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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Clin Microbiol / Characterization of a coronavirus isolated from a diarrheic ...
Journal of clinical microbiology2000; 38(12); 4523-4526; doi: 10.1128/JCM.38.12.4523-4526.2000

Characterization of a coronavirus isolated from a diarrheic foal.

Abstract: A coronavirus was isolated from feces of a diarrheic foal and serially propagated in human rectal adenocarcinoma (HRT-18) cells. Antigenic and genomic characterizations of the virus (isolate NC99) were based on serological comparison with other avian and mammalian coronaviruses and sequence analysis of the nucleocapsid (N) protein gene. Indirect fluorescent-antibody assay procedures and virus neutralization assays demonstrated a close antigenic relationship with bovine coronavirus (BCV) and porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (mammalian group 2 coronaviruses). Using previously described BCV primers, the N protein gene of isolate NC99 was amplified by a reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) procedure. The RT-PCR product was cloned into pUC19 and sequenced; the complete N protein of NC99 (446 amino acids) was then compared with published N protein sequences of other avian and mammalian coronaviruses. A high degree of identity (89.0 to 90.1%) was observed between the N protein sequence of NC99 and published sequences of BCV (Mebus and F15 strains) and human coronavirus (strain OC43); only limited identity (<25%) was observed with group 1 and group 3 coronaviruses. Based on these findings, the virus has been tentatively identified as equine coronavirus (ECV). ECV NC99 was determined to have close antigenic and/or genetic relationships with mammalian group 2 coronaviruses, thus identifying it as a member of this coronavirus antigenic group.
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Publication Date: 2000-12-02 PubMed ID: 11101590PubMed Central: PMC87631DOI: 10.1128/JCM.38.12.4523-4526.2000Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The main purpose of this study was to identify and characterize a particular coronavirus strain, isolated from the feces of a foal with diarrhea. The virus was examined and genetically analyzed and determined to have strong similarities with particular strains of bovine coronavirus (BCV) and porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus, among other types.

Methodology

The researchers implemented several procedures and assays to examine this coronavirus:

  • They propagated the virus in human rectal adenocarcinoma (HRT-18) cells.
  • They used indirect fluorescent-antibody assay procedures and virus neutralization assays. These methods made it possible to determine a close antigenic relationship with bovine coronavirus (BCV) and porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus, wildly known as mammalian group 2 coronaviruses.
  • A form of reverse transcriptase PCR procedure was applied, using previously described BCV primers.
  • An RT-PCR product was cloned into pUC19, then sequenced.
  • We compared the complete N protein of NC99 (446 amino acids) with previously published N protein sequences of other avian and mammalian coronaviruses.

Findings

Through these processes, the researchers made several key determinations:

  • They found the N protein sequence of NC99 to have a high degree of identity (89.0 to 90.1%) with the sequences of BCV (Mebus and F15 strains) and the human coronavirus (strain OC43).
  • They noted that the N protein sequence of NC99 had only limited identity (<25%) with group 1 and group 3 coronaviruses.

Conclusion

Based on these results, the researchers tentatively identified the virus as the equine coronavirus (ECV). Further, due to its close antigenic and/or genetic relationships with mammalian group 2 coronaviruses, it was classified as a member of this coronavirus antigenic group. This study is beneficial as it helps in understanding viruses that cause diseases in different hosts and may provide insights into virus-host interactions.

Cite This Article

APA
Guy JS, Breslin JJ, Breuhaus B, Vivrette S, Smith LG. (2000). Characterization of a coronavirus isolated from a diarrheic foal. J Clin Microbiol, 38(12), 4523-4526. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.38.12.4523-4526.2000

Publication

Journal of clinical microbiology
ISSN: 0095-1137
NlmUniqueID: 7505564
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 38
Issue: 12
Pages: 4523-4526

Researcher Affiliations

Guy, J S
  • Department of Microbiology, Pathology and Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USA. Jim_Guy@ncsu.edu
Breslin, J J
    Breuhaus, B
      Vivrette, S
        Smith, L G

          MeSH Terms

          • Amino Acid Sequence
          • Animals
          • Capsid / genetics
          • Coronavirus / classification
          • Coronavirus / isolation & purification
          • Coronavirus OC43, Human
          • Diarrhea / veterinary
          • Diarrhea / virology
          • Feces / virology
          • Horse Diseases / virology
          • Horses
          • Humans
          • Microscopy, Electron
          • Molecular Sequence Data
          • Phylogeny
          • Polymerase Chain Reaction

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