Bacteriological and Molecular Detection of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi and Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus in Equines of Northern India.
Abstract: Present study was undertaken to study the prevalence of β-haemolytic streptococci in equine of northern temperate region of Jammu and Kashmir, India. One hundred and forty one samples were collected in duplicate from nasopharyngeal tract of diseased (53) and apparently healthy equine (88) for isolation and direct PCR. A total of 77 isolates of streptococci were recovered from 141 samples with an overall prevalence rate of 54.60%. Out of these 77 isolates, 52 were from diseased and 25 from apparently healthy animals. Of the 77 isolates, 4 were identified as Streptococcus equi subsp. equi, 56 as S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus and 17 as S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis. Thus the overall prevalence of S. equi subsp. equi, S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus and S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis was 2.83, 39.71 and 12.05% respectively. The sensitivity of the PCR for the detection of S. equi species was found higher when attempted from direct swab samples.
Publication Date: 2013-09-30 PubMed ID: 24834002PubMed Central: PMC4013984DOI: 10.1294/jes.24.53Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research aimed to uncover the prevalence of certain types of β-haemolytic streptococci bacteria in horses in the northern region of India and found that 54.60% of tested samples contained these bacteria, with the most common one being the S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus type.
Objective of the Research
The study was designed to investigate the prevalence of β-haemolytic streptococci bacteria, namely, Streptococcus equi subsp. equi, S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus, and S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis, in horses from the northern area of India. This involved testing samples collected from the nasopharyngeal tract of both diseased and apparently healthy horses.
- The study took place in the northern temperate region of Jammu and Kashmir, India.
- A total of 141 samples were collected in duplicate for both direct Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and bacterial isolation.
Findings of the Study
The researchers found a substantial prevalence of β-haemolytic streptococci in the horses they examined. Of the 141 samples taken, 77 yielded bacterial isolates for a prevalence rate of 54.60%.
- Out of the 77 isolates, 52 were obtained from diseased horses, while 25 came from horses that seemed healthy.
- Within the 77 isolates, 4 were identified as Streptococcus equi subsp. equi, 56 as S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus, and 17 as S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis.
- This indicates that the overall prevalence rates for S. equi subsp. equi, S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus, and S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis were 2.83%, 39.71%, and 12.05%, respectively.
Utility of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in Detection
Polymerase Chain Reaction, a technique used to amplify selected sections of DNA, showed higher sensitivity in detecting S. equi species when used on direct swab samples rather than isolates.
This suggests that direct swab samples can provide a more efficient and reliable method for detecting certain bacteria, such as S. equi, potentially making it a valuable tool in future epidemiological studies targeting this genus of bacteria.
Cite This Article
APA
Mir IA, Kumar B, Taku A, Faridi F, Bhat MA, Baba NA, Maqbool T.
(2013).
Bacteriological and Molecular Detection of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi and Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus in Equines of Northern India.
J Equine Sci, 24(3), 53-55.
https://doi.org/10.1294/jes.24.53 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Division of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology, Jammu 181102, India.
- Division of Biological Products, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India.
- Division of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology, Jammu 181102, India.
- Division of Veterinary Microbiology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner 334001, India.
- Division of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology, Jammu 181102, India.
- Division of Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology, Jammu 181102, India.
- Division of Veterinary Public Health & Epidemiology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology, Srinagar 190001, India.
References
This article includes 11 references
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Citations
This article has been cited 5 times.- Kuchipudi SV, Surendran Nair M, Yon M, Gontu A, Nissly RH, Barry R, Greenawalt D, Pierre T, Li L, Thirumalapura N, Tewari D, Jayarao B. A Novel Real-Time PCR Assay for the Rapid Detection of Virulent Streptococcus equi Subspecies zooepidemicus-An Emerging Pathogen of Swine. Front Vet Sci 2021;8:604675.
- Vaid RK, Shanmugasundaram K, Anand T, Bera BC, Tigga M, Dedar R, Riyesh T, Bardwaj S, Virmani N, Tripathi BN, Singh R. Characterization of isolates of Bordetella bronchiseptica from horses. J Equine Sci 2018;29(1):25-31.
- Javed R, Taku AK, Gangil R, Sharma RK. Molecular characterization of virulence genes of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi and Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus in equines. Vet World 2016 Aug;9(8):875-81.
- Mir IA, Kumar B, Taku A, Bhardwaj RK, Bhat MA, Badroo GA. Prevalence and Antibiogram study of Rhodococcus equi in equines of Jammu and Kashmir, India. J Equine Sci 2015;26(1):21-4.
- Bekele D, Dessalegn B, Tadesse B, Abey SL. Streptococcus equi subspecies equi from strangles suspected equines: molecular detection, antibiogram profiles and risk factors. BMC Vet Res 2024 Aug 23;20(1):377.
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