FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 10000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne2015; 56(7); 709-714;

Autologous vaccination for the treatment of equine sarcoids: 18 cases (2009-2014).

Abstract: The purpose of this retrospective case series was to assess the outcome of an autologous vaccination procedure on single and multiple sarcoid lesions, determine complication rate, and report owner satisfaction. Medical records (18 cases) from January 2009 through May 2014 were evaluated to identify horses undergoing the procedure. Signalment, number, size, anatomic location of lesions, and type of historical treatment were recorded. Follow-up was obtained via standardized owner survey, veterinary examination, and digital images. Data recorded and analyzed included ancillary therapies post-procedure, decrease in number and/or size of sarcoid lesions, sarcoid regrowth, complications, and owner satisfaction. There was a decrease in number of lesions observed by owners in 75% of cases and a decrease in size of sarcoids in 93.8% of cases. Clinical regression observed by owners was noted in 68.8% of cases. There were complications in 43.8% of cases and owner satisfaction in 75% of cases. Le but de cette série de cas rétrospectifs était d’évaluer le résultat d’une procédure de vaccination autologue sur des lésions de sarcoïdes simples et multiples, de déterminer le taux de complication et de signaler la satisfaction des propriétaires. Les dossiers médicaux (18 cas) datant de janvier 2009 à mai 2014 ont été évalués afin d’identifier les chevaux subissant l’intervention. Le signalement, le nombre, la taille, l’emplacement anatomique des lésions et le type de traitement historique ont été consignés. Le suivi a été obtenu par un sondage standard auprès des propriétaires, un examen vétérinaire et des images numériques. Les données consignées et analysées incluaient des traitements auxiliaires après l’intervention, une baisse du nombre et/ou de la taille des lésions des sarcoïdes, la repousse des sarcoïdes, les complications et la satisfaction des propriétaires. Il s’est produit une baisse du nombre des lésions observées par les propriétaires et de la taille des sarcoïdes dans 93,8 % des cas. La régression clinique observée par les propriétaires a été consignée dans 68,8 % des cas. Il y a eu des complications dans 43,8 % des cas et les propriétaires étaient satisfaits dans 75 % des cas.(Traduit par Isabelle Vallières).
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2015-07-02 PubMed ID: 26130832PubMed Central: PMC4466821
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article examines the outcomes of an autologous vaccination procedure on equine sarcoid lesions. It looks at factors like changes in the size and number of lesions, possible post-procedure complications, and owner satisfaction.

Objective and Methodology

  • The primary objective of the study is to assess the outcome of autologous vaccination on equine sarcoid lesions. The researchers aim to understand the success rate of this procedure in reducing the number and size of such lesions.
  • The methodology involves a retrospective review of medical cases (18 cases) from 2009 to 2014.
  • Data including number, size, location of lesions, and initial treatment type were retrieved from these records.
  • Follow-up information was obtained via a standardized survey given to the owners, veterinary examinations, and digital images.

Data Analysis

  • The researchers recorded and analyzed data related to therapies provided following the vaccination procedure.
  • Information on the reduction in the number and size of sarcoid lesions after treatment, recurrence of the lesions, and complications encountered post-procedure were also gathered and analyzed.
  • Owner satisfaction was also recorded to evaluate the perceived effectiveness and general acceptance of the vaccination protocol.

Results

  • The results indicated a reduction in the number of lesions in 75% of horses, and a decrease in the size of sarcoid lesions in 93.8% of the cases.
  • Owners reported visible clinical regression of the sarcoids in 68.8% of the cases.
  • About 43.8% of the cases had complications after the procedure.
  • The procedure achieved a satisfaction rate of 75% among the owners.

Conclusion

  • This study provides evidence supporting the efficacy of autologous vaccinations for the treatment of equine sarcoid lesions.
  • Despite notable complications in some cases, the majority of horse owners expressed satisfaction with the procedure outcomes.
  • This indicates potential for further exploration and refinement of the autologous vaccination process in the battle against equine sarcoids.

Cite This Article

APA
Rothacker CC, Boyle AG, Levine DG. (2015). Autologous vaccination for the treatment of equine sarcoids: 18 cases (2009-2014). Can Vet J, 56(7), 709-714.

