[Characteristics and roles of red cell autoantibodies in equine infectious anemia].
Abstract: In the recent years, various red cell auto-antibodies have been determined in someanimal diseases, including autoimmune hemolytic anemia and systemic lupus erythe-matosus in dogs, ") Aleutian disease in minks, 8) and equine infectious anemia."?">In this report, the red cell auto-antibodies were examined for symptomatiCchanges, serological characteristics, and immunopathological roles in 20 horses infectedwith equine infectious anemia virus (Table l).Pathologic cold hemagglutiuain and warm hemagglutinin were identified in theplasma of artificially infected horses. The direct antiglobulin tests of red cells gavealso positive results, showing an intimate correlation with the appearance of warmhemagglutinin, in infected horses of febrile stage (Chart l and Table l). Red cellsin the portal veins of the liver tissue were always higher in titer in the antiglobulintests than those in the jugular veins. There was an intimate correlation between thistiter and the number of red cells in the jugular vein of the infected horses (Table 2).Both warm and cold hemagglutinins were macroglobulins (IglVI) which were inn-activated with 2-mercaptoethanol, and found in the first peak of the plasma proteinfractions obtained by get filtration using Sephadex G-200 (Chart 2). These auto-hemagglutinins reacted with horse red cells, but did not with red cells of any otheranimal species, such as sheep, rabbit, guinea pig, or chicken. In tl?e pattern ofreaction between warm hemagglutinin and horse red cells, prozones were formed byexcess antigen or antibody (Table 3) . The auto-antibodies, combined with the redcells of the infected horses and correlated with the antiglobulin test, were serologicallydetermined to be composed predominantly of IgM, like warm hemagglutinin, andprobably partially of IgG (Table 4 and Fig. l).Warm hemagglutinin among these red cell auto-antibodies exhibited 2L1l opsonicaction but no hemolytic action, and accelerated phagocytosis of horse red cells bymacrophages (Figs. 3, 4, and 5).It was considered that the presence
Publication Date: 1970-10-01 PubMed ID: 5529012DOI: 10.1292/jvms1939.32.217Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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This research article investigates the characteristics and immunopathological roles of red blood cell autoantibodies in horses infected with equine infectious anemia virus.
Research Scope
- The study aimed to examine the symptoms, serological characteristics and immunopathological roles of red blood cell autoantibodies in 20 horses infected with equine infectious anemia virus.
Key Findings
- Two types of hemagglutinins – pathologic cold hemagglutinin and warm hemagglutinin – were identified in the horses’ plasma. The direct antiglobulin tests of red blood cells also showed positive results, implying a significant connection with the presence of warm hemagglutinin in the febrile stage of infected horses.
- Tests revealed higher titers in red blood cells in the portal veins of the liver tissue than in the jugular veins. A correlation was observed between this titer and the number of red blood cells in the jugular vein of the infected horses.
- Both warm and cold hemagglutinins were macroglobulins which were inactivated with 2-mercaptoethanol, and found in the first peak of the plasma protein fractions gained by gel filtration using Sephadex G-200. These hemagglutinins reacted solely with horse red blood cells but not with red blood cells of other animal species.
- Prozones, which formed by an excess of antigen or antibody were noted in the interaction matrix between warm hemagglutinin and horse red blood cells. Based on the serological findings, these autoantibodies were primarily composed of IgM, like warm hemagglutinin and possibly partly of IgG.
- Warm hemagglutinin had an opsonic action (enhanced phagocytosis) and played a key role in increasing the phagocytosis of horse red blood cells by macrophages, but did not have a hemolytic action (rupturing of red blood cells).
Conclusion
- The findings of this study can provide valuable insight into the immune response in equine infectious anemia and potentially influence the development of more effective diagnosis, prevention and treatment strategies. However, further research is needed to fully understand these complex immunological interactions.
Cite This Article
APA
Oki Y, Miura K.
(1970).
[Characteristics and roles of red cell autoantibodies in equine infectious anemia].
Nihon Juigaku Zasshi, 32(5), 217-226.
https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms1939.32.217 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Autoantibodies
- Equine Infectious Anemia / blood
- Equine Infectious Anemia / immunology
- Erythrocytes / immunology
- Horses
- Immunoglobulin M / analysis
- Opsonin Proteins / analysis
Citations
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