Characterization of gangliosides from equine kidney and spleen.
Abstract: Gangliosides were isolated from equine kidney and spleen, and their carbohydrate and lipid moieties were characterized. Among the long-chain bases, considerable proportions of trihydroxy bases (42.3 to 61.2% of the total bases), in which phytosphingosine was predominant were found in all the ganglioside classes. The other major base was sphingosine. Among the constituent fatty acids, long-chain acids (with a carbon number of more than 20), comprised approximately half the total acids, with some alpha-hydroxy and mono-unsaturated acids. By means of sequential hydrolysis with glycosidases coupled with methylation analysis, the following kidney and spleen gangliosides were characterized: hematoside containing both N-acetyl and N-glycolylneuraminic acids; ganglioside GM2 having both types off sialic acid; ganglioside GM1 having mainly N-glycolylneuraminic acid (83 to 86%); ganglioside GD1a having mainly N-glycolylneuraminic acid (71 to 95%). Ganglioside GD3 containing almost exclusively N-glycolylneuraminic acid (93%) was found in the kidney, and ganglioside GD1b having both types of sialic acid in the spleen.
Publication Date: 1980-10-01 PubMed ID: 7451409DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a133065Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research paper reports a study on the differentiation of gangliosides found in horse kidney and spleen, identifying the different types of constituent fatty acids and bases as well as the carbohydrate and lipid components.
Isolation and Characterization of Gangliosides
- The researchers separated gangliosides, a group of lipids found in tissue cell membranes, from the kidney and spleen of horses. This was done to understand their configuration and composition, as gangliosides play a role in several biological functions like cell communication and growth.
- The individual components of these gangliosides were identified, the majority being phytosphingosine, a long-chain trihydroxy base that formed 42.3% to 61.2% of the total bases in all the ganglioside classes studied.
- Sphingosine was identified as the other principal long-chain base. These compounds form the base structure of gangliosides, crucial for their biophysical and biological roles.
Analysis of Constituent Fatty Acids of Gangliosides
- Investigating the fatty acid components, the researchers found that long-chain fatty acids formed approximately half the total acids
- Some alpha-hydroxy and mono-unsaturated acids were also among the fatty acid components. The fatty acid portions of gangliosides determine their hydrophobicity, thus influencing their distribution and function within cell membranes.
Characterization of Various Types of Gangliosides
- Multiple types of gangliosides such as hematoside, GM2, GM1, GD1a, GD3, and GD1b were characterized based on their respective carbohydrate structures. Each of these gangliosides was identified to contain variant proportions of N-acetyl and N-glycolylneuraminic acids.
- This study is significant in understanding the biological diversity and structural variation of gangliosides in different tissues like the kidney and spleen. This could ultimately contribute to improved understanding and possible treatment of diseases linked to abnormalities in ganglioside structures or metabolism.
Cite This Article
APA
Gasa S, Makita A.
(1980).
Characterization of gangliosides from equine kidney and spleen.
J Biochem, 88(4), 1119-1128.
https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a133065 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Carbohydrate Conformation
- Carbohydrate Sequence
- Ceramides / analysis
- Fatty Acids / analysis
- Gangliosides / analysis
- Glycosphingolipids / analysis
- Horses
- Kidney / analysis
- Methylation
- Sialic Acids / analysis
- Sphingosine / analysis
- Spleen / analysis
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Breimer ME, Holgersson J. The Structural Complexity and Animal Tissue Distribution of N-Glycolylneuraminic Acid (Neu5Gc)-Terminated Glycans. Implications for Their Immunogenicity in Clinical Xenografting. Front Mol Biosci 2019;6:57.
- Ryan JL, Inouye LN, Gobran L, Yohe WB, Yohe HC. Lack of specificity of brain gangliosides in the modulation of lymphocyte activation. Yale J Biol Med 1985 Sep-Oct;58(5):459-67.
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