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Borna disease: virus-induced neurobehavioral disease pathogenesis.
Abstract: Studies of the pathogenesis of neurobehavioral diseases following Borna disease virus infections have been increasing rapidly over the past ten years. Recent major advances have included a report of vertical transmission of the virus in its natural host, the horse, and a report of isolation of a novel variant, No/98, in that same species. In rats infected neonatally with the Borna disease virus that lack blood-borne inflammation in the brain, evidence of an "endogenous" brain inflammatory response is abundant, with elevated expression of cytokine and chemokine mRNA. Infection in these rats is also associated with abnormal levels of neurotransmitters, including serotonin and norepinephrine. Data and debate continue to be forthcoming about the role of Borna disease virus in human infection and psychiatric disease.
Publication Date: 2001-08-10 PubMed ID: 11495813DOI: 10.1016/s1369-5274(00)00237-xGoogle Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
- Research Support
- U.S. Gov't
- P.H.S.
- Review
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The research article centers around the pathogenesis of neurobehavioral diseases generated from Borna disease virus infections. It discusses recent significant advancements in understanding of this pathogenesis including reports of the virus’ vertical transmission and the discovery of a novel variant in horses, as well as how the disease affects neurotransmitter levels in infected neonatal rats.
Study Overview
The research paper focuses on an in-depth understanding of the Borna disease virus (BDV), especially its role in causing neurobehavioral diseases. Over the past decade, studies have intensely focused on this area with considerable progress being made.
Key Discoveries
- The most significant accomplishments in this research were the discovery of vertical transmission of the BDV and the isolation of a new variant of the disease, No/98, both of which were found in horses.
- Another important discovery was that neonatal rats infected with the BDV, though lacking blood-induced inflammation in the brain, still showed considerable endogenous brain inflammatory response, as evidenced by high levels of cytokine and chemic factor mRNA.
- The study also revealed that the BDV infection led to abnormal levels of neurotransmitters, such as serotonine and norepinephrine, in neonatal rats.
Implications on Human Health
- The study also addresses the potential implications of the BDV on human health and psychiatric disease.
- While conclusions are yet to be arrived at, ongoing discussions and research are exploring the role of the BDV in human infection and potential psychological impacts.
Future Research
- Given the ongoing debate about BDV’s implications for human health, the researchers imply that sustained efforts in research are needed to fully understand the virus and devise effective measures to address it.
Cite This Article
APA
Carbone KM, Rubin SA, Nishino Y, Pletnikov MV.
(2001).
Borna disease: virus-induced neurobehavioral disease pathogenesis.
Curr Opin Microbiol, 4(4), 467-475.
https://doi.org/10.1016/s1369-5274(00)00237-x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- FDA/CBER, Laboratory of Pediatric and Respiratory Viral Diseases, HFM 460, 8800 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. Carbonek@cber.fda.gov
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Borna Disease / immunology
- Borna Disease / physiopathology
- Borna Disease / transmission
- Borna Disease / virology
- Borna disease virus / genetics
- Borna disease virus / immunology
- Brain / immunology
- Brain / pathology
- Brain / virology
- Brain Diseases / immunology
- Brain Diseases / pathology
- Brain Diseases / physiopathology
- Brain Diseases / virology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Horse Diseases / immunology
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horse Diseases / physiopathology
- Horse Diseases / virology
- Horses
- Humans
- Mental Disorders / immunology
- Mental Disorders / pathology
- Mental Disorders / physiopathology
- Mental Disorders / virology
Grant Funding
- R01 MH48948 / NIMH NIH HHS
Citations
This article has been cited 16 times.- Zhang Y, Alwin Prem Anand A, Bode L, Ludwig H, Emrich HM, Dietrich DE. Word recognition memory and serum levels of Borna disease virus specific circulating immune complexes in obsessive-compulsive disorder. BMC Psychiatry 2022 Sep 8;22(1):597.
- Soltani H, Mohammadzadeh S, Makvandi M, Pakseresht S, Samarbaf-Zadeh A. Detection of Borna Disease Virus (BDV) in Patients with First Episode of Schizophrenia. Iran J Psychiatry 2016 Oct;11(4):257-261.
- Bonnaud EM, Szelechowski M, Bétourné A, Foret C, Thouard A, Gonzalez-Dunia D, Malnou CE. Borna disease virus phosphoprotein modulates epigenetic signaling in neurons to control viral replication. J Virol 2015 Jun;89(11):5996-6008.
- Zhang L, Liu S, Zhang L, You H, Huang R, Sun L, He P, Chen S, Zhang H, Xie P. Real-time qPCR identifies suitable reference genes for Borna disease virus-infected rat cortical neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2014 Nov 26;15(12):21825-39.
- Liu X, Zhao L, Yang Y, Bode L, Huang H, Liu C, Huang R, Zhang L, Wang X, Zhang L, Liu S, Zhou J, Li X, He T, Cheng Z, Xie P. Human borna disease virus infection impacts host proteome and histone lysine acetylation in human oligodendroglia cells. Virology 2014 Sep;464-465:196-205.
- Sinkovics JG. Horizontal gene transfers with or without cell fusions in all categories of the living matter. Adv Exp Med Biol 2011;714:5-89.
- Williams BL, Hornig M, Yaddanapudi K, Lipkin WI. Hippocampal poly(ADP-Ribose) polymerase 1 and caspase 3 activation in neonatal bornavirus infection. J Virol 2008 Feb;82(4):1748-58.
- Williams BL, Lipkin WI. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and neurodegeneration in rats neonatally infected with borna disease virus. J Virol 2006 Sep;80(17):8613-26.
- Tsuang MT, Bar JL, Stone WS, Faraone SV. Gene-environment interactions in mental disorders. World Psychiatry 2004 Jun;3(2):73-83.
- Williams BL, Yaddanapudi K, Kirk CM, Soman A, Hornig M, Lipkin WI. Metallothioneins and zinc dysregulation contribute to neurodevelopmental damage in a model of perinatal viral infection. Brain Pathol 2006 Jan;16(1):1-14.
- Bourteele S, Oesterle K, Pleschka S, Unterstab G, Ehrhardt C, Wolff T, Ludwig S, Planz O. Constitutive activation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB results in impaired borna disease virus replication. J Virol 2005 May;79(10):6043-51.
- Peterson KE, Errett JS, Wei T, Dimcheff DE, Ransohoff R, Kuziel WA, Evans L, Chesebro B. MCP-1 and CCR2 contribute to non-lymphocyte-mediated brain disease induced by Fr98 polytropic retrovirus infection in mice: role for astrocytes in retroviral neuropathogenesis. J Virol 2004 Jun;78(12):6449-58.
- Rosche B, Kieseier B, Hartung HP, Hemmer B. [New understanding of the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis]. Nervenarzt 2003 Aug;74(8):654-63.
- Hemmer B, Kieseier B, Cepok S, Hartung HP. New immunopathologic insights into multiple sclerosis. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2003 May;3(3):246-55.
- Rauer M, Pagenstecher A, Schulte-Mönting J, Sauder C. Upregulation of chemokine receptor gene expression in brains of Borna disease virus (BDV)-infected rats in the absence and presence of inflammation. J Neurovirol 2002 Jun;8(3):168-79.
- Torner AJ, Baune BT, Folta-Schoofs K, Dietrich DE. Analysis of BoDV-1 status, EEG resting-state alpha activity and pro-inflammatory cytokines in adults with and without major depressive disorder. Front Psychol 2024;15:1499446.
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