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Home / Equine Research Bank / Can Vet J / Bilateral granulosa cell tumor in a cycling mare.
The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne2019; 60(5); 480-484;

Bilateral granulosa cell tumor in a cycling mare.

Abstract: A 16-year-old Oldenburg mare was evaluated for stallion-like behavior. The mare had given birth to 2 foals previously. Transrectal palpation revealed bilaterally enlarged ovaries with no palpable ovulation fossa. Ultrasound examination showed both ovaries to have small follicles giving a honeycomb appearance, concurrent with a single large cystic structure in the left ovary (10.2 cm diameter). Serum Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) was elevated (95.7 pmol/L), consistent with granulosa cell tumor (GCT). Both ovaries were removed via flank laparoscopy and were evaluated by histopathology, which confirmed bilateral GCT and concurrent presence of fresh luteal tissue, demonstrating the unusual presentation of bilateral granulosa cell tumor in a cycling mare. Tumeur bilatérale de la granulosa chez une jument en cycle. Une jument Oldenburg âgée de 16 ans a été évaluée pour un comportement s’apparentant à celui d’un étalon. La jument avait précédemment donné naissance à deux poulains. La palpation transrectale a révélé des ovaires élargis bilatéralement sans fosse d’ovulation palpable. L’échographie a indiqué que les deux ovaires avaient de petits follicules à l’apparence de nid d’abeilles ainsi qu’une seule grande structure cystique dans l’ovaire gauche (diamètre de 10,2 cm). L’hormone antimllérienne (HAM) était élevée (95,7 pmol/L), conformément à une tumeur de la granulosa (TG). Les deux ovaires ont été enlevés par laparascopie du flanc et ils ont été évalués par histopathologie qui a confirmé les TG bilatérales et la présente concomitante de tissu lutéal frais, ce qui démontre la présentation inusitée des tumeurs granulosa bilatérales chez une jument en cycle.(Traduit par Isabelle Vallières).
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Publication Date: 2019-05-14 PubMed ID: 31080259PubMed Central: PMC6463771
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Summary

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The research article narrates the diagnostic and treatment procedure of a 16-year-old mare exhibiting stallion-like behavior due to bilateral granulosa cell tumors in the ovaries.

Overview of the Study Case

  • This case focuses on a 16-year-old Oldenburg mare that presented stallion-like behavior. The mare had previously given birth to two foals.
  • Seeing the unusual behavior, veterinarians conducted certain examinations to evaluate the mare’s condition.
  • Initial physical inspections involved transrectal palpation, a common veterinary procedure used to determine any abnormalities in the reproductive system, which showed bilaterally enlarged ovaries without any palpable ovulation fossa.

Diagnostic Findings and Confirmation

  • Following this, the mare underwent further diagnosis with an ultrasound examination of the reproductive system. The ultrasound images revealed that both ovaries had small follicles giving a honeycomb appearance, along with one large cystic structure in the left ovary, measuring 10.2 cm in diameter.
  • This unusual honeycomb appearance and large cystic structure, along with the hormonal imbalance, hint towards ovarian issues.
  • The serum Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level of the mare was measured which was found elevated at 95.7 pmol/L. An increased level of AMH is a symptom of granulosa cell tumor (GCT).
  • Post diagnosing the mare with GCT, veterinarians proceeded to treat her by removing both the ovaries using flank laparoscopy, a minimally invasive surgical procedure.
  • The removed ovaries were then further analyzed using histopathology. Histopathology confirmed the presence of bilateral GCT and the concurrent presence of fresh luteal tissue.

Significance of the Case

  • This case is a unique manifestation of bilateral granulosa cell tumor in a cycling mare. The behavior, diagnostic findings, and successful treatment of this case contributes to the literature on equine veterinary science and can provide useful insights to veterinarians dealing with similar cases in the future.

Cite This Article

APA
Castillo JM, Tse MPY, Dockweiler JC, Cheong SH, de Amorim MD. (2019). Bilateral granulosa cell tumor in a cycling mare. Can Vet J, 60(5), 480-484.

Publication

The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne
ISSN: 0008-5286
NlmUniqueID: 0004653
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 60
Issue: 5
Pages: 480-484

Researcher Affiliations

Castillo, Juan M
  • Department of Clinical Sciences (Castillo, Dockweiler, Cheong, Diel de Amorim) and Department of Biomedical Sciences (Tse); College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, 930 Campus Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
Tse, May P Y
  • Department of Clinical Sciences (Castillo, Dockweiler, Cheong, Diel de Amorim) and Department of Biomedical Sciences (Tse); College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, 930 Campus Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
Dockweiler, Jenna C
  • Department of Clinical Sciences (Castillo, Dockweiler, Cheong, Diel de Amorim) and Department of Biomedical Sciences (Tse); College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, 930 Campus Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
Cheong, Soon Hon
  • Department of Clinical Sciences (Castillo, Dockweiler, Cheong, Diel de Amorim) and Department of Biomedical Sciences (Tse); College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, 930 Campus Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
de Amorim, Mariana Diel
  • Department of Clinical Sciences (Castillo, Dockweiler, Cheong, Diel de Amorim) and Department of Biomedical Sciences (Tse); College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, 930 Campus Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Female
  • Anti-Mullerian Hormone
  • Granulosa Cell Tumor / veterinary
  • Horse Diseases
  • Horses
  • Ovarian Neoplasms / veterinary
  • Ovulation

References

This article includes 10 references
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Citations

This article has been cited 3 times.
  1. Wolf N, Hahn JA, Walter I, Zablotski Y, Zerbe H, Witte TS. Pathohistological Findings after Bilateral Ovariectomy in Mares with Behavioral Problems. Animals (Basel) 2024 Oct 8;14(19).
    doi: 10.3390/ani14192899pubmed: 39409848google scholar: lookup
  2. Dolin A, Schweiger P, Waselau M, Egerbacher M, Walter I. Immunohistochemical markers for equine granulosa cell tumors: a pilot study. J Equine Sci 2023 Jun;34(2):37-46.
    doi: 10.1294/jes.34.37pubmed: 37405069google scholar: lookup
  3. Tsogtgerel M, Tagami M, Watanabe K, Murase H, Hirosawa Y, Kobayashi Y, Nambo Y. Case report: The case of a 17 kg ovarian granulosa cell tumor in a Breton draft mare. J Equine Sci 2021 Jun;32(2):67-72.
    doi: 10.1294/jes.32.67pubmed: 34220274google scholar: lookup
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