaccine. The aim is to assess the effectiveness of the vaccination and its effects on the test results, with findings suggesting the ELISA’s efficacy in not only unvaccinated, but also vaccinated horses.
Understanding the Study
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) is a widespread laboratory test used to detect substances such as antibodies and antigens in samples. In this study, a specific type of ELISA, using equine herpesvirus types 1 and 4 (EHV-1 and EHV-4) glycoprotein G, was used to study EHV infections in horses in Japan.
- A part of this research focused on examining the effect of an inactivated EHV-1 vaccine on the ELISA results. For this, six horses underwent experimental inoculation with the vaccine. The researchers collected their serum for examination.
Comparison of ELISA and CF Test
- Both ELISA and the Complement-Fixation (CF) test, a test used to detect presence and quantity of specific antibodies, were performed on the serum samples. While the CF test detected an increased antibody response due to vaccination, the ELISA did not show similar results.
- Sera from an additional 38 horses, inoculated with the vaccine, showed a similar pattern. This suggested that the ELISA titers did not increase due to vaccine inoculation, unlike CF titers.
Sero-Epizootiological Research
- The researchers then utilized the ELISA and CF tests on sera from racehorses at two training centers. This was done before and after winter to examine the EHV’s epidemiology. Here, the results indicated the ELISA’s effectiveness in distinguishing between EHV-1 and EHV-4 infections even in vaccinated horses.
- In conclusion, the research suggests the viability of this specific ELISA for serodiagnosis and sero-epizootiological studies related to EHV-1 and EHV-4 infections. It proves useful in not only unvaccinated horses but also in those vaccinated against EHV-1 in Japan.
Cite This Article
APA
Yasunaga S, Maeda K, Matsumura T, Kondo T, Kai K.
(2000).
Application of a type-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for equine herpesvirus types 1 and 4 (EHV-1 and -4) to horse populations inoculated with inactivated EHV-1 vaccine.
J Vet Med Sci, 62(7), 687-691.
https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.62.687 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi-city, Japan.
MeSH Terms
- Administration, Intranasal
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral / blood
- Complement Fixation Tests
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / methods
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / veterinary
- Herpesviridae Infections / immunology
- Herpesviridae Infections / prevention & control
- Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / immunology
- Horse Diseases / immunology
- Horse Diseases / prevention & control
- Horses / virology
- Injections, Intramuscular
- Physical Conditioning, Animal
- Vaccines, Inactivated / administration & dosage
- Varicellovirus / immunology
- Viral Vaccines / administration & dosage
Citations
This article has been cited 5 times.- El Brini Z, Fassi Fihri O, Paillot R, Lotfi C, Amraoui F, El Ouadi H, Dehhaoui M, Colitti B, Alyakine H, Piro M. Seroprevalence of Equine Herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) and Equine Herpesvirus 4 (EHV-4) in the Northern Moroccan Horse Populations. Animals (Basel) 2021 Sep 29;11(10).
- Attili AR, Colognato R, Preziuso S, Moriconi M, Valentini S, Petrini S, De Mia GM, Cuteri V. Evaluation of Three Different Vaccination Protocols against EHV1/EHV4 Infection in Mares: Double Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial. Vaccines (Basel) 2020 Jun 1;8(2).
- Ohta M, Nemoto M, Tsujimura K, Kondo T, Matsumura T. Evaluation of the usefulness of a PCR assay performed at a clinical laboratory for the diagnosis of respiratory disease induced by equine herpesvirus type 1 in the field. J Equine Sci 2011;22(3):53-6.
- Maeda K, Mizukoshi F, Hamano M, Kai K, Kondo T, Matsumura T. Identification of another B-cell epitope in the type-specific region of equine herpesvirus 4 glycoprotein G. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2005 Jan;12(1):122-4.
- Maeda K, Mizukoshi F, Hamano M, Kai K, Iwata H, Kondo T, Matsumura T. Development of an equine herpesvirus type 4-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a B-cell epitope as an antigen. J Clin Microbiol 2004 Mar;42(3):1095-8.
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