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Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Clin Pathol / Biochemical and hematologic changes in whole blood from Braz...
Veterinary clinical pathology2021; 50(2); 221-226; doi: 10.1111/vcp.12973

Biochemical and hematologic changes in whole blood from Brazilian horses stored in citrate-phosphate-dextrose-adenine pouches for up to 28 days.

Abstract: Anaerobic cellular metabolism causes a series of structural and physiologic changes during storage that could compromise post-transfusion viability, reducing the safety of using blood stored for an extended period. Objective: We aimed to follow the biochemical and hematologic alterations of equine blood stored in plastic bags containing citrate-phosphate-dextrose-adenine (CPDA-1) for up to 28 days. Methods: Whole blood samples (450 mL) were collected from 20 Brazilian Saddle horses into CPDA-1 pouches and stored between 2°C and 6°C in a blood bank. On days 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 of storage, blood samples were taken and submitted for biochemical (sodium [Na ], potassium [K ], glucose, and lactate) and hematologic (hemoglobin [Hb], hematocrit [HCT], mean corpuscular volume [MCV], percent hemolysis [% hemolysis]) analyses. Results: The only time the blood pH levels dipped below 7 was after D21 of storage, and the levels were significantly lower than those on the first storage day (D0). Potassium concentrations showed significant increases from D7 and then remained increased throughout the experimental period. Chloride and lactate concentrations revealed a significantly increased trend from D7 that was maintained over time. Mean corpuscular volumes increased significantly on D7 and D14 and, thereafter, remained stable. The mean % hemolysis increased on D28, which was significantly higher than D0. No bacterial growth was found in any pouch after 28 days of storage. Conclusions: Significant and gradual biochemical changes were observed in equine whole blood during prolonged storage. These changes could compromise the clinical conditions of patients requiring transfusion. In vivo studies are needed to evaluate the effects as well as survival rates and efficacy of transfused red blood cells in recipients.
© 2021 American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology.
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Publication Date: 2021-04-25 PubMed ID: 33899254DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12973Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study examines the changes in horse blood stored in particular plastic pouches over a period of 28 days. It assesses these changes in relation to the safety and viability of the blood for transfusion after lengthy storage.

Research Objective

  • The main objective of this research was to track the biochemical and hematologic alterations in equine blood that’s stored in plastic pouches filled with citrate-phosphate-dextrose-adenine (CPDA-1) over 28 days.

Methods

  • The researchers collected whole blood samples (450mL each) from 20 Brazilian Saddle horses and stored them in CPDA-1 pouches in a blood bank, keeping the temperature between 2°C and 6°C.
  • On the 0th, 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th day of storage, they took blood samples for biochemical (sodium, potassium, glucose, lactate) and hematologic (hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, percent hemolysis) analysis.

Results

  • The pH levels of the stored blood only dropped below 7 after the 21st day of storage, which was significantly lower than the pH levels on the first day.
  • Potassium level increased significantly from day 7 and stayed high throughout the study period. Chloride and lactate concentrations also displayed a significant increase from day 7 onwards.
  • Mean corpuscular volumes had a significant increase on days 7 and 14 and then remained stable.
  • Mean % hemolysis (destruction of red blood cells) was notably higher on day 28 compared to day 0.
  • No bacterial growth was observed in any pouch after 28 days of storage.

Conclusions

  • The researchers concluded that significant and gradual biochemical changes occur in the stored equine whole blood during extended storage. These changes could potentially compromise the health of patients receiving the transfusion.
  • They suggest that further in vivo studies are necessary to evaluate the effects including survival rates and the efficiency of transfused red blood cells in the recipients.

Cite This Article

APA
Dorneles TEA, Costa Junior JD, Almeida RM, Teixeira Neto AR. (2021). Biochemical and hematologic changes in whole blood from Brazilian horses stored in citrate-phosphate-dextrose-adenine pouches for up to 28 days. Vet Clin Pathol, 50(2), 221-226. https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.12973

Publication

Veterinary clinical pathology
ISSN: 1939-165X
NlmUniqueID: 9880575
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 50
Issue: 2
Pages: 221-226

Researcher Affiliations

Dorneles, Tagor E A
  • Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil.
Costa Junior, Jair D
  • Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil.
Almeida, Ricardo M
  • Large Animal Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil.
Teixeira Neto, Antonio R
  • Large Animal Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Brasília, Brasilia, Brazil.

MeSH Terms

  • Adenine
  • Animals
  • Blood Preservation / veterinary
  • Brazil
  • Citrates
  • Erythrocytes
  • Glucose
  • Horses
  • Phosphates
  • Specimen Handling

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This article includes 21 references
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Citations

This article has been cited 3 times.
  1. Miglio A, Cremonini V, Leonardi L, Manuali E, Coliolo P, Barbato O, Dall'Aglio C, Antognoni MT. Omics Technologies in Veterinary Medicine: Literature Review and Perspectives in Transfusion Medicine. Transfus Med Hemother 2023 Jun;50(3):198-207.
    doi: 10.1159/000530870pubmed: 37408648google scholar: lookup
  2. Sousa RS, Sousa CS, Oliveira FLC, Firmino PR, Sousa IKF, Paula VV, Caruso NM, Ortolani EL, Minervino AHH, Barrêto-Júnior RA. Impact of Acute Blood Loss on Clinical, Hematological, Biochemical, and Oxidative Stress Variables in Sheep. Vet Sci 2022 May 11;9(5).
    doi: 10.3390/vetsci9050229pubmed: 35622757google scholar: lookup
  3. Miglio A, Rocconi F, Cremonini V, D'Alessandro A, Reisz JA, Maslanka M, Lacroix IS, Tiscar G, Di Tommaso M, Antognoni MT. Effect of leukoreduction on the metabolism of equine packed red blood cells during refrigerated storage. J Vet Intern Med 2024 Mar-Apr;38(2):1185-1195.
    doi: 10.1111/jvim.17015pubmed: 38406982google scholar: lookup
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