Publication

The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne
ISSN: 0008-5286
NlmUniqueID: 0004653
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 56
Issue: 7
Pages: 709-714

Researcher Affiliations

Rothacker, Caitlin C
  • Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 382 West Street Road, Kennett Square, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19348, USA.
Boyle, Ashley G
  • Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 382 West Street Road, Kennett Square, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19348, USA.
Levine, David G
  • Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 382 West Street Road, Kennett Square, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19348, USA.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Autoantigens / therapeutic use
  • Cancer Vaccines / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Horse Diseases / therapy
  • Horses
  • Male
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Skin Neoplasms / therapy
  • Skin Neoplasms / veterinary

References

This article includes 29 references
  1. Rees CA. Disorders of the skin. In: Reed SE, Bayly WM, Sellon DC, editors. Equine Internal Medicine. St Louis, Missouri: Saunders Elsevier; 2010. pp. 710–713.
  2. Pascoe RRR, Knottenbelt DC. Manual of Equine Dermatology. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: WB Saunders; 1999.
  3. Martens A, De Moor A, Demeulemeester J, Ducatelle R. Histopathological characteristics of five clinical types of equine sarcoid.. Res Vet Sci 2000 Dec;69(3):295-300.
    pubmed: 11124103doi: 10.1053/rvsc.2000.0432google scholar: lookup
  4. Taylor S, Haldorson G. A review of equine sarcoid. Equine Vet Educ 2013;25:210–216.
  5. Chambers G, Ellsmore VA, O'Brien PM, Reid SWJ, Love S, Campo MS, Nasir L. Association of bovine papillomavirus with the equine sarcoid.. J Gen Virol 2003 May;84(Pt 5):1055-1062.
    pubmed: 12692268doi: 10.1099/vir.0.18947-0google scholar: lookup
  6. Nasir L, Campo MS. Bovine papillomaviruses: their role in the aetiology of cutaneous tumours of bovids and equids.. Vet Dermatol 2008 Oct;19(5):243-54.
    pubmed: 18927950doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2008.00683.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  7. Carr EA, Théon AP, Madewell BR, Hitchcock ME, Schlegel R, Schiller JT. Expression of a transforming gene (E5) of bovine papillomavirus in sarcoids obtained from horses.. Am J Vet Res 2001 Aug;62(8):1212-7.
    pubmed: 11497440doi: 10.2460/ajvr.2001.62.1212google scholar: lookup
  8. Brandt S, Tober R, Corteggio A, Burger S, Sabitzer S, Walter I, Kainzbauer C, Steinborn R, Nasir L, Borzacchiello G. BPV-1 infection is not confined to the dermis but also involves the epidermis of equine sarcoids.. Vet Microbiol 2011 May 12;150(1-2):35-40.
    pubmed: 21242040doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.12.021google scholar: lookup
  9. Finlay M, Yuan Z, Burden F, Trawford A, Morgan IM, Campo MS, Nasir L. The detection of Bovine Papillomavirus type 1 DNA in flies.. Virus Res 2009 Sep;144(1-2):315-7.
    pubmed: 19409942doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2009.04.015google scholar: lookup
  10. Meredith D, Elser AH, Wolf B, Soma LR, Donawick WJ, Lazary S. Equine leukocyte antigens: relationships with sarcoid tumors and laminitis in two pure breeds.. Immunogenetics 1986;23(4):221-5.
    pubmed: 3699852doi: 10.1007/bf00373016google scholar: lookup
  11. Bergvall KE. Sarcoids.. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2013 Dec;29(3):657-71.
    pubmed: 24267682doi: 10.1016/j.cveq.2013.09.002google scholar: lookup
  12. Théon AP, Pascoe JR, Carlson GP, Krag DN. Intratumoral chemotherapy with cisplatin in oily emulsion in horses.. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1993 Jan 15;202(2):261-7.
    pubmed: 8428832
  13. Théon AP, Pascoe JR. Iridium-192 interstitial brachytherapy for equine periocular tumours: treatment results and prognostic factors in 115 horses.. Equine Vet J 1995 Mar;27(2):117-21.
    pubmed: 7607143doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1995.tb03046.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  14. Stadler S, Kainzbauer C, Haralambus R, Brehm W, Hainisch E, Brandt S. Successful treatment of equine sarcoids by topical aciclovir application.. Vet Rec 2011 Feb 19;168(7):187.
