Application of in vivo microdialysis for investigation of unbound drug concentrations of intravenously administered sulfadimidine in the paranasal sinus mucosa of horses.
Abstract: To monitor concentrations of sulfadimidine in the paranasal sinus mucosa (PSM) of unsedated horses following IV administration of trimethoprim-sulfadimidine via in vivo microdialysis. Methods: 10 healthy adult horses. Methods: Concentric microdialysis probes were implanted into the subepithelial layers of the frontal sinus mucosa of standing sedated horses. Four hours after implantation, trimethoprim-sulfadimidine (30 mg/kg) was administered IV every 24 hours for 2 days; dialysate and plasma samples were collected at intervals during that 48-hour period and analyzed for concentrations of sulfadimidine. The dialysate concentration and relative loss of sulfadimidine from the perfusate were used to calculate the PSM concentration. Results: Microdialysis probe implantation and subsequent in vivo microdialysis were successfully performed for all 10 horses. Following the first and second administration of trimethoprim-sulfadimidine, mean ± SD peak concentrations of sulfadimidine were 55.3 ± 10.3 μg/mL and 51.5 ± 8.7 μg/mL, respectively, in plasma and 9.6 ± 4.5 μg/mL and 7.0 ± 3.3 μg/mL, respectively, in the PSM. Peak sulfadimidine concentrations in the PSM were detected at 5.9 ± 2.7 hours and 5.4 ± 2.3 hours following the first and second drug administrations, respectively. For 12 hours, mean PSM sulfadimidine concentration remained greater than the minimum inhibitory concentration indicative of sulfonamide susceptibility of equine bacterial isolates (4.75 μg/mL). Conclusions: In vivo microdialysis for continuous monitoring of PSM sulfadimidine concentrations in unsedated horses was feasible. Intravenous administration of trimethoprim (5 mg/kg) and sulfadimidine (25 mg/kg) proved likely to be efficient for treating sinusitis caused by highly susceptible pathogens, providing that the dosing interval is 12 hours.
Publication Date: 2015-03-31 PubMed ID: 25815573DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.76.4.318Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
This research article presents a study on the use of in vivo microdialysis to track the concentration of an intravenously administered drug, sulfadimidine, in the paranasal sinus mucosa (PSM) of horses. The results indicate that this method can efficiently monitor drug concentrations, supporting effective treatment for sinusitis in horses caused by susceptible pathogens at a dosing interval of 12 hours.
Objective and Methodology
- The goal of this study was to use in vivo microdialysis, a method for continuously monitoring molecular changes in living organisms, to track concentrations of the drug sulfadimidine in the PSM of horses. Sulfadimidine was administered intravenously as part of the combined drug trimethoprim-sulfadimidine.
- Ten healthy adult horses were selected for the study. Concentric microdialysis probes were implanted into the subepithelial layers of the frontal sinus mucosa of horses. After four hours, the drug was administered every 24 hours for a period of two days.
Data Collection and Analysis
- Dialysate and plasma samples were collected at intervals over the 48-hour period and analyzed for concentrations of sulfadimidine.
- These concentrations, along with the relative loss of sulfadimidine from the perfusate (the fluid containing the drug), were used to calculate the PSM concentration.
Results and Conclusion
- All horses successfully underwent the microdialysis probe implantation and subsequent in vivo microdialysis.
- Peak concentrations of sulfadimidine in the PSM were detected at approximately 5-6 hours after each drug administration.
- For 12 hours, the mean PSM sulfadimidine concentration remained above the minimum inhibitory concentration indicative of sulfonamide susceptibility. This suggests that the drug was effective at combating sinusitis caused by susceptible pathogens when administered at intervals of 12 hours.
- The researchers concluded that in vivo microdialysis is a feasible method for continuous monitoring of PSM sulfadimidine concentrations in unsedated horses. The research supports the use of intravenous administration of trimethoprim and sulfadimidine to effectively treat sinusitis caused by highly susceptible pathogens.
Cite This Article
APA
Bienert-Zeit A, Gietz C, Staszyk C, Kietzmann M, Stahl J, Ohnesorge B.
(2015).
Application of in vivo microdialysis for investigation of unbound drug concentrations of intravenously administered sulfadimidine in the paranasal sinus mucosa of horses.
Am J Vet Res, 76(4), 318-327.
https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.76.4.318 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
MeSH Terms
- Administration, Intravenous
- Animals
- Anti-Infective Agents / administration & dosage
- Anti-Infective Agents / pharmacokinetics
- Female
- Horses / metabolism
- Male
- Microbial Sensitivity Tests
- Microdialysis / veterinary
- Mucous Membrane / metabolism
- Paranasal Sinuses
- Sulfamethazine / administration & dosage
- Sulfamethazine / pharmacokinetics
Citations
This article has been cited 0 times.Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
