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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Clin Microbiol / Characterization of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faeciu...
Journal of clinical microbiology2010; 48(11); 4156-4160; doi: 10.1128/JCM.02346-09

Characterization of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolated from swine in three Michigan counties.

Abstract: Vancomycin-resistant enterococci are a major cause of nosocomial infections but are rarely found in humans in the community and have not been identified in food animals in the United States. We evaluated a total of 360 fecal specimens from humans and their animals being raised for exhibit at three county fairs in Michigan. Fecal samples from 158 humans, 55 swine, 50 cattle, 25 horses, 57 sheep, 14 goats, and 1 llama were obtained and plated onto Enterococcosel agar containing 16 μg/ml of vancomycin. Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREF) was isolated from six pigs but not from humans or any animal other than pigs. All six VREF isolates had a MIC to vancomycin of ≥256 μg/ml and contained the vanA gene. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns of the six VREF isolates were ≥80% similar. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) revealed sequence type 5 (ST5) (n = 2), ST6 (n = 3), and ST185 (n = 1), which are E. faecium sequence types belonging to clonal complex 5 (CC5). These findings show the dissemination of VREF strains among pigs in three Michigan counties. This is the first report of VRE found in food animals in the United States.
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Publication Date: 2010-08-25 PubMed ID: 20739498PubMed Central: PMC3020891DOI: 10.1128/JCM.02346-09Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research acknowledges that vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREF) was isolated from pigs exhibited at county fairs in three regions in Michigan, USA. It’s significant because this is the first reported occurrence of VREF in animals intended for human consumption.

Background and Methods Used

  • The researchers took 360 fecal samples from humans and various types of animals being exhibited at three county fairs in Michigan and tested them in order to detect the presence of VREF.
  • The species of animals tested, together with humans, consisted of pigs, cattle, horses, sheep, goats, and a llama.
  • The samples were then grown on a specific agar that contained 16 μg/ml of vancomycin.

Findings

  • Out of all samples, VREF was only found in six pigs. It was not detected in any of the human samples or those from other animals.
  • All isolated VREF had a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to vancomycin of ≥256 μg/ml, and all contained the vanA gene indicating resistance to the antibiotic vancomycin.
  • Various scientific techniques such as pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) were used to further characterize these VREF bacteria.
  • Through these methods, these VREF bacteria were found to have ≥80% similarity in PFGE patterns and belonged to sequence types ST5, ST6, and ST185, which are part of clonal complex 5 (CC5) of E. faecium.

Conclusion

  • The researchers concluded that there is dissemination of VREF strains among pigs in three different counties in Michigan.
  • This is of high significance as this is the first report of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) being found in food animals within the United States. This means the resistance to antibiotics can be transferred to humans if consumption or handling of these animals isn’t done in a safe manner, which could lead to high-risk public health issues.

Cite This Article

APA
Donabedian SM, Perri MB, Abdujamilova N, Gordoncillo MJ, Naqvi A, Reyes KC, Zervos MJ, Bartlett P. (2010). Characterization of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolated from swine in three Michigan counties. J Clin Microbiol, 48(11), 4156-4160. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.02346-09

Publication

Journal of clinical microbiology
ISSN: 1098-660X
NlmUniqueID: 7505564
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 48
Issue: 11
Pages: 4156-4160

Researcher Affiliations

Donabedian, Susan M
  • Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
Perri, Mary Beth
    Abdujamilova, Nodira
      Gordoncillo, Mary Joy
        Naqvi, Amir
          Reyes, Katherine C
            Zervos, Marcus J
              Bartlett, Paul

                MeSH Terms

                • Adolescent
                • Adult
                • Animals
                • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
                • Bacterial Typing Techniques
                • Camelids, New World / microbiology
                • Carrier State / microbiology
                • Carrier State / veterinary
                • Cattle / microbiology
                • Cluster Analysis
                • DNA Fingerprinting
                • Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field
                • Enterococcus faecium / classification
                • Enterococcus faecium / drug effects
                • Enterococcus faecium / genetics
                • Enterococcus faecium / isolation & purification
                • Feces / microbiology
                • Genotype
                • Goats / microbiology
                • Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / microbiology
                • Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / veterinary
                • Horses / microbiology
                • Humans
                • Michigan
                • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
                • Sheep / microbiology
                • Swine / microbiology
                • Vancomycin / pharmacology
                • Vancomycin Resistance

                Grant Funding

                • N01AI30058 / NIAID NIH HHS
                • N01-AI-30058 / NIAID NIH HHS

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