    pubmed: 21493530doi: 10.1136/vr.c5430google scholar: lookup
  15. Christen-Clottu O, Klocke P, Burger D, Straub R, Gerber V. Treatment of clinically diagnosed equine sarcoid with a mistletoe extract (Viscum album austriacus).. J Vet Intern Med 2010 Nov-Dec;24(6):1483-9.
    pubmed: 21039860doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2010.0597.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  16. Lavach JD, Sullins KE, Roberts SM, Severin GA, Wheeler C, Lueker DC. BCG treatment of periocular sarcoid.. Equine Vet J 1985 Nov;17(6):445-8.
    pubmed: 4076159doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1985.tb02552.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  17. Vanselow BA, Abetz I, Jackson AR. BCG emulsion immunotherapy of equine sarcoid.. Equine Vet J 1988 Nov;20(6):444-7.
    pubmed: 3215172doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1988.tb01571.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  18. Nogueira SA, Torres SM, Malone ED, Diaz SF, Jessen C, Gilbert S. Efficacy of imiquimod 5% cream in the treatment of equine sarcoids: a pilot study.. Vet Dermatol 2006 Aug;17(4):259-65.
    pubmed: 16827669doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2006.00526.xgoogle scholar: lookup
  19. Théon AP, Wilson WD, Magdesian KG, Pusterla N, Snyder JR, Galuppo LD. Long-term outcome associated with intratumoral chemotherapy with cisplatin for cutaneous tumors in equidae: 573 cases (1995-2004).. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2007 May 15;230(10):1506-13.
    pubmed: 17504043doi: 10.2460/javma.230.10.1506google scholar: lookup
  20. Kinnunen RE, Tallberg T, Stenbäck H, Sarna S. Equine sarcoid tumour treated by autogenous tumour vaccine.. Anticancer Res 1999 Jul-Aug;19(4C):3367-74.
    pubmed: 10629622
  21. Epsy BK. How to treat equine sarcoids by autologous implantation. Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 2008;54:68–73.
  22. Delves PJ, Roitt IM. The immune system. First of two parts.. N Engl J Med 2000 Jul 6;343(1):37-49.
    pubmed: 10882768doi: 10.1056/nejm200007063430107google scholar: lookup
  23. van Poelgeest MI, Welters MJ, van Esch EM, Stynenbosch LF, Kerpershoek G, van Persijn van Meerten EL, van den Hende M, Löwik MJ, Berends-van der Meer DM, Fathers LM, Valentijn AR, Oostendorp J, Fleuren GJ, Melief CJ, Kenter GG, van der Burg SH. HPV16 synthetic long peptide (HPV16-SLP) vaccination therapy of patients with advanced or recurrent HPV16-induced gynecological carcinoma, a phase II trial.. J Transl Med 2013 Apr 4;11:88.
    pmc: PMC3623745pubmed: 23557172doi: 10.1186/1479-5876-11-88google scholar: lookup
  24. Vici P, Mariani L, Pizzuti L, Sergi D, Di Lauro L, Vizza E, Tomao F, Tomao S, Cavallotti C, Paolini F, Venuti A. Immunologic treatments for precancerous lesions and uterine cervical cancer.. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2014 Mar 26;33(1):29.
    pmc: PMC3986944pubmed: 24667138doi: 10.1186/1756-9966-33-29google scholar: lookup
  25. Ashrafi GH, Piuko K, Burden F, Yuan Z, Gault EA, Müller M, Trawford A, Reid SWJ, Nasir L, Campo MS. Vaccination of sarcoid-bearing donkeys with chimeric virus-like particles of bovine papillomavirus type 1.. J Gen Virol 2008 Jan;89(Pt 1):148-157.
    pubmed: 18089738doi: 10.1099/vir.0.83267-0google scholar: lookup
  26. Rush BR, Flaminio MJ. Immunomodulation in horses.. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2000 Apr;16(1):183-97, viii.
    pubmed: 10752146doi: 10.1016/s0749-0739(17)30126-8google scholar: lookup
  27. Paillot R. A systematic review of the immune-modulators Parapoxvirus ovis and Propionibacterium acnes for the prevention of respiratory disease and other infections in the horse.. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2013 May 15;153(1-2):1-9.
    pubmed: 23481655doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.01.010google scholar: lookup
  28. Baier M, Werner A, Bannert N, Metzner K, Kurth R. HIV suppression by interleukin-16.. Nature 1995 Dec 7;378(6557):563.
    pubmed: 8524386doi: 10.1038/378563a0google scholar: lookup
  29. Nimmanapalli R, Sharmila C, Reddy PG. Immunomodulation of caprine lentiviral infection by interleukin-16.. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2010 Dec;33(6):529-36.
    pubmed: 19811834doi: 10.1016/j.cimid.2009.09.003google scholar: lookup

