Characterisation of IgE-mediated histamine release from equine basophils in vitro.
Abstract: In vitro IgE-mediated histamine release by equine blood basophils was characterised as the basis for a screening test for immediate hypersensitivity responses in horses. The responses are initiated by inducing agents that are capable of crosslinking or bridging the membrane-bound IgE molecules. The release process is complete within 40 mins. In vitro histamine release is dose-dependent, with a submaximal response at less or greater than the optimal dose of inducing agent. Exogenous calcium is required but not magnesium; the optimal release calcium concentration is 1.0 to 1.5 mM. If an IgE-mediated inducing agent is added in the absence of exogenous calcium, the basophils become desensitised. The pH and temperature optima for release are physiological (pH 7.4, 37 degrees C). Histamine release is potentiated by deuterium oxide.
Publication Date: 1988-09-01 PubMed ID: 2460333DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1988.tb01544.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This study investigated the properties of a specific immune response, involving the release of histamine from horse blood cells, and suggested potential considerations for the development of a test to screen for immediate allergic reactions in horses.
Research Focus
- The research is aimed at understanding the in vitro (experimental condition outside the living organism) characterisation of a particular immunologic response in horses, specifically the IgE-mediated histamine release from equine basophils, a type of white blood cell.
Understanding the Process
- Histamine release is triggered by agents that can crosslink or bridge with IgE molecules attached to the membrane of basophils.
- The release process completes within 40 minutes, illustrating the rapid nature of these immune responses.
Dose-Dependent Response
- The research finds that the release of histamine is dose-dependent – a specific quantity and concentration of the inducing agent will provoke a maximal response. Too much or too little can result in a suboptimal response, highlighting the importance of dosage calibration.
The Role of Calcium and Magnesium
- Exogenous (originating outside the organism) calcium is required for the IgE-mediated histamine release, but not magnesium. This suggests a crucial role for calcium in these immune responses.
- The optimal concentration of the calcium required for release is 1.0 to 1.5 mM. If an inducing agent is added without exogenous calcium, the basophils became desensitised, underscoring the importance of external calcium in this response.
pH and Temperature Optima
- The release of histamine is best achieved under physiological conditions – at a pH of 7.4 (neutral) and a temperature of 37 degrees Celsius (approximating body temperature), demonstrating the importance of aligning experimental conditions with the natural, in vivo environment of the organism.
Effect of Deuterium Oxide
- Deuterium oxide, or heavy water, potentiates — or increases the effect of — histamine release. This finding suggests that deuterium oxide might be used experimentally to study or manipulate immune responses.
Cite This Article
APA
Magro AM, Rudofsky UH, Schrader WP, Prendergast J.
(1988).
Characterisation of IgE-mediated histamine release from equine basophils in vitro.
Equine Vet J, 20(5), 352-356.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.1988.tb01544.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Wadsworth Center for Laboratories and Research, New York State Department of Health, Albany 12201.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Basophils / physiology
- Histamine Release
- Horse Diseases / diagnosis
- Horse Diseases / immunology
- Horses / blood
- Hypersensitivity, Immediate / diagnosis
- Hypersensitivity, Immediate / veterinary
- Immunoglobulin E / physiology
- In Vitro Techniques
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Szabó MP, Castagnolli KC, Santana DA, de Castro MB, Romano MA. Amblyomma cajennense ticks induce immediate hypersensitivity in horses and donkeys.. Exp Appl Acarol 2004;33(1-2):109-17.
- Hare JE, Viel L, Conlon PD, Marshall JS. Evaluation of an in vitro degranulation challenge procedure for equine pulmonary mast cells.. Can J Vet Res 1998 Apr;62(2):133-9.
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