Biochemical constituents of cerebrospinal fluid in premature and full term foals.
Abstract: Total protein content and a variety of enzyme activities and electrolyte values were determined in 73 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 66 horses and ponies. The foals (48) were divided into 3 categories-spontaneously delivered normal foals (Group A), full term induced normal foals (Group B) and premature induced non-surviving foals (Group C). CSF samples from a group of 18 normal adults (Group D) were included for comparison. Paired serum and CSF samples were collected on 32 occasions and subjected to similar analyses. CSF sodium and chloride were always higher than serum sodium and chloride; the reverse occurred with potassium. The CSF protein and enzyme levels were always lower than corresponding serum values. The foals had higher total protein and creatine kinase in CSF than the adults, except for Group C (non-survivors) which had significantly lower creatine kinase than either of the other 2 foal groups. Creatine kinase values tended to fall towards adult levels over 40 h post partum. It was also noted that foals with both high total protein and creatine kinase in CSF, compared with adult values, had a better chance of survival than those with high total protein but low creatine kinase.
Publication Date: 1982-04-01 PubMed ID: 7084197DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1982.tb02367.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
Summary
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The research focuses on the study of the components present in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of different groups of foals and adult horses, and how these components relate to their respective health status and survival rates.
Methodology
- The study involved 73 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 66 horses and ponies.
- The 48 foals in the study were divided into three categories which are, spontaneously delivered normal foals (Group A), full term induced normal foals (Group B) and premature induced non-surviving foals (Group C).
- A group of 18 normal adult horses (Group D) was also included in the research as a reference group.
- The researchers collected paired serum and CSF samples on 32 different occasions which were all subjected to similar analyses.
Findings
- The research found that CSF sodium and chloride levels were always higher than serum sodium and chloride levels, while the opposite was true for potassium.
- CSF protein and enzyme levels were always lower than corresponding serum values.
- Compared to adults, foals had higher total protein and Creatine Kinase (CK) in the CSF, except for Group C (non-survivors) which had significantly lower CK than the other 2 foal groups.
- The study also found that CK values tended to decrease towards adult levels over 40 hours post partum (after birth).
- It was additionally observed that foals with both high total protein and CK in the CSF, as compared to adult values, have a higher survival chance than those with only high total protein but low CK.
Implications
- These findings can be significant in providing insights into the health status of foals. High CSF protein and CK levels in foals could potentially be linked to better health and survival chances.
- Also, the study suggests that premature induced non-surviving foals (Group C) have lower CK levels than healthy foals. Further research could be needed to understand this correlation and what it means for foal health and survival.
Cite This Article
APA
Rossdale PD, Cash RS, Leadon DP, Jeffcott LB.
(1982).
Biochemical constituents of cerebrospinal fluid in premature and full term foals.
Equine Vet J, 14(2), 134-138.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.1982.tb02367.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn / cerebrospinal fluid
- Aspartate Aminotransferases / cerebrospinal fluid
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins / analysis
- Creatine Kinase / cerebrospinal fluid
- Female
- Gestational Age
- Horses / cerebrospinal fluid
- Labor, Induced / veterinary
- Male
- Potassium / cerebrospinal fluid
- Pregnancy
Citations
This article has been cited 5 times.- Young KAS, Hepworth-Warren KL, Dembek KA. Comparison of Fluid Analysis and Cytologic Findings of Cerebrospinal Fluid Between Three Collection Sites in Adult Equids With Neurological Disease. Front Vet Sci 2022;9:821815.
- Saunders NR, Dziegielewska KM, Møllgård K, Habgood MD. Physiology and molecular biology of barrier mechanisms in the fetal and neonatal brain. J Physiol 2018 Dec;596(23):5723-5756.
- Liddelow SA, Dziegielewska KM, Ek CJ, Habgood MD, Bauer H, Bauer HC, Lindsay H, Wakefield MJ, Strazielle N, Kratzer I, Møllgård K, Ghersi-Egea JF, Saunders NR. Mechanisms that determine the internal environment of the developing brain: a transcriptomic, functional and ultrastructural approach. PLoS One 2013;8(7):e65629.
- Galvin N, Collins D. Perinatal asphyxia syndrome in the foal: review and a case report. Ir Vet J 2004 Dec 1;57(12):707-14.
- St Jean G, Yvorchuk-St Jean K, Anderson DE, Moore WE. Cerebrospinal fluid constituents collected at the atlanto-occipital site of xylazine hydrochloride sedated, healthy 8-week-old Holstein calves. Can J Vet Res 1997 Apr;61(2):108-12.
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