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Biology2022; 11(4); 559; doi: 10.3390/biology11040559

Biological Potential of Polyphenols in the Context of Metabolic Syndrome: An Analysis of Studies on Animal Models.

Abstract: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a disease that has a complex etiology. It is defined as the co-occurrence of several pathophysiological disorders, including obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. MetS is currently a severe problem in the public health care system. As its prevalence increases every year, it is now considered a global problem among adults and young populations. The treatment of choice comprises lifestyle changes based mainly on diet and physical activity. Therefore, researchers have been attempting to discover new substances that could help reduce or even reverse the symptoms when added to food. These attempts have resulted in numerous studies. Many of them have investigated the bioactive potential of polyphenols as a "possible remedy", stemming from their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects and properties normalizing carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Polyphenols may be supportive in preventing or delaying the onset of MetS or its complications. Additionally, the consumption of food rich in polyphenols should be considered as a supplement for antidiabetic drugs. To ensure the relevance of the studies on polyphenols' properties, mechanisms of action, and potential human health benefits, researchers have used laboratory animals displaying pathophysiological changes specific to MetS. Polyphenols or their plant extracts were chosen according to the most advantageous mitigation of pathological changes in animal models best reflecting the components of MetS. The present paper comprises an overview of animal models of MetS, and promising polyphenolic compounds whose bioactive potential, effect on metabolic pathways, and supplementation-related benefits were analyzed based on in vivo animal models.
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Publication Date: 2022-04-07 PubMed ID: 35453758PubMed Central: PMC9029039DOI: 10.3390/biology11040559Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

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The research paper evaluates the potential benefits of polyphenols, plant chemicals with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, in managing metabolic syndrome (MetS), a condition characterized by a group of disorders including obesity, high blood pressure, abnormal cholesterol levels, and high blood sugar. Various animal models of MetS were utilized to determine the effects of different polyphenolic compounds.

Understanding Metabolic Syndrome and Polyphenols

  • Metabolic Syndrome, also known as MetS, is a health concern that includes a set of various disorders such as obesity, high blood sugar, irregular cholesterol levels, and high blood pressure. It is a global issue, affecting both adults and young individuals.
  • Polyphenols are compounds found in plants known for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects. They may potentially aid in regulating carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, which are crucial aspects of MetS.

Role of Diet and Physical Activity in MetS Management

  • Management of MetS primarily involves lifestyle modifications, notably changes in diet and physical activity. Researchers are studying the addition of specific substances to food that could assist in mitigating or even reversing symptoms of MetS.
  • Polyphenols are among these substances, with many studies investigating their bioactive potential as possible remedies for MetS due to their health benefits.

Beneficial Effects of Polyphenols on MetS

  • Studies suggest that polyphenols could be beneficial in preventing or delaying the onset of MetS and its accompanying complications.
  • Consuming food rich in polyphenols could potentially supplement antidiabetic medications, further aiding in the management of MetS.

Experimental Studies on Polyphenols and MetS using Animal Models

  • To ensure the validity of the studies on polyphenols’ properties, mechanisms of action, and health benefits, researchers have used laboratory animals that exhibit MetS-specific pathophysiological changes.
  • Various polyphenolic compounds and plant extracts were selected, focusing on those that most effectively mitigated the pathological changes in MetS-representing animal models.
  • The paper provides a comprehensive overview of the animal models used for MetS, and the polyphenolic compounds that displayed promising results in influencing metabolic pathways, and benefits related to supplementation.

Cite This Article

APA
Niewiadomska J, Gajek-Marecka A, Gajek J, Noszczyk-Nowak A. (2022). Biological Potential of Polyphenols in the Context of Metabolic Syndrome: An Analysis of Studies on Animal Models. Biology (Basel), 11(4), 559. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11040559

Publication

Biology
ISSN: 2079-7737
NlmUniqueID: 101587988
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 11
Issue: 4
PII: 559

Researcher Affiliations

Niewiadomska, Joanna
  • Doctoral School of Wroclaw, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
Gajek-Marecka, Aleksandra
  • Department of Cardiology, Kłodzko County Hospital, 57-300 Kłodzko, Poland.
Gajek, Jacek
  • Department of Emergency Medical Service, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
Noszczyk-Nowak, Agnieszka
  • Department of Internal and Diseases with Clinic for Horses, Dogs, and Cats, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.

Grant Funding

  • PPI/APM/2019/1/00044/U/00001 / Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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