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Home / Equine Research Bank / Sci Rep / CENP-A binding domains and recombination patterns in horse s...
Scientific reports2019; 9(1); 15800; doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-52153-1

CENP-A binding domains and recombination patterns in horse spermatocytes.

Abstract: Centromeres exert an inhibitory effect on meiotic recombination, but the possible contribution of satellite DNA to this "centromere effect" is under debate. In the horse, satellite DNA is present at all centromeres with the exception of the one from chromosome 11. This organization of centromeres allowed us to investigate the role of satellite DNA on recombination suppression in horse spermatocytes at the stage of pachytene. To this aim we analysed the distribution of the MLH1 protein, marker of recombination foci, relative to CENP-A, marker of centromeric function. We demonstrated that the satellite-less centromere of chromosome 11 causes crossover suppression, similarly to satellite-based centromeres. These results suggest that the centromere effect does not depend on satellite DNA. During this analysis, we observed a peculiar phenomenon: while, as expected, the centromere of the majority of meiotic bivalent chromosomes was labelled with a single immunofluorescence centromeric signal, double-spotted or extended signals were also detected. Their number varied from 0 to 7 in different cells. This observation can be explained by positional variation of the centromeric domain on the two homologs and/or misalignment of pericentromeric satellite DNA arrays during homolog pairing confirming the great plasticity of equine centromeres.
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Publication Date: 2019-11-01 PubMed ID: 31676881PubMed Central: PMC6825197DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52153-1Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research investigates the role of satellite DNA in suppressing recombination in horse spermatocytes and concludes that the centromere effect in recombination suppression is not reliant on the presence of satellite DNA.

Understanding the Research

  • The study delves into the aspect of centromeres’ role in inhibiting meiotic recombination. Meiotic recombination is a biological process in which chromosomes exchange genetic material. However, this activity is known to be suppressed around the regions of centromeres, a characteristic referred to as the “centromere effect”.
  • Satellite DNA, short sequences of DNA repeated many times and usually located close to the centromere, is discussed for its potential contribution to this centromere effect. In horses, satellite DNA is present at all centromeres except for chromosome 11, which provided the opportunity to investigate the role of satellite DNA in recombination suppression.

Analysis and Findings

  • The researchers investigated recombination in horse spermatocytes during the pachytene stage of meiosis, when chromosomes align and exchange genetic material. They analyzed the distribution of MLH1 protein, often used as a marker for recombination events, relative to CENP-A, a marker for centromeric function.
  • The study found that the centromere of chromosome 11, which lacks satellite DNA, also suppresses recombination, just like other centromeres that do possess satellite DNA. This suggests that the centromere effect is not dependent on the presence of satellite DNA.

Additional Observations

  • The researchers noted a unique phenomenon during their analysis. In most meiotic bivalent chromosomes, the centromere was tagged with a single immunofluorescence centromeric signal, as expected. However, they also found chromosomes with double-spotted or extended signals. The number of such signals varied from 0 to 7 across different cells.
  • These notable observations could be due to the variation in the position of the centromeric domain on the two homologs (inherited chromosomes) or misalignment of the pericentromeric satellite DNA arrays during homolog pairing. These findings highlight the notable plasticity of equine centromeres.

Cite This Article

APA
(2019). CENP-A binding domains and recombination patterns in horse spermatocytes. Sci Rep, 9(1), 15800. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-52153-1

Publication

Scientific reports
ISSN: 2045-2322
NlmUniqueID: 101563288
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Pages: 15800
PII: 15800

Researcher Affiliations

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Centromere Protein A / metabolism
  • Horses
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Protein Binding
  • Recombination, Genetic
  • Spermatocytes / metabolism

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

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