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Home / Equine Research Bank / Osteoarthritis Cartilage / Brother of CDO (BOC) expression in equine articular cartilag...
Osteoarthritis and cartilage2011; 19(4); 435-438; doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2011.01.011

Brother of CDO (BOC) expression in equine articular cartilage.

Abstract: Brother of CDO (BOC) is a cell surface receptor that derives its name from the structurally related protein, cell adhesion molecule-related/down-regulated by oncogenes (CDO, sometimes CDON). High levels of BOC mRNA and protein expression have been described in embryonic tissues with active cell proliferation and ongoing cellular differentiation(1,2). A microarray-based screen of RNA isolated from 11 different adult equine tissues unexpectedly identified BOC as having an expression pattern restricted to articular cartilage. The objective of this study was to further investigate BOC expression in adult articular cartilage relative to other tissues. Both RT-qPCR and mRNA sequencing confirmed the microarray data. Steady state BOC mRNA levels in articular cartilage were substantially higher than in the other adult tissues tested, neonatal tendon, placenta, and whole embryo. The expression of BOC displayed a pattern of tissue specificity comparable to well established cartilage matrix protein biomarkers. BOC mRNA levels in articular cartilage increased with age, but were rapidly down-regulated when chondrocytes were enzymatically isolated from the cartilage matrix and expanded in monolayer culture. Relative expression patterns of CDO were broadly similar, but displayed lower fold change differences. A functional role in articular cartilage that involves Hedgehog signaling is suggested by the known binding affinity of BOC for all three Hedgehog ligands. These data also extend BOC and CDO biology to a post-mitotic and highly differentiated cell type within a mature tissue.
Copyright © 2011 Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Publication Date: 2011-01-22 PubMed ID: 21262369DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2011.01.011Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

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The study investigates the Brother of CDO (BOC) expression in adult equine articular cartilage, a tissue known for cell proliferation and differentiation. It found that BOC is highly expressed in articular cartilage compared to other adult tissues, with its expression increasing with age. The researchers suggest that BOC plays a role related to the Hedgehog signaling pathway in the cartilage.

Research Overview

  • The research revolves around the study of the Brother of CDO (BOC) protein, a cell surface receptor related to the Cell adhesion molecule-related/Down-regulated by Oncogenes (CDO) protein.
  • The study was prompted after a microarray-based screen of RNA from 11 different adult equine tissues revealed a unique BOC expression pattern exclusive to articular cartilage.
  • The aim of the research was to further understand BOC expression in adult articular cartilage relative to other tissues.

Methodology

  • Both Reverse Transcription Real-Time Quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and mRNA sequencing were used to validate the microarray data.
  • The researchers compared steady state BOC mRNA levels in articular cartilage with other adult tissues, neonatal tendon, placenta, and whole embryo.

Findings

  • The expression of BOC in articular cartilage was significantly higher than in other tissues tested. It showed a pattern of tissue specificity, similar to well-established cartilage matrix protein biomarkers.
  • The expression of BOC in cartilage increased with age, but declined rapidly when chondrocytes – the only cells in cartilage – were separated from the cartilage matrix and expanded in a layer culture.
  • The expression patterns of CDO were generally similar but had less drastic differences.

Implications

  • The researchers suggest that BOC might play a functional role in articular cartilage, given its known binding affinity for all three Hedgehog ligands, crucial proteins in the Hedgehog signaling pathway, which is involved in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, and tissue patterning.
  • The data expands our understanding of BOC and CDO biology to post-mitotic and highly differentiated cells in mature tissue.

Cite This Article

APA
Vanderman KS, Tremblay M, Zhu W, Shimojo M, Mienaltowski MJ, Coleman SJ, MacLeod JN. (2011). Brother of CDO (BOC) expression in equine articular cartilage. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 19(4), 435-438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2011.01.011

Publication

Osteoarthritis and cartilage
ISSN: 1522-9653
NlmUniqueID: 9305697
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 19
Issue: 4
Pages: 435-438

Researcher Affiliations

Vanderman, K S
  • Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA.
Tremblay, M
    Zhu, W
      Shimojo, M
        Mienaltowski, M J
          Coleman, S J
            MacLeod, J N

              MeSH Terms

              • Animals
              • Cartilage, Articular / embryology
              • Cartilage, Articular / metabolism
              • Horses
              • Microarray Analysis
              • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
              • Receptors, Cell Surface / metabolism

              Citations

              This article has been cited 4 times.
              1. Fan Y, Gao D, Zhang Y, Zhu J, Zhang F, Wang L, Wen Y, Guo X, Sun S. Genome-Wide Differentially Methylated Region Analysis to Reveal Epigenetic Differences of Articular Cartilage in Kashin-Beck Disease and Osteoarthritis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021;9:636291.
                doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.636291pubmed: 33732704google scholar: lookup
              2. Kalbfleisch TS, Rice ES, DePriest MS Jr, Walenz BP, Hestand MS, Vermeesch JR, O Connell BL, Fiddes IT, Vershinina AO, Saremi NF, Petersen JL, Finno CJ, Bellone RR, McCue ME, Brooks SA, Bailey E, Orlando L, Green RE, Miller DC, Antczak DF, MacLeod JN. Improved reference genome for the domestic horse increases assembly contiguity and composition. Commun Biol 2018;1:197.
                doi: 10.1038/s42003-018-0199-zpubmed: 30456315google scholar: lookup
              3. Cosden-Decker RS, Bickett MM, Lattermann C, MacLeod JN. Structural and functional analysis of intra-articular interzone tissue in axolotl salamanders. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2012 Nov;20(11):1347-56.
                doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2012.07.002pubmed: 22800772google scholar: lookup
              4. Nandakumar M, Sathyapalan T, Atkin SL, Butler AE. Effect of Hypoglycemia and Rebound Hyperglycemia on Proteomic Cardiovascular Risk Biomarkers. Biomedicines 2024 May 21;12(6).
                doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12061137pubmed: 38927344google scholar: lookup
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