Central tarsal bone fractures in horses not used for racing: Computed tomographic configuration and long-term outcome of lag screw fixation.

The research article examines the particular configuration of central tarsal bone fractures in non-racing horses and assesses long-term outcomes when treated with the lag screw fixation technique. The study finds that accurate diagnosis and internal fixation of these fractures result in positive prognosis, despite some patients developing mild osteophyte.

Research Design and Methodology

• The researchers conducted a retrospective case study that incorporated horses diagnosed with a central tarsal bone fracture from 2009 to 2013 at their institution.
• Computed Tomography (CT) was used to get comprehensive images of the fractures, and all horses were treated with internal fixation through the lag screw technique.
• Medical records and diagnostic images were reviewed retrospectively to provide a well-rounded view of each case.
• A follow-up clinical and radiographic examination was performed on each horse at least 1 year after the surgery to assess the long-term effectiveness of the treatment.

Results of the Study

• The study involved six horses with central tarsal bone fractures. Five of them were Warmbloods used for showjumping and one was a Quarter Horse used for reining.
• All fractures were sagittal slab fractures, starting dorsally and running in a plantar or plantaromedial direction, exiting the plantar cortex at the plantar or plantaromedial indentation of the central tarsal bone.
• Marked sclerosis (hardening) of the tarsal bone was observed in all the horses.
• At the follow-up, 5 out of the 6 horses were sound and performing as intended, despite mild osteophyte (bony outgrowth) formation at the distal intertarsal joint.

Conclusion of the Study

• Central tarsal bone fractures in nonracehorses were found to have a unique configuration, implying an underlying chronic stress-related cause. However, some additional fracture lines, though subtle, were identified on radiographs.
• The study concluded that internal fixation of these fractures, based on an accurate diagnosis of individual fracture configuration, gives a very positive prognosis for the patients.