Arbovirus surveillance in South Carolina, 1996-98.
Abstract: Arboviruses isolated and identified from mosquitoes in South Carolina (USA) are described, including new state records for eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEE), St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLE), Flanders virus, Tensaw virus (TEN), and a variant of Jamestown Canyon virus (JC). Mosquitoes were collected at 52 locations in 30 of 46 South Carolina counties beginning in June 1996, and ending in October 1998, and tested for arboviruses. Of 1,329 mosquito pools tested by virus isolation (85,806 mosquitoes representing 34 mosquito species or complexes), 15 pools were positive. Virus isolations included EEE from 1 pool each of Anopheles crucians complex and Culex erraticus; a variant of JC from 1 pool of An. crucians complex; a California serogroup virus from 1 pool of Aedes atlanticus/tormentor; TEN from 5 pools of An. crucians complex and 1 pool each of Culex salinarius and Psorophora ciliata; Flanders virus from 1 pool of Culiseta melanura; and Potosi virus from 1 pool each of Aedes vexans, Coquillettidia perturbans, and Psorophora columbiae. Of 300 mosquito pools tested by antigen-capture assay for EEE and SLE (14,303 mosquitoes representing 16 mosquito species or complexes), 21 were positive for EEE and I was positive for SLE. Positive EEE mosquito pools by antigen-capture assay included An. crucians complex (14 pools), Anopheles punctipennis (1 pool), Anopheles quadrimaculatus (1 pool), Cq. perturbans (4 pools), and Cs. melanura (1 pool). One pool of Cx. salinarius was positive for SLE by antigen-capture assay. Arbovirus-positive mosquito pools were identified from 12 South Carolina counties, all located in the Atlantic Coastal Plain, and from 4 of 8 Carolina bays surveyed.
Publication Date: 2001-05-10 PubMed ID: 11345423
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- Journal Article
- Animal Science
- Animal Studies
- Arboviruses
- Diagnosis
- Disease control
- Disease Diagnosis
- Disease Outbreaks
- Disease Prevalence
- Disease Surveillance
- Ecology
- Encephalitis
- Epidemiology
- Equine Health
- Horses
- Infectious Disease
- Mosquito-borne Diseases
- Public Health
- Vector-borne disease
- Veterinary Science
- Virology
- West Nile Virus
Summary
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This research paper describes a surveillance study on arboviruses carried by mosquitoes across various locations in South Carolina, USA from 1996 to 1998. The study identified five varieties of arboviruses, discovering new geographical cases in this region.
Methodology and Scope of the Research
- The researchers collected mosquitoes from 52 different locations in 30 out of the 46 counties of South Carolina beginning from June 1996 and ending in October 1998.
- The study included a diverse group of mosquitoes with a total of 1,329 mosquito pools tested, comprising of 85,806 individual mosquitoes from 34 species or complexes.
- The team also conducted antigen-capture assays for EEE and SLE on 300 mosquito pools including 14,303 mosquitoes representing 16 species or complexes.
Findings and Results
- The study isolated arboviruses from 15 pools of mosquitoes. The viruses included EEE, a variant of the JC virus, a California serogroup virus, Tensaw virus (TEN), Flanders virus, and Potosi virus.
- EEE was isolated from Anopheles crucians complex and Culex erraticus pools; A variant of JC from Anopheles crucians complex; a California serogroup virus from an Aedes atlanticus/tormentor pool; TEN from Anopheles crucians complex, Culex salinarius, and Psorophora ciliata pools; Flanders virus from a Culiseta melanura pool; and Potosi virus from Aedes vexans, Coquillettidia perturbans, and Psorophora columbiae pools.
- In terms of antigen-capture assays for EEE and SLE, 21 pools were positive for EEE and 1 pool was positive for SLE.
- These arbovirus positive mosquito pools were found in 12 counties of South Carolina, all located in the Atlantic Coastal Plain, and from 4 out of 8 surveyed Carolina bays.
Significance of the Research
- The study provides new state records for the presence of the EEE, SLE, Flanders virus, TEN, and a variant of JC virus in South Carolina. This information is important to understand the geographical distribution of these arboviruses and could contribute to public health strategies to control their spread in these areas.
- The findings are also crucial for understanding the relationships between different mosquito species and the arboviruses they carry, which can aid in targeted mosquito control efforts.
Cite This Article
APA
Wozniak A, Dowda HE, Tolson MW, Karabatsos N, Vaughan DR, Turner PE, Ortiz DI, Wills W.
(2001).
Arbovirus surveillance in South Carolina, 1996-98.
J Am Mosq Control Assoc, 17(1), 73-78.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- South Carolina Department of Health and Environment Control, Columbia 29223, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Aedes / virology
- Animals
- Anopheles / virology
- Arboviruses / physiology
- Culex / virology
- Culicidae / virology
- Female
- South Carolina / epidemiology
Citations
This article has been cited 9 times.- Hernandez-Valencia JC, Muñoz-Laiton P, Gómez GF, Correa MM. A Systematic Review on the Viruses of Anopheles Mosquitoes: The Potential Importance for Public Health. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023 Sep 26;8(10).
- Anderson JF, Fish D, Armstrong PM, Misencik MJ, Bransfield A, Ferrandino FJ, Andreadis TG, Stenglein MD, Kapuscinski ML. Seasonal Dynamics of Mosquito-Borne Viruses in the Southwestern Florida Everglades, 2016, 2017. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2022 Jan 10;106(2):610-622.
- Golnar AJ, Langevin S, Panella NA, Solberg OD, Reisen WK, Komar N. Flanders hapavirus in western North America. Arch Virol 2018 Dec;163(12):3351-3356.
- Oliver J, Lukacik G, Kokas J, Campbell SR, Kramer LD, Sherwood JA, Howard JJ. Twenty years of surveillance for Eastern equine encephalitis virus in mosquitoes in New York State from 1993 to 2012. Parasit Vectors 2018 Jun 25;11(1):362.
- Poh KC, Martin E, Walker ED, Kitron U, Ruiz MO, Goldberg TL, Hamer GL. Co-circulation of Flanders Virus and West Nile Virus in Culex Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from Chicago, Illinois. J Med Entomol 2018 Jun 28;55(4):1062-1066.
- Meyers MT, Bahnson CS, Hanlon M, Kopral C, Srisinlapaudom S, Cochrane ZN, Sabas CE, Saiyasombat R, Burrough ER, Plummer PJ, O'Connor AM, Marshall KL, Blitvich BJ. Management Factors Associated with Operation-Level Prevalence of Antibodies to Cache Valley Virus and Other Bunyamwera Serogroup Viruses in Sheep in the United States. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2015 Nov;15(11):683-93.
- Wilkerson RC, Linton YM, Fonseca DM, Schultz TR, Price DC, Strickman DA. Making Mosquito Taxonomy Useful: A Stable Classification of Tribe Aedini that Balances Utility with Current Knowledge of Evolutionary Relationships. PLoS One 2015;10(7):e0133602.
- Anderson JF, Main AJ, Armstrong PM, Andreadis TG, Ferrandino FJ. Arboviruses in North Dakota, 2003-2006. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2015 Feb;92(2):377-93.
- Cupp EW, Klingler K, Hassan HK, Viguers LM, Unnasch TR. Transmission of eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus in central Alabama. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2003 Apr;68(4):495-500.
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