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Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Surg / Assessment and comparison of microcirculation and macrocircu...
Veterinary surgery : VS2023; doi: 10.1111/vsu.13970

Assessment and comparison of microcirculation and macrocirculation in horses undergoing emergency exploratory celiotomy versus elective surgical procedures.

Abstract: To assess oral buccal microcirculation by hand-held videomicroscopy in horses during colic surgery, comparing microcirculation values with macrocirculatory parameters and with those of healthy elective surgical horses. Methods: Clinical prospective study. Methods: Client-owned horses (nine in the colic group; 11 in the elective group). Methods: In the colic group, buccal mucosal side stream dark-field microscopy (DFM) videos, cardiac output (CO), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and lactate were obtained at three timepoints under general anesthesia (30, 90, and 150 min after induction). Video analysis was used to determine total vessel density, proportion of perfused vessels, perfused vessel density, and heterogeneity index. Dark-field microscopy videos, MAP, and lactate were obtained at a single timepoint under general anesthesia (45 min after induction) in the elective group. Results: There were no differences in microcirculatory parameters between colic and elective horses, nor was there a difference across timepoints in the colic group. There was a weak negative correlation between microvascular parameters and CO (rho = -0.23). Conclusions: The colic group did not have decreased microcirculation in comparison with the healthy elective group. Dark-field microscopy did not correlate well with macrocirculatory parameters in the colic group. Conclusions: Dark-field microscopy may not be a sensitive enough indicator to detect differences in microcirculation between colic and elective groups. The lack of difference in microcirculation may be due to sample size, probe location, or variation in disease severity.
© 2023 The Authors. Veterinary Surgery published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Surgeons.
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Publication Date: 2023-06-06 PubMed ID: 37280741DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13970Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

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This research paper investigated microcirculation and macrocirculation in horses that were subjected to emergency exploratory surgery (specifically for colic) and compared them with horses that underwent elective surgeries. The main finding was that there were no significant differences in the microcirculatory parameters between the horses in the colic group and the elective group; suggesting that major surgery did not lead to detectable decreases in these horses’ microcirculation.

Methods

  • The researchers conducted a clinical prospective study involving client-owned horses. There were two groups, the colic group comprised of nine horses needing emergency colic surgery, and the elective group consisting of 11 horses having a planned (non-emergency) surgical procedure.
  • A hand-held videomicroscopy tool was used for measuring oral buccal microcirculation parameters during the procedure, in both groups. The parameters, including total vessel density, the proportion of perfused vessels, perfused vessel density, and heterogeneity index, were measured at three points during anesthesia in the colic group and once in the elective group.
  • For the colic group, cardiac output, mean arterial pressure, and lactate levels were also measured at the same three points.

Results

  • On comparing the microcirculatory parameters of the two groups, the study found no significant differences. Similarly, there was no difference found across the three timepoints in the colic group.
  • The study discovered a mild negative correlation between the microcirculatory parameters and cardiac output meaning that as cardiac output increased, the microcirculatory parameters decreased slightly.

Conclusions

  • The findings suggested that much to contrary belief, microcirculation in horses undergoing emergency colic surgery is not necessarily decreased as compared to horses undergoing elective procedures.
  • However, the study also indicated that using dark-field microscopy (DFM), which was the method used in this study for assessing microcirculation, may have limitations in correlating well with macrocirculatory parameters like cardiac output in the colic group.
  • There could be a multitude of reasons behind the lack of differences in microcirculation between the two groups, such as the sample size was too small, the location of the probe, or the varying degrees of disease severity among the horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Foth PW, Gardner A, Pereira CR, Cooper E, Schroeder E, Mudge MC. (2023). Assessment and comparison of microcirculation and macrocirculation in horses undergoing emergency exploratory celiotomy versus elective surgical procedures. Vet Surg. https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.13970

Publication

Veterinary surgery : VS
ISSN: 1532-950X
NlmUniqueID: 8113214
Country: United States
Language: English

Researcher Affiliations

Foth, Patrick W
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Gardner, Alison
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Pereira, Carolina Ricco
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Cooper, Edward
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Schroeder, Eric
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Mudge, Margaret C
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.

Grant Funding

  • 2018-03 / Ohio State University

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