Citations

This article has been cited 9 times.
  1. Jindra C, Hainisch EK, Brandt S. Immunotherapy of Equine Sarcoids-From Early Approaches to Innovative Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2023 Mar 30;11(4).
    doi: 10.3390/vaccines11040769pubmed: 37112681google scholar: lookup
  2. Saba C, Eggleston R, Parks A, Peroni J, Sjoberg E, Rice S, Tyma J, Williams J, Grosenbaugh D, Leard AT. ALVAC-fIL2, a feline interleukin-2 immunomodulator, as a treatment for sarcoids in horses: A pilot study. J Vet Intern Med 2022 May;36(3):1179-1184.
    doi: 10.1111/jvim.16425pubmed: 35416353google scholar: lookup
  3. Jindra C, Hainisch EK, Rümmele A, Wolschek M, Muster T, Brandt S. Influenza virus vector iNS1 expressing bovine papillomavirus 1 (BPV1) antigens efficiently induces tumour regression in equine sarcoid patients. PLoS One 2021;16(11):e0260155.
    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260155pubmed: 34797850google scholar: lookup
  4. Pietersen I, van Zyl A, Rybicki E, Hitzeroth I. Novel Production of Bovine Papillomavirus Pseudovirions in Tobacco Plants. Pathogens 2020 Nov 28;9(12).
    doi: 10.3390/pathogens9120996pubmed: 33260725google scholar: lookup
  5. Schijns V, Fernández-Tejada A, Barjaktarović Ž, Bouzalas I, Brimnes J, Chernysh S, Gizurarson S, Gursel I, Jakopin Ž, Lawrenz M, Nativi C, Paul S, Pedersen GK, Rosano C, Ruiz-de-Angulo A, Slütter B, Thakur A, Christensen D, Lavelle EC. Modulation of immune responses using adjuvants to facilitate therapeutic vaccination. Immunol Rev 2020 Jul;296(1):169-190.
    doi: 10.1111/imr.12889pubmed: 32594569google scholar: lookup
  6. Alkayyal AA. Insights from veterinary models for advancing oncolytic virotherapy through comparative oncology. Front Mol Biosci 2025;12:1615393.
    doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2025.1615393pubmed: 40475753google scholar: lookup
  7. Smith CH, Stewart HL, Stefanovski D, Levine DG. Outcomes following autologous tumor tissue implantation with or without concurrent antineoplastic therapies in the treatment of sarcoids in 50 equids. Front Vet Sci 2025;12:1559519.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1559519pubmed: 40417356google scholar: lookup
  8. Pereira R, Gillespie S, Rapezzano G, Withers J, Duz M, Foote A. Extensive intraocular melanoma with secondary glaucoma in a 15-month-old Thoroughbred filly. Vet Med Sci 2024 May;10(3):e1471.
    doi: 10.1002/vms3.1471pubmed: 38739097google scholar: lookup
  9. Beermann A, Clottu O, Reif M, Biegel U, Unger L, Koch C. A randomized placebo-controlled double-blinded study comparing oral and subcutaneous administration of mistletoe extract for the treatment of equine sarcoid disease. J Vet Intern Med 2024 May-Jun;38(3):1815-1824.
    doi: 10.1111/jvim.17052pubmed: 38529853google scholar: lookup
Subscribe to our newsletter
Join 99,850 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.